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杀虫杀螨剂研究开发的新进展 总被引:9,自引:10,他引:9
概述了1998年以来国内外杀虫杀螨剂开发的新进展。介绍了甲氧基丙烯酸酯类、季酮酸类(tetronic acid)、拟除虫菊酯类、苯甲酰脲类、双酰肼类、新烟碱类、吡唑类、嘧啶类等9类杀虫杀螨剂共30多个品种。并对其生物活性做了简要介绍。 相似文献
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概述了HPPD抑制剂类除草剂、其他PPO抑制剂类除草剂、双酰胺类杀虫剂、新烟碱类杀虫剂、SDHI类杀菌剂等五大类农药热点产品的市场概况、主要品种、研发产品及前景展望。 相似文献
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《精细与专用化学品》2015,(11)
高性能防腐涂料主要用于钢和混凝土的防腐保护,全球年消费量超过20万t,市场年销售额约为13亿美元。介绍了环氧树脂类涂料、醇酸树脂类涂料、聚氨酯类涂料、丙烯酸类涂料、富锌类涂料、有机硅类涂料、乙烯基类涂料、氯化橡胶类高性能防腐涂料,并简介了5家世界主要高性能防腐涂料生产公司。 相似文献
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Zi-Wei Yang Xiao-Na Duan Shan Jin Xi-Wang Li Zong-Mao Chen Bing-Zhong Ren Xiao-Ling Sun 《Journal of chemical ecology》2013,39(6):744-751
Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) have been reported to play an important role in protecting plants from attack by herbivores. However, little is known about their role in tea. Here, we investigated the effect of PPOs on interactions between tea plants and the tea geometrid Ectropis obliqua, one of the most important insect pests of tea. Jasmonic acid (JA) treatment resulted in increases in PPO activity, and the effect of JA was dose dependent. Ectropis obliqua caterpillars grew and developed more slowly on JA-treated tea plants than on control plants, and larval weight gains depended on the JA dosage. Artificial diet complemented with PPOs reduced the growth and survival rate of E. obliqua caterpillars, and there was a negative relationship between PPO level and larval growth and survival. Unlike mechanical wounding, which is an effective inducer of tea plant PPO activity, wounding plus the herbivore regurgitant or herbivore infestation suppressed the wound-induced PPO activities, especially at 4 days after treatment. These results suggest that PPOs are an important anti-herbivore factor in tea plants, defending them against E. obliqua larvae, and that E. obliqua larvae have evolved to elude the tea plant’s defense by inhibiting the production of PPOs. 相似文献
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木霉菌与化学农药相互关系的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
农药的广泛应用所产生的残留问题,可通过其他防治方法如生物防治加以减轻。木霉菌是一种重要的生防菌,主要对土传病害有一定的防治效果。探讨了木霉菌与化学农药相互关系的研究进展,重点强调了在常用化学农药对木霉菌无明显毒性影响的前提下,木霉菌与化学农药对病原菌或病害的协同治疗作用。另外就化学农药对木霉菌的抑制作用和真菌木霉对化学农药的降解等方面做了简要的讨论。 相似文献
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[目的]筛选适于防治秋白菜田鳞翅目害虫的生物杀虫剂,并建立秋白菜全生育期防治鳞翅目害虫减药增效防治技术。[方法]试验选用4种化学农药和6种生物源杀虫剂,评价不同处理在田间对3种主要鳞翅目害虫的防治效果。[结果]筛选出7种药剂,药后10 d对鳞翅目害虫平均防效为64.55%~90.54%,防效由高到低依次为2.4%甲维·苏云金SC、60 g/L乙基多杀菌素SC、10%虫螨腈SC、20%氯虫苯甲酰胺SC、80亿个孢子/mL金龟子绿僵菌CQAMa421 OD+100亿孢子/mL短稳杆菌SC药剂组合、10%溴氰虫酰胺OD、32000 IU/g苏云金杆菌WP。将上述7种药剂科学搭配后,建立了秋白菜全生育期防治鳞翅目害虫减药增效技术,秋白菜全生育期对3种鳞翅目害虫的防效可达91.67%,化学农药减施36.91%。[结论]生物源杀虫剂对鳞翅目害虫防治效果与化学药剂相当或更高,在秋白菜田间应用2.4%甲维·苏云金SC等生物源杀虫剂,可以减少化学农药使用,而且符合当地农民用药习惯,可在生产中推广使用。 相似文献
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植物病害化学防治的新思路 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在病原物-寄主的互作关系中,利用和发挥化学药剂抑制病原物的生长、繁殖和侵染以及诱导寄主抗病性的协同作用,控制病害的发生流行,可以为植物病害化学防治的新途径。 相似文献
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农药和化学防治法前景广阔 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
本文就化学农药所面临的舆论方面的挑战进行了分析,对化学与生命科学,化学农药 生态平衡,以及生物农药和化学农药的关系等问题作了论述,并从近几十年来学的研究,高效安全性农药的发展,新型化学农药的分子水平研究开发技术以及农药应用工艺滨 长足进步等方面指出,农药和化学防治技术仍将继续发展进步,前景广阔。 相似文献
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在某化工装置中,由于介质的腐蚀性,奥氏体不锈钢应用较多,以此装置中的高压吸收塔和喷淋冷却塔为例,针对目前化工装置中奥氏体不锈铜设备的设计现状,从选材和结构设计方面进行分析,根据TSG R0004—2009《固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程》对压力容器设计提出的基本节能降耗要求的理念,提出优化设计方案,合理使用奥氏体不锈钢材料及不锈钢-铜复合板材料,选择合适的外压设计计算方法,设计符合当前节能减排降耗基本国策要求的产品。 相似文献
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R. Frank 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1982,59(11):894A-900A
Summary Following World War II and the movement of people from the rural to the urban environment, producers of food have become increasingly
dependent on organic chemical substances to control pests affecting the production of food. Because of scientific evidence
and public concern, constant changes have occurred in the types of pesticides being used over the last three decades.
The persistent organochlorines which accumulated in fats and oils were removed in the early 1970s. Since that time, residues
in animal fats and plant oils have declined markedly and almost disappeared in most cases. No early evidence was found in
Ontario that these compounds accumulated in plant oils and so no indepth study was undertaken.
With the threat of biological resistance ever looming larger, Integrated Pest Management programs have been investigated and
are being implemented to reduce the dependence on chemical pesticides. Current pesticides rarely appear in oil and fats and
those that do are controlled below the MRL by following the days to slaughter for livestock and the days to harvest for crops.
In general, pesticide residues in fats and oils produced in the Province of Ontario have declined during the last decade and
are continuing to decline. Monitoring for all pesticide residues will continue to ensure that this state of affairs is maintained.
Presented at the AOCS meeting, Toronto, May 1982. 相似文献
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中国蔬菜害虫的发生与防治技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文对我国蔬菜害虫种类、分布、为害等梗概情况作了简要叙述,并就我国目前应用农业措施、害虫趋性、有益生物、非化学合成杀虫剂和新型化学农药防治害虫技术进行较全面介绍,还指出了当前蔬菜害虫防治中有关问题。 相似文献