Use of superhard nonmetallic materials for making machine parts and tools

Translated from Metallurg, Vol. 39, No. 12, pp. 30–31, December, 1995.     

Feasibility of manufacture of hard-alloy parts with variable physicomechanical properties

Summary The results are presented of an investigation into the conditions of preparation of hard-alloy parts whose physicomechanical properties vary along their height. The experimental procedure is described in detail, and full results are given.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 9(45), pp. 37–42, September, 1966.     

The basic concepts of texture investigation in polycrystalline materials

Polycrystalline materials consist of grains which may have different sizes, shapes and arrangements to be observed under the microscope as well as different crystal orientations observed by diffraction methods. The orientation parameters of the crystallites are subsumed under the term texture. The main textural quantities are the orientation distribution function ODF of the crystallites and the misorientation distribution function MODF of grain- and phase boundaries. Textures are being formed in materials by all kinds of anisotropic solid state processes and they have influence on all kinds of anisotropic material properties. Textures can be measured grain-by-grain or using polycrystal diffraction methods. The appropriate radiations are X-rays, electrons and neutrons. Finally, some examples are given concerning martensitic transformation in FeNi-alloys, shape memory alloys, cross-rolling of Armco-iron, biaxially stretched polyethylene, and HT_c superconductors.