改进的正交小波变换阈值去噪算法研究

研究了图像去除噪声问题.图像中噪声经常会影响图像的清晰度,造成图像模糊等.为了更好的去除图像中的噪声,特别是去除图像中细节丰富的区域中的噪声,传统的去噪方法难以完成.为了更好的去除图像噪声,保留图像细节信息,提高图像的清晰度,提出了一种改进的正交小波变换阈值去噪算法,先将噪声的数字图像进行正交小波变换,得到小波系数,然...     

基于变换域的条带噪声去除方法

为解决线扫描图像中的条带噪声干扰问题,提出了傅里叶变换与小波分解相结合的变换域条带噪声去除方法。首先对图像进行多尺度小波分解,将包含条带噪声的小波子带与包含图像信息的小波子带分离;然后对含有条带噪声的小波子带进行傅里叶变换,并对变换系数进行带阻滤波以消除条带噪声。利用实际采集的带有条带噪声的棉花异性纤维图像进行仿真实验,结果表明:傅里叶变换与小波分解相结合的方法,去噪效果明显优于单独使用傅里叶变换或小波分解的方法,既能有效地去除图像中的条带噪声,又能较好地保持图像的细节信息。     

基于小波变换的心电采集分析系统设计与实现

针对心电信号微弱和非平稳的特点,采用Ag/AgCl表面心电电极拾取心电信号,设计了心电信号预处理电路,并在LABVIEW环境下开发了心电信号小波滤波与心电波群检测应用程序;在LabVIEW程序设计过程中采用正交小波变换去除心电的基线漂移,再用非抽样小波变换去除心电信号中的噪声,最后用多尺度小波变换检测心电信号中的心电波群点位;经过实验表明,系统不仅能够有效的采集心电信号,消除信号中的基线漂移和噪声,并且还能找到心电倌号中重要的点位。     

基于小波变换的图像去噪算法的实现

图像的有效去噪是图像信息预处理的关键步骤,该文描述了利用正交小波变换和软阈值方法对数字图像的去噪的实现算法。它主要包含正交小波变换、阈值去噪与小波反变换部分,其中,正交小波反变换是指对包含噪声的数字图像进行正交小波变换,得到小波系数;阈值处理是指对小波系数进行软阈值处理,去除噪声;正交小波反变换是指对去噪后的小波系数进行正交小波反变换,得到去噪图像。此外,为了减少图像边缘失真,进行了滤波处理。     

重复利用噪声信息的图像去噪的研究

该文主要考虑利用图像噪声再生技术来提取图像细节.其思想是利用被滤除的噪声信号进行回收再利用.通过对噪声信号和初步去噪信号进行小渡变换.比较它们的小波系数,当噪声信号的小波系数达到一定的阈值时,将噪声信号的小波系数保留叠加至初步去噪信号的小波系数,然后利用传统的软阈值去噪的方法来进行图像的去噪,从而达到既能够去除噪声,又能保留图像细节的目的.实验证明,该方法较传统的方法在去噪和细节保持上有改进.     

基于新阈值函数和小波分析的数字图像去噪方法

在数字图像处理过程中消除和减弱噪声对信号具有很重要的影响。中值滤波是传统的减少图像噪声,提高图像质量的可行方法。文章研究了中值滤波及其改进算法在图像去噪中的应用,基于小波分析基础理论和数字图像信号的小波变换分解重构原理,通过对小波分解系数选定恰当的阈值并进行阈值量化,基于小波分解后的高低频系数进行信号重构,从而有效去除或降低信号的噪声。本文采取的算法在MATLAB仿真平台进行了验证,结果表明,基于本文提出的阈值函数和小波分析处理方法对图像去噪具有更好的适应性,能够更好的改善数字图像的质量。     

基于小波变换的红外热成像图像处理的无损检测技术

为提高红外热图像技术在无损检测领域的精度,提出运用电磁激励加热待检测物体,研究对亚表层缺陷的检测。首先采集数字图像信号,利用傅里叶变换去除图像中的噪声,并用图像增强算法增加背景与特征间的对比度,再利用基于小波变换的边缘算法提取特征边缘做定量分析,最后通过5组不同的缺陷层样本作实验对比,结果表明基于小波变换边缘提取算子能显著提高亚表面缺陷层的检测精度。     

基于小波阈值算法的中心静脉压信号去噪研究

为去除无创中心静脉压监测仪采集的中心静脉压信号中的噪声,提出了一种基于小波阈值的去噪算法。针对采集过程中出现的基线漂移和高频噪声,通过选取合适的小波基、小波分解层数和阈值方法,对中心静脉压信号进行小波阈值处理,并与经过傅里叶变换和维纳滤波去噪后的结果进行对比。在信噪比、均方根差等评价指标上,小波阈值的效果更好。选择sym3小波基对中心静脉压信号进行6层小波分解,设置硬阈值所得到的效果更好。该算法能够有效去除采集过程中产生的噪声信号,信噪比达到90.1942dB,均方根差接近0,与其他算法相比去噪效果更好。     

光纤温度传感系统中信号去噪方法

针对光纤温度传感系统采集的温度信号噪声较大的问题,分析了温度采集过程中干扰噪声信号的特点、滑动平均滤波和小波变换两种方法对信号去噪的效果.针对采集的温度信号,选择合适的小波去噪方法,并确定了最优的小波基和分级层数,将经过平移滑动滤波算法处理后的温度信号,进一步进行小波去噪处理,并将均方根误差(RMSE)、信噪比(SNR)及去噪信号的平滑度指标R,作为判定去噪效果的依据.实验结果表明:综合去噪算法能够有效去除有用信号中的干扰噪声,在信号无失真的情况下信噪比可以提升10～12 dB.     

基于小波变换的航海雷达图像噪声抑制方法

为了有效抑制海浪图像中的干扰噪声,提出了一种基于小波变换的海浪图像噪声抑制算法。首先,利用小波变换检测出图像边缘获取噪声点的潜在位置;其次,根据海浪图像的直方图分布特性确定闲值,利用该阈值对海面回波信号和噪声进行分离;最后,根据海面回波信号具有形似性的特点,利用噪声邻域内的信号点对已检测出的噪声点进行属性值插值,从而达到滤除噪声的目的。为验证该算法的效果,将本算法与小波域的硬阈值和软阂值去噪算法进行了比较,对比结果显示,算法在海浪图像噪声抑制应用中优于传统算法,可以得到较好的海面回波信号,并且能够满足下一步的海浪分析要求。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.