保色调的黑白卡通图像着色方法

图像彩色化是给黑白图像或者视频上色,对黑白卡通图像上色能够大幅度地提高卡通图像的表现力.卡通图像的色调是人们感知的第一印象,为此提出一种保色调的黑白卡通图像着色方法.首先使用保持边界的图像分解技术得到卡通图像的色调,可很好地解决卡通图像灰度不连续的问题;然后使用Gabor特征向量计算出一个模式能量来防止边界处的泄露;最后将图像色调能量和模式能量加入最优化着色方法,得到较好的着色结果.该方法利用少量的人工标色自动上色,不需要分割就能够得到卡通图像保色调着色效果.大量的实验结果表明,文中方法对各种卡通图像都能够取得更好的着色效果.     

改进颜色融合的医学图像彩色化技术

彩色化后的医学图像能清晰体现患者病灶信息有利于医患沟通。提出改进颜色融合的医学图像彩色化方法,首先利用基于KNN的图像前背景区分算法,强化病灶区域的边界信息;然后以此为约束条件,只需提供简单的着色输入;最后将边界能量引入颜色融合方法,得到较好的着色结果。着色图像保持了原图的灰度信息不变,增加了彩色标记图像的颜色和真实感。实验结果表明,该算法具有较高的精确度,可有效的应用于医学图像彩色化处理。     

基于结构张量和Wasserstein距离的纹理图像分割

基于区域的非参数活动轮廓模型被广泛地应用于图像分割领域。在结构张量和图像灰度直方图基础上建立的新模型就属于这个范畴, 它被用于灰度和彩色纹理图像的分割。首先,对经典的结构张量进行扩展,使其能表达原始纹理图像的梯度信息和色彩信息。利用扩展的结构张量,使一幅图像生成多个特征通道,从而提取更多的纹理特征。然后,在各个通道中,利用像素点的局部灰度直方图的Wasserstein距离信息分割图像,使图像不同分割区域的灰度分布近似同态。最后,为了有效地降低模型的数值计算复杂度,一些数值计算技巧被引入模型的计算过程,产生了很好的效果。通过大量的实验对比,利用新模型能得到更精确、更稳定的分割结果。     

基于分形的彩色岩石裂隙分割

纹理分割是图像处理与计算机视觉领域研究的重点和难点.现有的纹理分割方法大多集中于研究灰度纹理图像,该文提出了一种基于分形纹理特征和颜色信息结合的彩色纹理分割算法.该算法将复杂的彩色图像分形维数计算转化为单色图像分形维数的计算,将纹理特征和颜色信息相结合,采用区域生长法来实现分割.通过对彩色岩石裂隙图像的分割实验,结果证实该该方法行之有效.     

一种基于数据融合的医学图像分割方法

针对一类纹理特征明显的医学图像,提出了一种融合纹理信息和灰度信息的图像分割方法,设计了基于金字塔结构的区域增长分割算法,该方法在区域内部结合使用纹理信息和灰度信息,在区域边缘部分则充分利用灰度信息,计算结果表明,该方法对某一类医学图像能够获得较好的分割效果。     

基于空间聚类和边缘梯度的图像分割算法

提出一种结合空间聚类和边缘梯度信息的图像自动分割算法.在判断超像素颜色及纹理相似性的同时,进一步给出更加精确的分段边缘梯度计算方法,并采用测地距离来刻画超像素之间的相似性,使得分割结果更好地融合边缘不连续性与区域相似性.大量图像分割实验结果表明,该方法能更准确地找出分割边界,提高图像分割的准确性.     

基于Gabor滤波的灰度图像彩色化方法

提出一种基于Gabor滤波的分层次图像彩色化方法.使用Gabor滤波提取图像纹理特征,利用纹理特征将目标灰度图像分割为多个子区域.其中,每个子区域与源参考图像的单个纹理区域相对应,且拥有单调的色彩;分别对子区域进行彩色化,从而降低全局图像彩色化的复杂度.实验结果表明,此方法能抑制图像颜色传输时颜色的丢失,有效地提高彩色化质量.     

基于局部图像拟合偏差的活动轮廓分割模型

针对灰度不均匀图像的分割问题,提出一个基于区域的活动轮廓模型。通过构造包含图像局部信息的局部图像拟合偏差能量泛函,度量真实图像与拟合图像的偏差,并在全局凸分割的基础上,将分裂Bregman技术应用到模型能量泛函的最小化问题中,以提高分割速率。同时引入边界检测函数更加准确地探测边界位置,以提高模型的分割准确性。实验结果表明,该模型不仅可以正确分割灰度不均匀图像和受噪声干扰的图像,而且对于多目标图像以及灰度分布均值相同、方差不同的图像,也能快速、准确地得到分割结果。     

基于改进JSEG算法的高分辨率遥感图像分割方法

JSEG算法是一种有效的彩色图像分割方法,但该方法直接用于遥感图像分割时,往往会出现因遥感图像区域边界较模糊而导致区域边界分割不准确,或因区域阴影而导致的过分割现象。为了解决上述问题,提出基于改进JSEG算法的遥感图像分割方法,该方法利用能更好描述区域内颜色的同质性的局部同质矩阵来校正传统JSEG算法中的局部J值,以实现对区域边界的准确反映,提高区域边界分割的准确性;利用图像的LBP/C纹理特征,合并具有相似纹理信息的颜色类,以减弱传统JSEG算法的过分割现象。仿真实验验证了上述方法的有效性。     

抑制纹理信息的偏置场变分图像分割模型

偏置场变分水平集图像分割模型利用原始图像的局部灰度信息,可以对灰度不均匀图像进行有效的分割,但当灰度图像中存在纹理时,分割效果往往很差。针对这一问题,提出抑制纹理信息的偏置场变分水平集图像分割模型。利用一种基于纹理几何结构的纹理描述符描述图像中不同的纹理区域,使得不同纹理区域对比更加明显,相同纹理区域更加平滑,通过抑制纹理信息使后续的图像分割在纹理部分的错分大大减少。实验结果表明,相比偏置场变分模型,所提模型对自然及人工合成纹理图像均获得更好的分割结果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.