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金刚石膜电极电化学处理污染物的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用人工合成的金刚石膜电极进行电化学氧化降解处理污染物的探索工作。已成为环境电化学领域中最为关注的国际性研究热点之一。从电催化氧化降解技术处理污染物的研究现状及其存在的问题出发.分析了适用于污染物降解处理的高效电极材料应具有的表面特性及其电化学性质。在综述了金刚石膜电化学研究以及应用于污染物处理的工作基础上,结合近期相关的研究结果,论述了金刚石膜电极的电化学特性以及对污染物氧化降解的应用和降解机理。金刚石膜电极将是未来环保处理中非常适用、高效、稳定的电极材料。 相似文献
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电化学氧化技术去除有机物的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
电化学水处理技术因其具有多功能性、高度的灵活性、易于自动化、无二次污染等特点倍受国内外研究者的重视。简单介绍了电化学氧化技术直接氧化和间接氧化的基本理论,主要总结了电化学技术在去除有机污染物和处理废水领域的研究及应用现状,并指出了该技术目前应用中所存在的一些问题,分析了其不能广泛应用的主要原因,探讨了今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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综述了实验研究和工程实践中有机污染物的初始浓度、p H值、反应温度、电解质等对该技术处理难降解有机污染物效率的影响,为电化学高级氧化技术高效处理实际工业废水提供指导;并提出了维持体系中H2O2的连续生成及电Fenton体系中低p H值与催化剂的固定等问题将是今后深入研究的重要方向。 相似文献
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综述了国内外电化学技术去除污染物的研究现状,近几年来出现的一些新技术如电化学生成强氧化剂氢氧自由基技术、电催化降解技术、光电一体化技术、电解氯氧化技术等,探讨了电化学技术处理工业废水的发展趋势. 相似文献
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电解加工是一种以离子形式去除加工件表面材料的方式,使得该技术在微细加工领域具有先天的优势。各种新型电解加工方式的出现,解决了传统电解加工中的不足,在机械、电子、宇航等领域得到广泛应用。 相似文献
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The objective of this work is to evaluate the use of an electrochemical hydrogen pump for recirculation of hydrogen in a fuel
cell stack. The hydrogen pump needed about 130 mV at 0.5 A cm−2, primarily because of the cell resistance (0.18 Ω cm2). This voltage loss was higher than a fuel cell voltage gain resulting from hydrogen recirculation. However, if one pumping
cell is used for 10 active cells this means 13 mV loss per cell (or about 2%) which may be an acceptable voltage penalty.
A stack with hydrogen recirculation should operate with less voltage fluctuation and should need purging less often than a
stack operating with a dead-end mode of hydrogen supply. An additional benefit of hydrogen purification may be achieved in
the systems with a fuel processor where operation in a dead-end mode is not possible. Attention must be paid to water management
when designing and operating a hydrogen pump within a fuel cell stack. 相似文献
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N-甲基羟胺及其盐酸盐广泛应用于医药和农药中间体的合成,以及核废料处理与回收等领域.采用线性扫描和循环伏安方法,研究了硝基甲烷电还原一步制备N-甲基羟胺及其盐酸盐的反应特性.在盐酸溶液中,硝基甲烷在铜、铜汞齐和镍电极上均具有明显的还原活性,其活性大小依次为铜>铜汞齐>镍>石墨,其中硝基甲烷在铜电极上的还原电位为-0.65~-0.75V(vs.SCE).电解合成试验结果表明,采用铜和铜汞齐作为阴极材料,电合成N-甲基羟胺盐酸盐的电流效率均超过90%,产品收率超过86%;采用镍和石墨作阴极,电流效率和产品收率均较低.其中铜电极在1200~2500A·m-2的电流密度范围内,电解时间为理论电解时间的80%时,具有最好的电流效率.与传统的催化氢化法合成N-甲基羟胺比较,电化学还原硝基甲烷制备N-甲基羟胺盐反应条件温和、污染少、成本低,是一种非常有效的合成新方法. 相似文献
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Combined electrooxidation and assisted electrochemical coagulation of aqueous phenol wastes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Cañizares F. Martínez J. García-Gómez C. Sáez M.A. Rodrigo 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2002,32(11):1241-1246
The electrochemical treatment of basic (pH 12) aqueous phenol wastes using stainless steel electrodes is described. Two different processes have been identified in the removal of the phenol from aqueous wastes: electrooxidation, which leads to the formation of carboxylic acids and carbon dioxide, and solids-forming assisted electrochemical processes (including complexation, precipitation and/or coagulation) produced by the generation of Fe3+ ions in the waste during treatment. The effect of the initial carbon concentration, temperature and current density has also been investigated. It was determined that increases in the initial carbon concentration and temperature lead to increases in the reaction rates of the treatment processes and that increased current density leads to a decrease in the rate of electrooxidation and an increase in the rate of the solid-forming processes. 相似文献
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Bahadir K Krbaht Bekir Salih Abdurrahman Tanyola 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2002,77(1):70-76
The electrochemical conversion of highly concentrated synthetic phenolic wastewater was studied on carbon electrodes in a batch electrochemical reactor. The effects of reaction temperature, electrolyte concentration, current density and initial phenol concentration on phenol conversion were elucidated. The wastewater was synthetically prepared and used in reactions carried out generally at 25 °C with an initial phenol concentration of 3500 mg dm?3. Although current density increased, phenol conversion% and initial phenol conversion rate did not increase correspondingly above 35 °C and an electrolyte concentration of 90 g dm?3. As the voltage values applied were increased, the increasing current density resulted in fast phenol conversion. Kinetic investigations denoted that overall phenol destruction kinetics was of zero order with an activation energy of 10.9 kJ mol?1. Under appropriate conditions, phenol was completely converted within 15 min for an initial phenol concentration of 98 mg dm?3 while 8 h was required to gain 95% conversion using 4698 mg dm?3. Solid polymeric materials were produced at initial phenol concentrations above 500 mg dm?3 using the appropriate current density. In the reaction medium, only mono‐, di‐ and tri‐substituted chlorophenols were formed and 100% of all species were either oxidised or contributed to the formation of a polymeric structure. Almost all of the phenol loaded to the reactor was converted into non‐passivating polymeric products, denoting a safe and easy method for the separation of phenol. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献