联合选择特征和分类器参数模型的模拟电路故障诊断

为了提高模拟电路故障诊断准确率,提出一种联合选择特征选和分类器参数模型的模拟电路故障诊断方法（Feature-Classifier）。将模拟电路故障特征子集和分类器参数编码成为粒子,然后粒子根据目标函数通过信息交流和互相协作找到最优特征子集和分类器参数,并根据最优特征子集对样本进行约简;分类器根据最优参数对约简后样本进行训练建立模拟电路故障诊断模型,并通过仿真实例对性能进行测试。结果表明,相对于其他模拟电路故障诊断方法,Feature-Classifier能够较快找到最优特征子集与分类器参数,不仅提高了模拟电路故障诊断准确率,并加快了故障诊断速度。     

基于PCA-KNN聚类的通用在线故障诊断算法设计

为了克服以往故障诊断算法所具有的难以诊断效率低、诊断精度不高和模型通用性不强的缺点,提出了一种基于PCA主元分析特征优化和KNN聚类的故障诊断法算法;首先,给出了故障诊断的总体模型和诊断原理,然后在故障征兆原始样本数据的基础上,通过PCA主元分析法进行特征优化,获得维数约简的样本数据,从而提高故障诊断的效率;在此基础上,采用训练样本数据对模糊K均值分类器进行训练,并计算每个聚类的距离和阈值;最后,将在线获取的测试样本数据或离线样本数据输入到模糊K均值分类器,获得其所属分类,并采用KNN最近邻算法来获取其K个近邻,根据其与近邻的距离平方和与所属聚类距离平方阈值来判断其是否为故障样本,从而实现故障诊断;以滚动轴承故障诊断试验和模拟电路故障诊断试验为例,实验结果证明了文中方法较其它方法具有诊断效率高和诊断精度高的优点,是一种通用的和可行的在线故障诊断方法。     

基于改进量子粒子群的K-means聚类算法及其应用

针对传统K-means聚类算法受初始类中心影响导致聚类准确度较低的问题,利用量子粒子群优化算法全局搜索能力强、收敛速度快的优势,提出一种基于改进量子粒子群的K-means聚类算法.为防止量子粒子群优化算法陷入局部极值,采用具有高斯扰动的局部吸引子以提高种群跳出局部最优的能力;为提高算法的收敛速度,采用加权更新种群平均最...     

量子粒子群优化改进的模糊C均值聚类算法

针对模糊C-均值(FCM)聚类算法对初始聚类中心选择敏感,易陷入局部最优的问题,提出一种量子粒子群优化改进的模糊C均值聚类算法。该算法引入的基于新距离标准的量子粒子群(AQPSO)算法不仅可以降低初始点敏感度,较快地收敛到最优解,而且能够提高全局搜索能力。仿真实验证明,该融合算法在摆脱局部最优区域,保证收敛速度同时使得聚类效果较好。     

基于改进模糊聚类和支持向量机的模拟电路故障诊断

为解决神经网络训练需要大量的样本,且容易陷入局部最优,收敛速度慢等缺点,采用改进模糊聚类(IFC)和支持向量机(SVM)相结合的模拟电路故障诊断方法.利用小波分解技术提取待诊断电路的测试信息作为故障特征,在模糊聚类算法中为消除孤立点和噪声的影响,对不同样本点引入权值以提高聚类效果,结合改进的模糊聚类算法进一步降低故障特征的维数,将其作为支持向量机的输入量,进行模型训练并预测模拟电路的故障.仿真结果表明,此方法应用于电路故障诊断有效削减计算复杂度并提高了诊断精度.     

基于粒子群算法优化支持向量机的模拟电路诊断

为了提高支持向量机网络(SVM)进行模拟电路诊断的准确率,提出了一种基于粒子群(PSO)算法和支持向量机的诊断方法。该方法首先对被测电路的响应信号进行多小波变换,通过归一化处理得到分类能力强的最优故障特征;然后用粒子群算法优化支持向量机的结构参数,实现对不同故障模式分类识别。仿真结果表明,此方法能有效提高模拟电路故障诊断准确率。     

一种量子聚类的改进算法

介绍了量子势能、量子力学中粒子的分布机制和量子聚类算法,给出了量子聚类QC算法的物理理论根据,指出了量子聚类算法的优点和不足,提出了一种基于度量距离改变的量子聚类算法DQC,该算法对IRIS样本的聚类准确率比QC算法高出了8个百分点,实验结果证明了该算法的有效性。     

基于多种群量子粒子群优化的属性约简

现代工业发展要求迅速、可靠地实现故障诊断。针对粒子群约简算法易陷入局部最优等问题,提出了一种多种群量子粒子群优化算法（MIQPSO）。该算法对量子粒子群算法进行分群,并通过接种疫苗,指导粒子朝更优化方向进化,提高了量子粒子群的收敛速度和寻优能力。利用UCI相关数据集,通过对Hu算法、粒子群算法、量子粒子群算法、多种群量子粒子群算法的粗糙集属性约简验证,结果表明,基于多种群量子粒子群优化的约简算法具有良好的约简效果。     

改进的模糊聚类特征压缩及其应用

针对模糊聚类特征压缩的特征数目确定问题,提出了一种改进的模糊聚类特征压缩算法.该算法通过引入聚类有效性函数,实现了最优特征数目的自动确定.通过模拟电路故障诊断的仿真实验,验证了算法的有效性.     

基于量子粒子群算法的聚类分析方法

针对K-均值聚类方法受初始聚类中心影响,容易陷入局部最优解的问题,提出一种基于量子粒子群算法的聚类方法,该方法引入了动态调整量子门旋转角和量子变异操作,采用改进的变异算子,使粒子群体保持品种的多样性和优良性,避免陷入局部最优,同时结合粒子群优化算法,增加粒子群的全局搜索能力。仿真实验表明该方法在全局寻优能力和收敛效率上都有所提高。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.