碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料的研究现状

描述了碳纳米管和碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料的基本特征,讲述了碳纳米管铝基复合材料的制备方法和制备过程中存在的问题及解决方法。最后对碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料今后的研究动向进行了分析。     

氧化铝短纤维增强铝基复合材料的组织与性能

氧化铝纤维增强铝基复合材料在很好的工业应用前景。对其制备工艺、力学等已进行了大量研究。目前多数研究都是针对铸造或压力铸造的复合材料，未见有关这种材料变形后的组织与性能研究的报道。本文针对这一情况对经热挤压的复合组织与性能及断裂行为进行初步研究。     

碳纳米管/铝基复合材料阳极氧化与耐腐蚀性能

采用叠片粉末冶金技术制备CNT/2024Al复合材料锭坯,经热轧变形加工后,通过阳极氧化在板材表面生成一层均匀、致密的氧化膜,并对阳极氧化后的复合材料板材抗盐雾腐蚀性能进行研究.采用SEM对比分析了复合材料板材的阳极氧化膜微观结构及其在盐雾气氛下的变化规律;采用万能拉伸试验机研究阳极氧化对盐雾腐蚀后材料力学性能的影响....     

非晶颗粒增强纯铝基复合材料的组织与性能

采用机械合金化制备了Al70Ni17Ti13非晶粉末,在450℃下采用无压烧结-热压工艺烧结制备了铝基复合材料,研究了不同含量的非晶粉末的加入对纯铝基复合材料显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:复合材料的硬度随着增强体含量的增加逐渐增加,但其抗拉强度随着增强体含量的增加呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。复合材料的显微硬度由纯铝的46 HV0.01提高到195.3 HV0.01,效果显著。当非晶粉末颗粒体积分数为10%时,抗拉强度达到最大值为196.6 MPa,相比纯铝抗拉强度性能提升了113%。当非晶粉末颗粒体积分数为15%时,复合材料的耐蚀性能最佳。     

不同(TiB+TiC)含量对颗粒增强钛基复合材料组织和性能的影响

利用海绵钛与B4C粉末之间的自蔓延高温合成反应,经普通熔铸工艺制备了TiB晶须和TiC粒子增强的钛基复合材料.研究了不同TiC、TiB含量对颗粒增强钛基复合材料组织和性能的影响.     

TiC含量对高温钛基复合材料组织与性能的影响

通过真空非自耗熔炼工艺制备了不同TiC含量(1,2.5,5,7.5,10,15vol.%)的近α高温钛合金基复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和万能材料试验机,系统研究了TiC_p含量对近α高温钛合金基复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,可以利用Ti与C之间的原位反应制备TiC/Ti复合材料,随着TiC含量的升高,TiC的形态逐渐由长条状向等轴状、枝晶状发展,其不同的形态主要是由其凝固路径决定的。室温压缩性能表明,随着TiC含量的升高,抗压强度和屈服强度明显升高,但达到一定值后强度有不同程度的降低,而压缩率随着TiC含量的升高明显降低。     

碳化硅纳米线增强钛基复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用球磨法将Ti60合金粉末与碳化硅纳米线(SiCnw)混合,通过放电等离子活化烧结工艺制备SiCnw/Ti60复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和万能力学试验机研究复合材料的组织形貌、物相结构和力学性能。结果表明,在Ti60合金中添加SiCnw后,基体晶粒尺寸显著减小,当SiCnw添加量为0.1%(质量分数)时,SiCnw/Ti60复合材料的晶粒尺寸较Ti60合金下降42%,抗拉强度提高2.7%,为1037 MPa。SiCnw在晶界处的均匀分布可起到钉扎效应,在拉伸过程中SiCnw承担了基体间的载荷传递,从而提高了SiCnw/Ti60复合材料的拉伸强度。     

TiNi形状记忆合金强化的钛基和铝基复合材料

机敏材料在受外部刺激时可作出相应反应 ,以补偿相应的变化或增强预想的效果。连续 Ti Ni SMA纤维增强剂可以改进材料高温下的屈服应力和断裂韧性 ,同时具有机敏材料的特性 ,属于机敏材料。用 SMA作增强剂强化机敏材料的原理是 ,埋入基体中的 SMA室温加载后由奥氏体向马氏体转变 ,加热后又发生逆转变。逆转变相变过程中 ,复合材料里的 SMA收缩 ,在 SMA内产生拉应力 ,基体内产生压应力。基体中的压应力是提高机敏材料拉伸性能的主要因素。1　复合材料的制备使用四种方法制造 SMA增强复合材料 :真空热压 ,热挤压 ,火花等离子烧结和包…     

碳纳米管在增强镁基复合材料方面的作用

综述了碳纳米管对镁基复合材料显微组织及力学性能的影响.     

热处理对TP-650钛基复合材料组织与性能的影响

研究了热处理条件对ＴＰ－６５０钛基复合材料组织与机械性能的影响。基体钛合金的显微组织以及ＴｉＣ粒子与基体间的界面宽度随热处理加热温度而变。ＴｉＣ粒子在热处理过程中有较好的稳定性，形态与分布没有明显改变。ＴｉＣ粒子对基体钛合金的再结晶产生重要影响，明显阻碍了晶粒聚集长大。所试验的热处理工艺对ＴＰ－６５０钛基复合材料的强度极限无显著影响，但简单退火和较低温度下的双重热处理可以获得较高的延性。     

Al2O3p/Al复合材料中颗粒粒径与形态对组织和性能的影响

选用 5 .0和 0 .15 μm两种粒径的Al2 O3 颗粒 ,制备了Al2 O3 体积分数为 40 %的铝基复合材料。利用透射电镜对两种复合材料拉伸前后的组织进行观察 ,结果表明 :5 μm尖角形Al2 O3 颗粒增强复合材料的铸态组织中存在高密度的位错 ,这主要是由于热错配应力引起的 ;0 .15 μm椭球形Al2 O3 颗粒增强复合材料的铸态组织中几乎观察不到位错 ,这与颗粒细小且为等轴状、分布弥散、界面附近应力分布均匀等因素有关。对拉伸断口附近显微组织的观察表明 ,前者基体中位错进一步增殖 ,后者则存在明显的位错环。室温拉伸结果表明亚微米Al2 O3p/Al复合材料中的这种微观组织有利于材料强度和塑性的提高     

Effects of nano-SiCp content on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiCp/A356 composites assisted with ultrasonic treatment

nano-SiC_p/A356 composites with different nano-SiC_p contents were prepared by squeeze casting after ultrasonic treatment (UT). The effects of SiC_p content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. The results show that with the addition of nano-SiC_p, the microstructure of nanocomposites is obviously refined, the morphology of the α(Al) grains transforms from coarse dendrites to rosette crystals, and long acicular eutectic Si phases are shortened and rounded. The mechanical properties of 0.5%, 1% and 2% (mass fraction) SiC_p/A356 nanocomposites are improved continuously with the increase of nano-SiC_p content. Especially, when the SiC_p content is 2%, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation are 259 MPa, 144 MPa and 5.3%, which are increased by 19%, 69% and 15%, respectively, compared with those of the matrix alloy. The improvement of strength is attributed to mechanisms of Hall-Petch strengthening and Orowan strengthening.     

Comparative study on the interface and mechanical properties of T700/Al and M40/Al composites

T700/Al and M40/Al composites were fabricated by squeeze casting technology, and their interface and mechanical properties were investi-gated comparatively. The results showed that both of the composites were dense, and the fibers were distributed uniformly in aluminum ma-trix. Aluminum carbide (Al_4C_3) was observed on the interface of the two carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum (Cf/Al) composites. There was little Al_4C_3 with a length of 300-500 nm and a width of 30-60 nm in the M40/Al composite, whereas there was a great deal of Al_4C_3 with a length of 200-400 nm and a width of 100-200 nm in the T700/Al composite, due to a higher graphitization of M40Cf than T700Cf. The M40/Al composite showed a much higher tensile strength than the T700/Al composite, and it was related to inteffacial bonding between carbon fibers and aluminum matrices.     

热处理对高Ti/Al比高温合金组织和性能的影响

研究了热处理制度对一种Fe-25Ni-12Cr基高Ti/Al比变形高温合金晶界析出和力学性能的影响。结果表明,直接时效热处理条件下,热加工应力不能得到有效消除,合金的变形带密集,晶界能量较高,促进η相沿晶界析出和生长;η相两侧存在细γ’相析出薄层,该薄层可有效抑制持久晶界裂纹的萌生和扩展,显著提高持久寿命,降低拉伸屈服强度。1000℃固溶+时效处理可有效消除加工应力及变形带,降低η相的晶界形核率,并促进η相魏氏体生长,有助于提高拉伸强度,但降低持久寿命。     

Interfacial microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Al/Sn joints by ultrasonic-assisted soldering

Soldering aluminum alloys at low temperature have great potential to avoid softening of base metals. Pure Al was soldered with pure tin assisted by ultrasound. The influence of primary α(Al) on the microstructure of Al/Sn interface and its bonding strength was studied. It is found that the primary α(Al) in liquid tin tends to be octahedron enclosed by Al {111} facet with the lowest surface free energy and growth rate. The ultrasonic action could increase the nucleation rate and refine the particles of primary α(Al). For the longer ultrasonic and holding time, a large amount of the octahedral primary α(Al) particles crystallize at the Al/Sn interface. The bonding interface exhibits the profile of rough dentation, resulting in an increment of bonding interface area and the effect of mechanical occlusion. The bonding strength at interface could reach 63 MPa with ultrasonic time of 40 s and holding time of 10 min.     

真空热压SiC_p/2024Al复合材料力学性能与显微结构

采用真空热压法制备了体积分数为30%的Si Cp/2024Al复合材料,研究了该复合材料的显微组织结构及力学性能。结果表明,复合材料组织致密,颗粒与基体界面结合状况较好,Si C颗粒在铝基体中基本上分布均匀。经490℃、2 h固溶处理和170℃、8 h人工时效后,Si Cp/2024Al复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为409 MPa、325 MPa和4.9%,基体中存在大量的纳米析出相为S'(Al2Cu Mg)。随Si C颗粒加入,复合材料力学性能提高,其断裂方式为基体开裂和界面处撕裂。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of 7075 Al alloy based composites with Al2O3 nanoparticles

A new method was used to fabricate 7075 Al alloy based composites with Al₂O₃ nanoparticles to improve the distribution of particles. In this study, nano-sized particles were fed into the molten alloy through the flow of argon gas, then the Al₂O₃/7075 composites were prepared by solid-liquid mixed casting. The results indicated that the composite samples showed fine microstructure and achieved a homogeneous distribution of particles. Also, it was found that relative to the as-cast 7075 alloy, the Al₂O₃/7075 composites exhibited higher mechanical properties, which is due to the effect of uniform distributed Al₂O₃ nanoparticles reinforcement.     

热处理对Ti6242S合金组织和性能的影响

研究了不同热处理制度对Ti6242S合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Ti6242S合金在α+β两相区热处理后得到双态组织。随着固溶温度的升高,初生α相含量减少,强度增加,塑性降低;随着时效温度的提高,析出的次生α相的数量增多,强度先增加后降低,塑性变化不明显。随着冷却速度的提高,合金强度显著升高,塑性降低。本试验得到的最佳热处理制度为965℃×1 h,空冷+595℃×8 h,空冷,可获得良好的组织和性能。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of (TiB+La2O3)/Ti composites heat treated at different temperatures

Near-α titanium matrix composites reinforced with TiB and La₂O₃ were synthesized by common casting and hot-working technology. The effects of β heat treatment temperature on the microstructure and the tensile properties of the in situ synthesized (TiB+La₂O₃)/Ti were studied. Microstructure was studied by OM and TEM, and tensile tests were carried out at room temperature and 923 K, respectively. Results show that with the increase of β heat treatment temperature, prior β phase grain size increases and α colony size decreases. Room temperature tensile strength increases with the increase of β heat treatment temperature, which can be attributed to the decrease of α colony size with the increase of β heat treatment temperature. However, high-temperature tensile strength decreases with the increase of β heat treatment temperature and the decrease of the high-temperature tensile strength is due to the increase of the prior β phase grain size.