含硫酸盐还原菌土壤中阴极保护对Q235钢腐蚀的影响

利用交流阻抗测试技术、扫描电镜及表面能谱、微生物分析等方法，研究了阴极保护对土壤中Q235钢硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀的影响.30天的实验结果表明，在相同的阴极极化电位下，有菌土壤中Q235钢所需要的阴极极化电流密度均大于灭菌土壤，有菌土壤中Q235钢的平均腐蚀速率均大于灭菌土壤.随着阴极极化电位负移的增大，有菌及灭菌土壤中Q235钢试件周围土壤逐渐呈碱性，有菌土壤中Q235钢试件周围土壤中硫酸盐还原菌数量逐渐减少，当阴极极化电位为-1050 mV时，Q235钢试件周围土壤中硫酸盐还原菌仍能够存活.     

Cl^-与SO4^2-土壤中硫酸盐还原菌对碳钢腐蚀的影响

根据碳钢在分别添加了Cl-、SO42-和Cl- SO42-的土壤中接菌与灭菌两种条件时的电化学阻抗谱特征,研究了硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)对碳钢腐蚀的影响.试验结果表明,三种盐分土壤中SRB均加速了碳钢的腐蚀速度.当Cl-灭菌土壤中添加SO42-时,26天后碳钢腐蚀速度显著增加;当SO42-灭菌土壤中添加Cl-时,碳钢腐蚀速度减小.     

The hydrogen permeation investigation of API X56 steel in sea mud

It was found that the corrosion rate of steel in the sea mud with sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) could be as high as 10 times of that in the sea mud without SRB. And the hydrogen permeation reaction would occur when metals were corroded. So it is necessary to investigate the effect of living SRB on hydrogen permeation in the sea mud. Cathodic potential was often added to metals in order to protect them. But hydrogen permeation could be affected by the cathodic potential. So it is also necessary to study the effect of cathodic potential on hydrogen permeation. In this paper, the hydrogen permeation actions of API X56 steel in the sea mud with and without SRB at corrosion and cathodic potential were studied with an improved Devanathan‐Stachurski's electrolytic cell. Experimental results showed that during the growth of SRB, the current density curve of hydrogen permeation was accordant with the growth curve of SRB. But the hydrogen permeation current density of API X56 steel hardly changed in the sterilized sea mud. Compared with the hydrogen permeation current density of API X56 steel in the sterilized sea mud, the hydrogen permeation of API X56 steel in the sea mud could be accelerated by living SRB. Experimental results also showed that the hydrogen permeation current density increased rapidly when the cathodic potential was added to the three‐electrode system of the cathodic cell, and then the hydrogen permeation current density could obtain a stable value slowly. So the cathodic potential added to the cathodic cell could accelerate hydrogen permeation.     

SRB对X70管线钢在污染土壤中腐蚀行为的影响

利用极化曲线、交流阻抗、扫描电镜等方法,研究了X70管线钢在沈阳污染土壤中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,在接菌SRB的污染土中X70管线钢的腐蚀速率更高,且用肉眼可以看到去除腐蚀产物的X70钢的表面出现点蚀的痕迹.在接菌SRB和未接菌时X70管线钢在污染土中的交流阻抗谱图均表现为单一的容抗弧.     

微生物对Q235钢在黄壤土中腐蚀行为的影响

利用电化学阻抗(EIS)、极化曲线、扫描电镜(SEM)和表面能谱(EDS)等测试方法,研究了微生物对Q235钢在黄壤土中腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:微生物加速了Q235钢在黄壤土中的腐蚀;试样在接菌和灭菌黄壤土中的电化学阻抗谱均为单容抗孤,在接菌土壤中发生了阴极去极化,其腐蚀速率高于在灭菌土壤中的腐蚀速率;随着腐蚀的进行...     

土壤湿度变化对Q235钢的硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀影响

利用交流阻抗测试技术、极化曲线、扫描电镜及表面能谱、微生物分析等方法,研究了在土壤水分的自然蒸发过程中,Q235钢在接菌及灭菌土壤中腐蚀行为.40 d的试验结果表明,随着土壤中水分的自然蒸发,土壤中含氧量随土壤湿度降低而增大,土壤中硫酸盐还原菌逐渐减少,接菌及灭菌土壤中Q235钢的腐蚀速率逐渐增大,其中在接菌土壤中的腐蚀速率增幅更大.     

Corrosion failure of marine steel in sea‐mud containing sulfate reducing bacteria

The corrosion failure behavior of marine steel is affected by stress, which exists in offshore structures at sea‐mud region. The sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) in the sea‐mud made the steel more sensitive to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and weaken the corrosion fatigue endurance. In this paper, a kind of natural sea‐mud containing SRB was collected. Both SCC tests by slow strain rate technique and corrosion fatigue tests were performed on a kind of selected steel in sea‐mud with and without SRB at corrosion and cathodic potentials. After this, the electrochemical response of static and cyclic stress of the specimen with and without cracks in sea‐mud was analyzed in order to explain the failure mechanism. Hydrogen permeation tests were also performed in the sea‐mud at corrosion and cathodic potentials. It is concluded that the effect of SRB on environment sensitive fracture maybe explained as the consequences of the acceleration of SRB on corrosion rate and hydrogen entry into the metal.     

不同湿度土壤中硫酸盐还原菌对碳钢腐蚀的影响

利用微生物分析、失重法、交流阻抗测试技术、扫描电镜及表面能谱等方法，研究了在不同湿度的同一种土壤中，硫酸盐还原菌对碳钢腐蚀的影响规律。结果表明，土壤湿度对菌类生长的影响是显著的，硫酸盐还在菌随着湿度的提高呈递增趋势；在相同的湿度下，接菌土壤中A3钢腐蚀速率和点蚀深度都明显大于灭菌土壤，说明硫酸盐还原菌加速了A3钢在土壤的中的腐蚀；随着含水量的增大，A3钢腐蚀速率首先增大，当土壤含水量增大到15%－20%，腐蚀速率达到最大，然后腐蚀速率随着湿度增大而趋于减小；最大腐蚀深度出现在土壤含水量为15%左右时。　 碳钢 土壤湿度 硫酸盐还原菌 微生物腐蚀     

土壤中SRB及Cl-对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢腐蚀的相互影响

利用交流阻抗测试技术、扫描电镜及表面能谱、失重法、微生物分析等方法 ,研究了在不同Cl-含量的土壤中 ,硫酸盐还原菌对 1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢腐蚀的影响规律 .13 6d的试验结果表明 ,不同Cl-含量土壤中SRB菌量在2 3 0 0 0～ 3 5 0 0 0 (个 /克土 )之间 ,Cl-的加入并没有显著影响SRB的生长 ,随着Cl-的加入土壤中SRB的菌量有增大的趋势 ;随着土壤中Cl-含量的增大 ,不锈钢腐蚀电位负偏移 ,而且在接菌土壤中的腐蚀电位比在灭菌土壤中负移幅度更大 ;不锈钢在灭菌土壤中没有发生点蚀现象 ,而在接菌土壤中发生了严重的点蚀 ,最大点蚀深度随着土壤中Cl-含量的增加而增大 ,这说明在土壤中SRB及Cl-的共同作用下 ,增大了不锈钢的点蚀敏感性 .不锈钢在灭菌土壤中的阻抗图谱表现为一个半径很大的容抗弧 ,而在接菌土壤中的阻抗图表现为两个时间常数的双容抗弧     

硫酸盐还原菌对Q235钢缝隙腐蚀行为影响

应用矩形缝隙模拟装置,研究Q235钢在土壤浸出液中有无硫酸盐还原菌条件下,缝隙厚度为0.5mm时的缝隙腐蚀行为。电化学阻抗谱测试结果表明,随着实验时间的延长,Q235钢在有菌溶液中的容抗弧半径小于相同时期在无菌溶液中的容抗弧;Q235钢在有菌溶液中的腐蚀速率大于无菌溶液。硫酸盐还原菌促进了Q235钢在溶液中的腐蚀。同一时期,随着缝口距离的增加,有菌溶液及无菌溶液中的容抗弧都先增大后减小,其中在有菌溶液中的容抗弧较小,腐蚀速率比无菌溶液中的大。     

A3钢在海泥中的腐蚀行为

对A3钢在模拟海泥环境中进行了埋片试验和电化学试验,以研究海底管道在含硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)海泥中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,A3钢在砂泥中的腐蚀速率明显高于在海砂中的腐蚀速率,随温度的升高,A3钢在海砂中的腐蚀速率升高;且随温度的升高、SRB和SO42-含量的增加,A3钢在砂泥中的腐蚀速率随之升高;在无菌海泥中A3钢的腐蚀速率随温度升高而增大,主要是由于作为阴极去极化剂的氧的扩散速度随温度升高而增大;在有菌海泥中SO42-能参与阴极去极化而加速A3钢的腐蚀.     

海泥中硫酸盐还原菌对碳钢腐蚀行为的影响

利用交流阻抗测试技术、扫描电镜及表面能谱、失重 法、微生物分析等方法，在室内模拟条件下研究了海泥中硫酸盐还原菌对碳钢腐蚀的影响，及在含和不含硫酸盐还原菌的海泥构成的宏电池腐蚀中碳钢的腐蚀行为.180天的试验结果表明，在有菌泥中碳钢的自然腐蚀速度均大于在灭菌泥中，两者相差35倍.说明海泥中硫酸盐还原菌增大了碳钢的腐蚀速率.在有菌和灭菌海泥构成宏电池时，有菌海泥中碳钢作为阳极，腐蚀速率比自然腐蚀状态下有所增大，加速率为119%.而在灭菌海泥中碳钢作为阴极，腐蚀速率比自然腐蚀状态下有所减小.     

Effect of cathodic polarization and sulfate reducing bacteria on mechanical properties of different steels in synthetic sea water

At the slow strain rate tensile tests done using the specially designed facility, the decrease in the elongation to fracture, reduction of area, fracture energy and no effect on the strength have been stated for the low alloy ferrite‐pearlite and sorbite steels, polarized in synthetic sea water at potentials corresponding to the cathodic protection (? 800 to ? 1400 mV_SCE). Presence of SRB promotes the plasticity loss, being especially pronounced at potentials ? 1100 to ? 1200 mV_SCE. At higher cathodic polarization, the plasticity estimated in inoculated and in sterile water equalizes. The effects have been correlated with the contents of absorbed and of permeable hydrogen. The promotion of hydrogen charging and the plasticity loss by SRB at the low and medium applied cathodic polarization has been accounted for the observed production of S^?2 ions and inhibition of deposit formation. The negligible effect of SRB at the high cathodic polarization has been suggested to be a result of the suppression the SRB growth due to the high alkalization of the near surface solution. The same amount of hydrogen produces the less detrimental effect on the sorbite than on the ferrite‐pearlite steel. However, at the similar cathodic polarization, the sorbite steel absorbs the highest amount of hydrogen and reveals the most pronounced degradation. Cathodic protection of constructions subjected to the action of SRB in the sea water should provide the conditions, under which no fragment of marine construction could be polarized by potential corresponding to the maximum degradation of the plastic properties of steels (? 1100 to ? 1200 mV_SCE).     

外加电位下X80双相管线钢在模拟沿海土壤环境中的应力腐蚀行为

采用交流阻抗谱、极化试验、慢应变拉伸试验研究了不同外加电位下在模拟沿海土壤环境中X80双相管线钢的应力腐蚀行为,对拉伸断口和极化后试样进行SEM表面形貌及能谱分析。结果表明,与慢扫极化(模拟的非裂尖区域)相比,X80双相管线钢快扫极化模拟的裂尖腐蚀电位较负且腐蚀电流较大。-750 mV外加阴极电位处于裂尖自腐蚀电位范围,不足以起到阴极保护的作用,对应力腐蚀仍十分敏感。外加电位为-1050 mV时,阴极反应速率显著大于阳极反应,阴极反应产生的氢被金属吸收且扩散,慢应变拉伸未经颈缩即发生断裂,为准解理断裂。外加阴极电位为-900 mV,阴极电流有效抑制了阳极溶解反应,因此管线钢在模拟沿海土壤溶液中慢应变拉伸抗拉强度和断面收缩率都最高,断口表现为韧性断裂,侧面裂纹细小,阻抗模值最大,应力腐蚀敏感性最小。     

在不同Cl-含量土壤中硫酸盐还原菌对Q235钢腐蚀的影响

利用交流阻抗测试技术、扫描电镜及表面能谱分析、失重法、微生物分析等方法，研究了在同一类型不同Cl-含量的土壤中，硫酸盐还原菌对Q235钢腐蚀的影响规律.136天的试验结果表明：随着土壤中Cl-含量的增大，Q235钢腐蚀速率也增大，当Cl-含量增大到0.5%时，腐蚀速率达到最大；随后腐蚀速率随着土壤中Cl-含量的增大而减小，当土壤中Cl-含量高于1%时，接菌土壤与灭菌土壤中Q235钢腐蚀速率相差不大.在土壤中Cl-含量低于1%时，接菌土壤中Q235钢腐蚀速率明显大于灭菌土壤的腐蚀速率；点蚀速率在不同Cl-含量的土壤中的变化规律与腐蚀速率的变化有所不同，点蚀速率基本随着土壤中Cl-含量的增加而增大.而且接菌土壤中的点蚀速率大于灭菌土壤的点蚀速率. TG174.5  硫酸盐还原菌； 含Cl-土壤； Q235钢； 微生物腐蚀 2003-01-13 2003-05-08     

Effects of alternating current interference on cathodic protection potential and its effectiveness for corrosion protection of pipelines

In this work, the effect of alternating current (AC) interference on cathodic protection (CP) potential on a X65 steel in a near-neutral pH bicarbonate solution was investigated, and the CP performance under AC was evaluated by weight-loss measurements. The CP potential applied on the steel cannot be maintained in the presence of AC interference. The shift of the CP potential depends on the applied CP level and AC current density. No matter if the direct current potential of the steel is shifted negatively or positively upon application of AC, the steel suffers from increased corrosion. The AC decreases the effectiveness of CP for corrosion protection. The CP standard at ?0.850?V (copper sulphate electrode) that does not consider the AC interference is not appropriate for AC corrosion protection.     

Effect of alternating current on cathodic protection on pipelines

In this work, the effects of alternating current (AC) on the performance of cathodic protection (CP) and the CP potential readings were investigated on a 16Mn pipeline steel in a simulated soil solution. The presence of AC interference decreases the CP effectiveness to protect the steel from corrosion. Only when CP potential is sufficiently negative, the steel is under a complete protection even when the AC current density is 400 A/m². Moreover, the AC would shift CP potential from the designed value. The effect of AC on the CP performance depends on the cathodic potential applied on the steel.     

Cathodic protection of XL 52 steel under the influence of sulfate reducing bacteria

The effect of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) upon the cathodic protection of XL 52 steel was determined, in order to identify if the potential value of ?0.950 V versus copper/copper sulfate electrode is good enough to protect the metal surface. During the experiments, different operational parameters were monitored: hydrogen sulfide production, iron concentration, electrolyte alkalinity, microorganisms' population, as well as the metal surface damage. At the same time, the corrosion rate was determined using two electrochemical techniques: polarization resistance (PR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). According to the results, it was observed that the protection potential of ?0.950 V versus copper/copper sulfate electrode is not enough to control the microbiologically induced corrosion. This situation is reinforced by the fact that significant iron concentration was found in the electrolyte. The microbiological activity is not affected by the protection potential. On the contrary, the population growth is slightly strengthened. The alkalinity generated by the applied potential did not stop the SRB growth. A type of localized corrosion was developed during the experiments with microorganisms, even when the protection potential was applied to the system.     

The effect of cathodic polarization on the corrosion behavior of X65 steel in seawater containing sulfate-reducing bacteria

Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are one of the main reasons for the accelerated corrosion of steel. Cathodic polarization has been reported as an effective and economic method against marine corrosion, including microbiologically induced corrosion. However, the interaction between cathodic polarization and microbial activity has not been well defined. In this study, a fluorine-doped tin oxide electrode is used to study the effect of cathodic current on SRB cells. Fluorescence microscopy results clearly show that the attachment degree of SRB is dependent on the electric quantity and current intensity. The large electric quantity and high cathodic current (400 mA/m² × 30 h) can effectively inhibit bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation. Furthermore, the effect of cathodic potential on the corrosion behavior of X65 steel in the presence of SRB is systematically investigated. Results show that the impressed charges, the increase of pH, and the formation of calcareous deposits on the electrode surface at the cathodic potential of −1,050 mV/SCE inhibit the attachment of SRB. In turn, the presence of SRB also interferes with the electrochemical reactions that occur during the polarization process, thus increasing the cathodic current. The interaction between SRB-induced corrosion and the process of preventing corrosion by various cathodic potentials is discussed.     

SRB 对 X70 钢在土壤模拟溶液中腐蚀行为的影响

采用失重法、SEM、EDS微观分析方法和电化学阻抗技术研究了X70钢在有/无SRB的侵蚀性土壤模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,在无菌介质中,X70钢表面生成不具有保护性的腐蚀产物,其腐蚀速率随浸泡时间的延长而增大;在有菌介质中,钢表面形成致密的生物膜,对界面传质有一定的阻碍作用,从而减轻X70钢的腐蚀。腐蚀产物的吸附及S含量随浸泡时间的延长而增加,使得腐蚀产物膜疏松易脱落,促进了基体的腐蚀。无菌介质中腐蚀产物内层的稳定性与腐蚀产物的沉积及分布有关;而在有菌介质中,多孔的胞外聚合物对活化过程中的质量传输过程有一定阻碍作用。