首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
As quotas and the supply of conventional species continue to tighten, there is a need to test the acceptability of many fish species. Seven fish species (albacore tuna, cardinal fish, orange roughy, blue ling, redfish, roundnose grenadier and Greenland halibut) were cooked by the sous vide process (Barriquand Steriflow retort; 20 min/90 °C) in 12 savoury sauces. Sensory results showed that sous-vide-cooked albacore tuna, cardinal fish and blue ling were the most acceptable species and tikka, tomato-and-pesto, arrabbiata and hollandaise the preferred sauces. Greenland halibut and roundnose grenadier were too soft after sous vide cooking. Freezing post sous vide cooking did not influence product quality and gave additional benefits over chilling of an extended shelf life and more flexibility in relation to product safety. The pH of the sauces was in the range 3.96 (cajun) to 5.42 (bearnaise) and mean pH values fell from 4.66 before sous vide cooking to 4.38 after cooking. Sauce colour also became lighter during sous vide cooking of fish portions, as indicated by Hunter Lab colour values. The results of the research have been disseminated to seafood companies and scale-up trials are in progress.  相似文献   

2.
The influences of three different culinary methods: cooking, sous vide and grilling were studied with regards to quality and oral processing characteristics of pork ham. Besides instrumental analysis of color and textural properties of pork ham, sensory panel with 12 trained panelists participated in temporal dominance of sensations, oral processing analysis, boluses collection, particle size distribution analysis, and saliva incorporation. The results revealed that number of chews, mastication time and saliva incorporation are correlated with textural properties and cooking losses. In‐mouth sensation was intertwined with juiciness, fibrousness and firmness depending on the culinary methods. Cooked pork ham showed highest results for hardness and cooking loss. Firmness and fibrousness were dominant sensory attributes. Sous‐vide results show that firmness and juiciness dominated during the first third of consumption time. This corresponds with textural values for lowest values for hardness and cooking, number of chews and total exposure time. Sous‐vide also resulted in lower values for number of chews and total exposure time associated with oral processing.  相似文献   

3.
J. Boateng  M. Verghese  L.T. Walker  S. Ogutu 《LWT》2008,41(9):1541-1547
Dry beans are rich sources of dietary fiber and phytochemicals such as flavonoids and phenolics. In the current study, we determined the effects of two processing methods (soaking and toasting) on total phenolics, flavonoids, proanthocyanidin and antioxidant potential by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) in selected dry beans (red kidney beans (K), black-eyed peas (B), pinto beans (P) and soy beans (S)).Total phenolics (mg/g dwb) expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE), total flavonoids (mg/g dwb) as catechin equivalents (CE) and proanthocyanidin expressed as leucocyanidin equivalent (mg LE/g) ranged from 3.42 to 7.21, 0.61 to 0.84 and 0.51 to 3.13 in raw beans; 3.58 to 6.94, 0.19 to 0.99 and 0.43 to 3.13 in soaked beans and 4.55 to 9.52, 0.23 to1.00 and 0.20 to 3.25 in toasted beans, respectively.FRAP (μg/g) in raw, soaked and toasted dry beans ranged from 0.00097 to 0.00424 while DPPH(T30) (%) ranged from 43.9 to 62.61.Our results indicate that processing methods (soaking and roasting) influenced total phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant contents (DPPH, FRAP) in selected dry beans.  相似文献   

4.
The microbial, physical, sensory and nutritional quality of boiled (vacuum and conventional), steamed, pressure cooked, sous vide, microwaved (sous vide and conventional), deep-fried (vacuum and conventional) and grilled kailan-hybrid broccoli (Bimi®) after cooking was studied. Sous vide microwaving greatly decreased microbial counts, achieving very low psychrophilic and enterobacteria counts (1.1 and 0.2 log CFU g?1, respectively). Vacuum boiling and sous vide reduced the stem broccoli firmness by approximately 54–58 %, reaching a pleasant and moderate softening. Sous vide, grilling and steaming induced the lowest stem colour changes. Generally, all cooking treatments showed a good overall sensory quality. The total phenolic content (1,148 mg CAE kg?1 fw) usually increased after cooking, with microwave and grilled treatments registering the highest increases up to 2-fold. Commonly, the total antioxidant capacity (296.6 mg AAE kg?1 fw) increased after cooking by sous vide, microwaving and frying treatments registering the highest increments, by approximately 3.6-fold. Generally, the cooking process reduced the initial vitamin C content, with vacuum and conventional boiling showing the lowest and highest losses with 27 and 62 %, respectively, while vacuum deep frying preserved the initial value (1,737 mg kg?1 fw). As a main conclusion, the studied grilling and vacuum-based cooking treatments resulted in better microbial quality, colour, stem firmness and sensory quality than the remaining ones. This maintained or even improved the total antioxidant content of the new kailan-hybrid broccoli studied.  相似文献   

5.
In this study different simulated meal-service systems were compared with respect to vitamin B1, B2 and B6 retention, and cooking yield in pork roasts. Initially the roasts were cooked traditionally or sous vide. No significant differences were observed between cooking methods. Further processing included warm-holding, conventional cook-chill, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and sous vide. Compared to retention in the freshly cooked samples, vitamin B2 retention remained unaffected, irrespective of the meal-service system used and storage period. As regards vitamin B1 and vitamin B6, retentions declined significantly, by 14% and 21% respectively during 3 h of warm-holding, and by 11% and 19% respectively after 1 day of storage and subsequent reheating (cook-chill, MAP and sous vide). Vitamin B1 retention declined by an extra 4% during storage for 14 days (sous vide) (not significant) It is concluded that conventional and enhanced meal-service systems produce roasts with similar quality attributes. Adjustment factors of 15% and 20% for vitamin B1 and B6 respectively are suggested, in addition to the losses caused by the initial heat treatment.  相似文献   

6.
The glucosinolates, sulforaphane, vitamin C and lutein content after several industrial cooking methods on the new kailan-hybrid broccoli and their changes during storage for 45 days at 4 °C were studied. Boiling and sous vide induced the highest glucosinolate loss (80%), while low pressure (LP) steaming, microwaving (MW) and sous vide-MW showed the lowest (40%) loss. Glucoraphanin was the most thermostable glucosinolate. Throughout their commercial life, microwaved and grilled samples showed a decrease in total glucosinolates. Generally, myrosinase activity was completely inhibited after cooking with undetected sulforaphane contents. The initial total vitamin C dropped by up to 58% after cooking and progressively decreased during storage, with sous vide-MW (92%) and microwaving (21%) showing the highest and lowest decrements, respectively. LP steaming and microwaving were the best industrial cooking methods for maintaining the glucosinolate and vitamin C contents, and enhancing up to 7.5-fold the initial lutein content.  相似文献   

7.
The following four vegetables; beans (Phaseolus vulgaris var. vulgaris), brinjal (Solanum melongena var. esculentum), knol‐khol (Brassica oleracea var. caulorapa) and radish (Raphanus raphanistrum satvius) were processed either by conventional, pressure or microwave cooking methods and were analysed for their nutritional and sensory profile. Raw samples were used as controls. Microwave cooking resulted in greater moisture loss when compared with vegetables cooked by other methods. The protein, fat, total ash, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and dietary fibre contents of the vegetables did not differ significantly in raw or cooked vegetables. Ascorbic acid was destroyed to the greatest extent by pressure cooking followed by microwave and conventional method. The sensory attributes of cooked vegetables, as evaluated by a paired preference test, revealed that there were no significant differences between cooked radish and knol‐khol but, in the case of beans and brinjal, microwave and conventionally cooked samples were preferred over pressure cooked ones.  相似文献   

8.
There is a variety of different food processing methods, which can be used to prepare ready‐to‐eat foods. However, the need to preserve the freshness and nutritional qualities leads to the application of mild technologies which may be insufficient to inactivate microbial pathogens. In this work, fresh chicory stems were packed under a vacuum in films, which were transparent to microwaves. These were then exposed to microwaves for different periods of time. The application of sous vide microwave cooking (SV‐MW, 900 W, 2450 MHz), controlled naturally occurring mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds for up to 30 d when vacuum‐packed vegetables were stored at 4 °C. In addition, the process lethality of the SV‐MW 90 s cooking was experimentally validated. This treatment led to 6.07 ± 0.7 and 4.92 ± 0.65 log cfu/g reduction of Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes inoculated over the chicory stems (100 g), respectively. With an initial load of 9 log cfu/g for both pathogens, less than 10 cfu/g of surviving cells were found after 90 s cooking. This shows that short‐time microwave cooking can be used to effectively pasteurize vacuum‐packed chicory stems, achieving >5 log cfu/g reduction of E. coli and L. monocytogenes.  相似文献   

9.
A pilot plant IQB blancher was field tested at a California freezing plant. The system included: a warming and drying preconditioning unit, a steam chamber for single layer belt heating, a deep moving-bed holding chamber for temperature equilibration and enzyme inactivation and an air-water spray cooling unit. IQB with and without preconditioning were compared to conventional, steam blanching at equivalent levels of enzyme inactivation in green beans, lima beans, Brussels sprouts and green peas. Effluent volume and total-solids concentration were measured. Product yields were determined by measuring residual peroxidase activity, chlorophyll conversion and ascorbic acid content as well as by sensory panel testing for color and flavor. Results showed that vegetables blanched with IQB and IQB with preconditioning were essentially the same in quality as those blanched at commercial conditions. Solids loss in the effluent was substantially less with IQB and preconditioning than with conventional steam blanching  相似文献   

10.
The stability of selected fatty acids in a sous vide product containing seal meat (Phoca groenlandica) plus vegetables was examined. The product was processed at five time/temperature combinations. In addition to pasteurized and nonpasteurized products, a conventionally heated (about 100°C) product was prepared for comparison. Unsaturated fatty acids constituted 81.3% of the total fatty acids in the nonpasteurized product. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) was 0.9 mg/g and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) was 1.2 mg/g in the nonpasteurized product. EPA was 19% higher and DHA 68% higher in the sample pasteurized at 65°C vs the conventional. Furthermore, pasteurization at lower temperatures retained 22% more EPA and 57% more DHA than pasteurization at higher temperatures.  相似文献   

11.
Sous vide is increasingly used to process convenience foods including ready-meals as it is reputed to give superior quality because of the mild process and the absence of oxygen in the pack. The potential for temperature abuse is greater for sous vide ready-meals than for sous vide catered items as the distribution and retailing chain for the former is usually longer. Freezing sous vide foods is, therefore, a potentially safer alternative to sous vide processed foods followed by chilling. The objective of the current study was to investigate production of sous vide frozen sliced (discs) carrots, with similar quality to sous vide chilled product. Sensory trials were used to determine the acceptable shear texture range (1.0–2.8 kN) for steamed carrots and this was the target texture in the processing trials. A Barriquand Steriflow retort was used for sous vide processing and the optimized conditions using carrot discs were: low temperature blanch (50 °C/30 min; firms product); blanch (90 °C/3 min; inactivates enzymes); sous vide cook (90 °C to core P9010 values > 4 min and < 6 min); blast freeze (? 35 °C/2 h); and store (? 25 °C). Carrot discs prepared from untreated raw carrots had a firmer texture than those prepared from either blanched or blanched and frozen material. Freezing post-sous vide cooking softened texture in comparison with chilling, but freezing rate (nitrogen; blast; cabinet methods) and frozen storage (9 months) had a minimal effect on product texture and quality. Scanning electron microscopy showed no significant structural differences between sous vide frozen and chilled carrots of similar shear values. Paired comparison sensory testing of sous vide frozen and chilled sliced carrots indicated a significant preference for the latter at the 20-day storage date.Industrial relevance: The trials dealt with the effects of freezing on the quality of sous vide processed carrots. This is of relevance to companies who wish to produce texturally acceptable sous vide frozen or chilled components as part of ready-meals.  相似文献   

12.
In this paper, physico‐chemical and structural properties of cut and cooked purple‐flesh potato, green bean pods, and carrots have been studied. Three different cooking methods have been applied: traditional cooking (boiling water at 100 °C), cook‐vide (at 80 and 90 °C) and sous‐vide (at 80 °C and 90 °C). Similar firmness was obtained in potato applying the same cooking time using traditional cooking (100 °C), and cook‐vide and sous‐vide at 90 °C, while in green beans and carrots the application of the sous‐vide (90 °C) required longer cooking times than cook‐vide (90 °C) and traditional cooking (100 °C). Losses in anthocyanins (for purple‐flesh potatoes) and ascorbic acid (for green beans) were higher applying traditional cooking. β‐Carotene extraction increased in carrots with traditional cooking and cook‐vide (P < 0.05). Cryo‐SEM micrographs suggested higher swelling pressure of starch in potatoes cells cooked in contact with water, such as traditional cooking and cook‐vide. Traditional cooking was the most aggressive treatment in green beans because the secondary walls were reduced compared with sous‐vide and cook‐vide. Sous‐vide preserved organelles in the carrot cells, which could explain the lower extraction of β‐carotene compared with cook‐vide and traditional cooking. Sous‐vide cooking of purple‐flesh potato is recommended to maintain its high anthocyanin content. Traditional boiling could be recommended for carrots because increase β‐carotenes availability. For green beans, cook‐vide, and sous‐vide provided products with higher ascorbic acid content.  相似文献   

13.
Effect of several thermal treatments and freezing on the antioxidant properties of fresh dates of two cultivars (namely Khalas and Khunaizi) was investigated. Levels of phenolics, total flavonoids and anthocyanins were estimated. Antioxidant activity was measured by ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and deoxyribose assays. Results indicate differential effects of the treatments on the phenolic constituents. Generally, mild treatments and freezing significantly increased the level of total phenolics in both cultivars by 80–180%. All treatments increased in the level of free phenolics in Khalas (between 10% and 540%). In khunaizi, the level of bound phenolic increased in all treatments (9–250%). The level of total flavonoids increased by almost all treatments in both cultivars (33–500%). Most treatments increased the FRAP value in khalas (up to 80%). Significant differences were noticed among the various treatments with regard to DPPH and OH radicals quenching capacities. Results may find applications in food science, food technology and nutrition.  相似文献   

14.
To investigate the relationship between bioactive compounds and antioxidant property, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), individual and total isoflavone content of soymilk and their correlations with oxygen‐radical‐absorbing capacity (ORAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity values were evaluated and compared. Results showed that TPC, TFC, isoflavones (including concentration and profiles) and antioxidation activity significantly varied among ten tested soybean cultivars. Significant correlations were established between DPPH and TFC (= 0.553, < 0.01), DPPH and TPC (= 0.753, < 0.01), FRAP and TFC (= 0.599, < 0.01) and FRAP and TPC (= 0.616, < 0.01). Positive linear correlations were found between subtotal, total isoflavones and ORAC. Unlike other isoflavone monomers, aglycone isoflavones correlated positively with DPPH and FRAP significantly. DPPH well correlated with FRAP, whereas neither DPPH nor FRAP correlated with ORAC. TPC, TFC, individual and total isoflavone values are potentially useful for soymilk antioxidant activity assessment.  相似文献   

15.
The effect of microwave and conventional cooking methods on chlorophyll pigments and colour properties of squash, green beans, peas, leek, broccoli and spinach were studied, by HPLC and colorimetry, respectively. In five of six vegetables, chlorophyll a was found more heat resistant compared with chlorophyll b, except in peas. Chlorophylls in peas were retained to the 80–90%, the highest in all vegetables evaluated. Chlorophylls were retained to 19–100%, depending on the vegetable type and cooking method. Pheophytins increased in all vegetables after cooking. Highest chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b losses were observed in boiled leek while microwaved peas and boiled peas retained the most chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, respectively. Pheophytin a and pheophytin b formation was highest at boiled squash and boiled green beans, which were fifty‐ninefold and twenty‐onefold compared with fresh ones, respectively. Most of the pheophytin formations occurred in boiled and the least in microwaved vegetables. Surface colour changed depending on the type of vegetable and cooking method.  相似文献   

16.
研究了萌发过程对黑芸豆、奶花芸豆、紫花芸豆中多酚、黄酮含量及抗氧活性的影响,并对多酚、黄酮含量及抗氧化能力做了相关性分析。结果表明:三种芸豆萌发(06 d)后多酚、黄酮含量及抗氧化活性较未萌发的均显著降低(p<0.05)。且浸泡损失的多酚、黄酮高于萌发期间;黑芸豆萌发6 d后多酚、黄酮含量可能由于内切酶的作用开始增加。萌发期间,三种芸豆的DPPH·清除能力(DPPH)、ABTS+·清除能力(ABTS)、铁离子还原抗氧化能力(FRAP)、氧化自由基吸收能力(ORAC)均有降低趋势。多酚、黄酮含量与抗氧化能力极显著相关(p<0.01),且多酚与ABTS值的相关性最高(r=0.955)。此外,黑芸豆的抗氧化能力萌发4 d后开始增加,萌发6 d时黑芸豆和奶花芸豆的ORAC值高于0 d。合适的萌发条件能更好的保留芸豆的生物活性物质。   相似文献   

17.
沈月  高美须  杨丽  赵鑫  陈雪  王志东  李淑荣  王丽 《食品科学》2017,38(11):262-268
本实验通过测定同一烹调成熟度下我国主要烹调方式及模拟餐饮冷藏配送过程中青椒营养品质和亚硝酸盐含量的变化,确定青椒最佳冷藏配送时间以及准确评估我国居民营养素的摄入量。以青椒为原料,以硬度作为烹调成熟度的统一标准,以传统烹调方式炒制、蒸制、煮制、微波为烹调方法,研究青椒在烹调后及模拟4℃冷藏配送0、1、4、8、12、24 h复热青椒的营养品质及亚硝酸含量变化。结果表明:烹调使VC含量显著降低,烹调后其真实保存率为76.3%~84.0%;总酚含量和抗氧化活性烹调后显著增加,总酚含量的真实保存率、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除能力的真实保存率、铁离子还原能力的真实保存率分别为97.7%~130.6%、156.76%~203.79%、156.94%~172.53%;除煮制使青椒可溶性固形物含量显著降低22.06%,其他几种烹调方式可以很好地保存可溶性固形物。烹调还会使亚硝酸盐含量显著降低6%~18%,更利于人体健康。在统一烹调标准下,不同烹调方式对VC含量影响无显著差异,炒制较其他几种方式相比能更多地增加总酚含量,蒸制和煮制能更多地增加抗氧化活性,煮制可以更多地减少亚硝酸盐的含量。综合而言,蒸制处理的青椒能更好地保持青椒的营养品质,且显著降低亚硝酸盐含量,更利于人体健康,建议对青椒的食用以蒸制处理后食用为好。在24 h模拟配送过程中,烹调青椒的营养品质呈下降趋势,亚硝酸盐含量呈缓慢上升趋势;蒸制和微波处理的青椒品质变化相对缓慢,更适宜作为模拟冷配送的前处理过程;营养物质在前8 h内快速下降,亚硝酸盐含量在模拟配送24 h显著增加,建议以青椒为原料的餐饮冷藏配送时间不宜超过24 h,且应在前8 h内采取保护措施。  相似文献   

18.
《食品工业科技》2013,(01):133-136
目的:探索几种常见果蔬的抗氧化活性与多酚、维生素C的相关关系。方法:运用二苯代苦味酰基自由基法(DPPH法)、硫代巴比妥酸反应物法(ABTS法)、血浆高铁还原能力分析能力(FRAP法)、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基5种抗氧化方法评价10种常见果蔬的抗氧化活性,并采用Folin-Ciocalteu法和2,4-二硝基苯肼法分别测定了果蔬中多酚和VC的含量,并对多酚、VC的含量与抗氧化活性进行相关性分析。结果:DPPH、ABTS、FRAP、超氧阴离子、羟自由基抗氧化活性最强的依次为豆角、豆角、橘子、香蕉、橘子,最弱的依次为西瓜、西瓜、西瓜、胡萝卜、卷心菜。DPPH、ABTS和FRAP测定果蔬粗提液抗氧化活性与多酚的含量的相关性强于VC。结论:多酚的含量对果蔬抗氧化活性的影响强于VC。   相似文献   

19.
The effects of induction boiling, conventional boiling and microwave steaming on the sensory qualities and carotenoid retention of broccoli, carrots, green beans and sweet potatoes were investigated. Significantly higher cooking yields were obtained for vegetables that were induction and conventionally boiled. No differences in the retentions of alpha‐carotene (α‐carotene), beta‐carotene (β‐carotene) and lutein/zeaxanthin were observed for vegetables by the cooking method, with the exception of β‐carotene retention in broccoli and sweet potatoes where retentions were higher for those that were induction boiled (90.3 and 86.1%, respectively) than those that were microwave steamed (62.2 and 66.4%, respectively). A trained panel judged the color scores of three vegetables by the cooking method as similar. The mean flavor scores (1 = extremely bland; 9 = extremely intense) for three vegetables that were conventional (4.7–5.4) and induction (5.3–5.5) boiled were lower than those that were microwave steamed (5.9–7.0). The mean texture scores (1 = extremely mushy/tender; 9 = extremely firm/tough) for all induction‐boiled (5.0–6.0) vegetables were higher than those that were conventionally boiled (3.4–5.2) and lower than those that were microwave steamed (5.1–6.6).  相似文献   

20.

ABSTRACT

The effect of pomace type and level of inclusion on the quality and rheological characteristics of sous‐vide processed apple puree (Bramley's Seedling) was evaluated. Purees containing apple (Shampion freeze‐dried, Shampion, Ariwa) and blackcurrant pomaces, at inclusion levels of 0, 2.5 and 5% w/w, were processed by sous‐vide (P90 > 10 min). Reductions in L* color values (P < 0.001) were observed in pomace type and inclusion level. Shampion pomace had the highest (P < 0.001) sensory acceptability (3.63) of the pomaces (control 4.21). Both pomace type and increasing pomace inclusions influenced (P < 0.001) rheological properties. This was supported by texture analysis, i.e., increase (P < 0.001) in extruded force with increasing pomace inclusion. The best performing pomace (Shampion) was included in sous‐vide purees at eight levels (0, 2.5, 5, 6, 7.5, 9, 10 and 12.5%, w/w). The highest pomace inclusion gave the firmest purees without affecting color. Sensory data indicated that purees with up to 7.5% w/w pomace were acceptable.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Research has concluded that consumption of fruits and vegetables in Europe is substantially below World Health Organization guidelines (<400–600 g/day). As fruits are a significant source of fiber, it is important that their intake is maintained as part of a healthy diet. Providing a choice of fresh and minimally processed fruit products is the key to increasing consumption. Following the success of ready‐meals, the expectation for similar retail success exists for ready‐desserts. This study focused on assessing the effect of pomace inclusions on the quality parameters of sous‐vide processed Bramley's Seedling apple purees. The development of these products would benefit both consumers (health) and processors (cost‐effective way of adding value) alike. Inclusions of pomaces had significant effects on color, sensory and rheological parameters of apple purees. These outcomes may be of benefit to the food industry to develop better products.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号