水胶比对大掺量矿物掺合料混凝土渗透性的影响

文章采用氯离子扩散系数、电通量、气体渗透性系数以及毛细管吸附四种渗透性测试方法研究不同水胶比对大掺量矿物掺合料混凝土的渗透性能影响规律。结果表明,水胶比对混凝土早期渗透性能影响较大,而随着养护龄期的延长,水胶比对混凝土后期渗透性能的影响程度减弱。采用氯离子扩散系数、电通量、气体渗透性和毛细管吸水率四种测试方法来表征不同水胶比混凝土渗透性能时,测试结果具有明显的相关性。     

粉煤灰-矿渣复合超细粉蒸养混凝土的氯离子渗透性能

粉煤灰-矿渣复合超细粉蒸养混凝土氯离子渗透性能研究表明:随着矿物掺合料的加入,蒸养混凝土的氯离子渗透系数明显降低;掺加复合超细粉的混凝土经标准养护或蒸气养护后,其抗氯离子渗透性都有显著的增强.     

轻轨PC梁C60蒸养混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能研究

该研究结合重庆轻轨3号线一期工程PC梁生产实际进行试验研究,通过设置12组配合比进行比对,以考察水胶比、矿物掺合料掺量以及养护方式(蒸养与非蒸养)与混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能之间的关系。     

超高强混凝土的耐久性研究

超高强混凝土在现代建筑中的地位越来越重要,其耐久性能自然备受关注。文中研究了水胶比、胶凝材料总量以及矿物掺合料掺量对超高强混凝土抗氯离子渗透及抗碳化性能的影响。试验结果表明:水胶比越小,超高强混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能力越强,抗碳化性能越好;随胶凝材料总量的增加,抗氯离子渗透能力先增强后减弱,而抗碳化能力则逐渐增强;随矿物掺合料掺量的增加,抗氯离子渗透和抗碳化能力均先增强后减弱,最佳掺量为40%。     

海洋环境下混凝土自由氯离子扩散系数试验

采用自然扩散法研究了普通混凝土、粉煤灰混凝土和矿渣混凝土在模拟海水环境中的氯离子扩散特性,探讨了养护龄期、暴露时间及矿物掺合料掺量对混凝土自由氯离子扩散系数的影响.结果表明:混凝土的自由氯离子扩散系数随着暴露时间的延长呈幂指数降低,而且其时间依赖性与养护时间及矿物掺合料掺量有关;当养护龄期达到730 d、粉煤灰和矿渣掺量(质量分数)分别达到30％和45％时,混凝土的自由氯离子扩散系数随暴露时间的降低速度最快;延长养护龄期及掺加粉煤灰和矿渣,对于降低混凝土的长期自由氯离子扩散系数具有重要的作用.     

单轴压荷载下掺合料对混凝土渗透性的影响

利用自行设计的加载装置研究了单掺矿物掺合料(矿渣、粉煤灰、硅灰)的素混凝土在单轴持续压荷载作用下的氯离子渗透性,并提出了相应的数学模型.结果表明:单轴持续压荷载显著影响混凝土的渗透性,氯离子扩散系数与应力比近似满足抛物线的数学模型.掺入矿物掺合料可以改善混凝土抗氯离子渗透性,改善效果硅灰最佳,矿渣次之,粉煤灰最差.掺入矿物掺合料的混凝土,其氯离子扩散系数随矿物掺合料掺量的增大而近似呈负指数函数减小.对于掺矿物掺合料的混凝土,其渗透性与抗压强度不具相关性.     

改善混凝土抗渗及抗冻性能的研究

研究了空白混凝土、单掺FA、单掺SF及FA与SF复合的混凝土在水胶比为0．35,龄期为28d时抗冻和冻融前后抗氯离子渗透的性能。试验结果表明：矿物掺合料对混凝土抗冻及抗氯离子渗透的性能均有较大影响;混凝土抗冻性与抗氯离子渗透性有一定相关性;适量的SF与FA复合是获得抗氯离子渗透及抗冻性能较好的混凝土的有效途径之一。     

C30~C60自密实混凝土的配制及性能研究

采用大掺量矿物掺合料配制C30~C60自密实混凝土,并对自密实混凝土的工作性能、强度及抗氯离子渗透性能进行研究。结果表明,增加胶凝材料用量可以改善混凝土的自密实性能,采用大掺量矿物掺合料替代水泥保证混凝土粉体总量,是配制中低强度自密实混凝土的方法之一;大掺量矿物掺合料自密实混凝土的抗压强度和抗氯离子渗透性能随龄期的增长不断提高,大矿物掺合料自密实混凝土的抗压强度和抗氯离子渗透性能评价应以56d龄期为准。     

蒸养制度对混凝土抗压强度及抗渗性能影响的研究

为探究蒸汽养护对掺加不同矿物掺合料混凝土的微观结构与性能影响,对比分析了蒸养混凝土的抗压强度、抗氯离子渗透性和水化产物。结果表明,蒸汽养护能够提高早期强度,减缓后期强度增长;采用RCM法测试抗渗性,发现掺矿物掺和料会提高抗渗性,且复掺效果更好;对于恒温时间和恒温温度这两个蒸养参数,综合试验确定为恒温4h、60℃,这为预制构件的生产提供了参考。     

海工混凝土耐久性能的研究

利用CDF抗盐冻性能试验和抗氯离子渗透性试验来综合评价海工混凝土的耐久性。结果表明:随水胶比的降低,海工混凝土42次盐冻剥落量和相对动弹性模量损失率减小,抗氯离子渗透性提高;在一定范围内混掺矿物掺合料有利于降低混凝土的盐冻剥蚀量和动弹性模量损失率,提高混凝土的抗氯离子渗透性和抗盐冻性能,进而提高混凝土的耐久性。     

Effect of cement type on the resistance of concrete against chloride penetration

In chloride containing environment, chloride permeability of concrete is an important parameter affecting the service life of concrete structures. The primary objective of this experimental study was to study the effect of cement types on the resistance of concrete against chloride penetration for given compressive strength classes. These cements included two different types of granulated blast-furnace slag cement (CEM III/A 32.5N and CEM III/A 42.5N), a sulfate resisting cement (SRC 32.5), and a Portland cement blended with fly ash; all of which compared to an ordinary Portland cement (CEM I 42.5R). For each binder type, four concretes at different strength classes were produced and as a result 20 mixtures were obtained. Rapid chloride ion penetration tests according to ASTM C 1202 were conducted. In addition, electrical resistivity and capillary water absorption tests were carried out. In order to characterize the concrete quality, compressive strength of the specimens were also obtained. The test results clearly demonstrated that the blast-furnace slag cements have the highest resistance against chloride penetration, while the pure Portland cement and sulfate resisting cement have the lowest resistance. Concretes produced with the sulfate resisting cement had substantially higher capillary sorption compared to other mixtures. Test results confirmed the strong relationship between the chloride permeability and electrical resistivity.     

常压下水泥粒度和水胶比对混凝土渗透性的影响

试验测试了混凝土在常压状态下,不同水泥粒度和水胶比对混凝土渗透性的影响。指出在一定气干条件下,水泥粒度越细,水胶比越低,混凝土在毛细孔压力作用下的渗透性越大。尤其是掺入了超细矿渣的水泥混凝土。这种渗透性的增大更为明显。     

龄期对负温下混凝土抗渗性能的影响

为了研究不同龄期对混凝土抗氯离子渗透性影响的规律与程度,采用了加速渗透法中的ASTM C1202直流电量法,对标准养护条件和-3℃养护条件下,不同龄期(28d和56d)的混凝土电通量和初始电流进行了测试。试验结果表明:-3℃养护条件下混凝土的电通量随龄期的增长而逐渐降低,即抗氯离子渗透性逐渐增强,与标养下规律相同;随着龄期的增长,-3℃养护条件对混凝土电通量的影响随着龄期的增大而增强,从而对混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能的发展产生更大影响;-3℃养护条件下,混凝土的初始电流随着龄期的增长而减小,同时随着龄期的增长,-3℃养护对混凝土初始电流的影响程度增大,对混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能的发展影响也更大,这与电通量反应规律一致。     

Pore structure and chloride permeability of concrete containing nano-particles for pavement

Pore structure and chloride permeability of concrete containing nano-particles (TiO₂ and SiO₂) for pavement are experimentally studied and compared with that of plain concrete, concrete containing polypropylene (PP) fibers and concrete containing both nano-TiO₂ and PP fibers. The test results indicate that the addition of nano-particles refines the pore structure of concrete and enhances the resistance to chloride penetration of concrete. The refined extent of pore structure and the enhanced extent of the resistance to chloride penetration of concrete are increased with the decreasing content of nano-particles. The pore structure and the resistance to chloride penetration of concrete containing nano-TiO₂ are superior to that of concrete containing the same amount of nano-SiO₂. However, for the concrete containing PP fibers, the pore structure is coarsened and the resistance to chloride penetration is reduced. The larger the content of PP fibers, the coarser the pore structure of concrete, and the lower the resistance to chloride penetration. For the concrete containing both nano-TiO₂ and PP fibers, the pore structure is coarser and the resistance to chloride penetration is lower than that of concrete containing the same amount of PP fibers only. A hyperbolic relationship between chloride permeability and compressive strength of concrete is exhibited. There is an obvious linear relationship between chloride permeability and pore structure of concrete.     

Degradation of permeability resistance of high strength concrete after combustion

To evaluate the remaining durability of concrete materials after combustion, the permeability of high strength concrete (HSC) after combustion was studied. The transport behavior of chloride ion, water and air in concrete after combustion and the effect of temperature, strength grade, and aggregation on the permeability of HSC after combustion are investigated by chloride ion permeability coefficient (D_c), water permeability coefficient (D_w) and air permeability coefficient (D_a). The experiment results show that all three permeability coefficients commendably reflect changes of permeability. The permeability coefficient increases with the evaluation temperature. After the same temperature, the permeability coefficient of HSC is lower than that of normal strength concrete (NSC). However, the degree of degradation of permeability coefficient of HSC is greater than that of NSC. The permeability resistance of HSC containing limestone is better than that of HSC containing basalt. Combining changes of compressive strength and permeability, the remaining durability of concrete materials after combustion is appropriately evaluated.     

再生骨料取代率对再生混凝土耐久性的影响

在对大量文献进行研究与对比分析的基础上,总结了近11年来各国再生混凝土耐久性的研究成果,包括再生混凝土抗氯离子渗透性、抗冻性、耐磨性、抗碳化性.通过灰色关联度定量分析了再生混凝土氯离子渗透性影响因素的主次关系.结果表明:再生混凝土的抗氯离子渗透性、抗冻性和耐磨性随再生粗骨料取代率增加而变差,混凝土耐磨性随再生细骨料取代率的增加而变好,大部分混凝土的抗碳化性随再生粗骨料取代率增加而变差,少部分出现变异;通过灰色关联分析得到的再生混凝土氯离子渗透性影响因素从大到小依次为水灰比、掺合料、混凝土龄期.     

膨润土对混凝土抗渗透性能影响的研究

为研究膨润土对混凝土抗渗透性能的影响,测试了不同试验条件下混凝土气体渗透系数和电通量,分析了混凝土抗气体渗透性能和抗氯离子渗透性能的相关性,并利用扫描电子显微镜观察了内掺膨润土混凝土的微观结构。研究表明:膨润土掺量在0~8%范围内,混凝土的气体渗透系数与电通量均先降低后升高,当膨润土掺量为4%时,混凝土气体渗透系数和电通量最低;适当降低水胶比可以有效改善混凝土抗气体渗透和抗氯离子渗透性能;混凝土气体渗透系数与电通量显著正相关;微观分析表明:掺膨润土混凝土的抗渗透性能可能与水化硅酸钙凝胶体系内孔隙的填充和C-S-H之间的连接程度有关。     

矿物掺和料对混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能的影响

采用氯离子扩散系数快速测定法(RCM法)测定混凝土Cl-渗透系数.分析矿物掺和料种类及掺量对混凝土抗Cl-渗透性能的影响.研究结果表明:同胶凝体系下,矿粉对混凝土的抗Cl-渗透性作用远大于粉煤灰,粉煤灰和矿粉(1∶1)复掺能够较好的提高混凝土抗Cl-渗透能力,同条件下粉煤灰混凝土的渗透系数是矿粉系列的2~3倍.     

抗氯离子渗透高性能混凝土的配制研究

采用ASTM C 1202的方法对混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能进行研究,结果表明,混凝土抗氯离子的渗透能力随水灰比的降低而提高,但水灰比的降低不能有效地提高混凝土的抗渗性能;粉煤灰、硅灰的掺入能有效提高混凝土抗氯离子渗透能力,且在一定范围内随粉煤灰掺量的增加,混凝土的抗渗性能提高;粉煤灰与硅灰复合配制的混凝土抗氯离子渗透的能力较好,粉煤灰与硅灰双掺是配制高抗氯离子渗透混凝土的有效途径之一。     

混凝土渗透性测试方法的改进及水胶比的影响

本文阐述了目前混凝土渗透性的测试方法当中存在的共同缺陷,以及渗透性测试方法的改进建议和改进方法.同时,阐述了水胶比与毛细孔最可几孔径尺寸对混凝土渗透速率的影响,并提出关于混凝土最小水胶比的设置建议.