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[目的]研究植物源抗病毒剂20%丁香酚水乳剂对番茄病毒病的田间防治试验。[方法]以番茄病毒病为对象,采用田间小区药效试验的方法检测20%丁香酚水乳剂对其防治效果。[结果]田间药效试验结果表明:20%丁香酚水乳剂135 g a.i./hm2三次药后的防效为89.75%,高于对照药剂,差异显著。[结论]20%丁香酚水乳剂对番茄病毒病效果较好,对作物安全,是防治番茄病毒病的较好杀菌剂。 相似文献
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天然化合物蛇床子素防治草莓白粉病 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
60gg/ml蛇床子素在处理草莓白粉菌24h后完全抑制其分生孢子的萌发。田间小区药效试验表明,1%蛇床子素水乳剂80~125μg/ml对草莓白粉病的防效达68.7%-79.5%,对照药剂10%,苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂100μg/ml防效达72.9%,15%三唑酮可湿性粉剂187.5μg/ml防效仅为45.6%。DMRT分析结果表明,1%蛇床子素水乳剂对草莓门粉病的防效与10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂的防效相当,极显著高于15%三唑酮可湿性粉剂的防效。 相似文献
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[目的]通过比较13种生物源杀菌剂对华重楼灰霉病的防治效果.为华重楼灰霉病的科学防治提供参考。[方法]在室内条件下基于菌丝生长抑制法测定了重楼灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea ES1对13种生物源杀菌剂的敏感性,在田间条件下,评价了4种生物源杀菌剂对华重楼灰霉病防治效果[结果]0.3%丁子香酚可溶性液剂、1%蛇床子素水乳剂、3%中生菌素可湿性粉剂和0.5%苦参碱水剂对Botrytis cinerea ES1的菌丝生长有较好的抑制效果,其EC50值均小于100 mg/L,在离体华重楼叶片上,4种药剂对华重楼灰霉病的保护作用在70%左右,田间防效在60%左右[结论]丁子香酚、蛇床子素、中生菌素和苦参碱对华重楼灰霉病菌B.cinerea ES1菌丝生长很好的抑制效果并且在田间对华重楼灰霉病的防治也表现良好,可用于华重楼灰霉病的预防,配合发病后的化学药剂一起使用。 相似文献
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[目的]为明确植物源杀虫剂对棉蚜的防治效果。[方法]对苦参碱、藜芦碱、印楝素、鱼藤酮、除虫菊素等5种常用植物源杀虫剂进行了田间防治试验。[结果]药后1 d,1.5%除虫菊素水乳剂和0.5%藜芦碱可溶液剂表现最好,防效分别达78.10%和71.09%,速效性较强;药后3 d,各药剂处理对苗蚜表现出最佳防治效果,防效由高到低依次为1.5%除虫菊素水乳剂、7.5%鱼藤酮乳油、0.5%藜芦碱可溶液剂、0.5%苦参碱水剂、0.3%印楝素乳油,但0.3%印楝素乳油防效显著低于其他4种药剂处理;药后7 d,各药剂处理对苗蚜防效略有下降,但仍对苗蚜有较好的控制作用,除0.3%印楝素乳油外,其他4种药剂防效均高于60.00%;药后14 d,0.3%印楝素乳油防效较之前升高,其他各药剂处理防效下降,0.5%藜芦碱可溶液剂和0.5%苦参碱水剂防效分别保持在50.45%和44.24%。药后14 d,施药区与对照区的捕食性瓢虫种群数量不存在显著差异,均显著高于化学杀虫剂处理。[结论]印楝素对苗蚜防效较低,除虫菊素、藜芦碱、鱼藤酮、苦参碱等4种植物源杀虫剂有效控制了棉蚜种群数量,同时对天敌安全性较高,可作为苗期棉蚜的防治药剂。 相似文献
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[目的]明确蛇床子素对稻曲病菌的抑菌活性以及植物诱抗剂与其协同增效作用。[方法]采用生物学方法测定了蛇床子素对稻曲病菌菌株WC49和AC27的菌丝生长、产孢能力、培养滤液毒力和致病力的影响;田间药效试验测试了诱抗剂6%寡糖·链蛋白和生物药剂1%蛇床子素对稻曲病防治的协同增效作用。[结果]蛇床子素在质量浓度55 mg/L时,其对稻曲病菌菌丝生长、产孢能力、培养滤液毒力和致病力等有显著的抑制作用。田间试验结果表明诱抗剂和生物药剂分别在分蘖后期和叶枕平时期协同应用,2者的协同防治效果显著高于单独施用。[结论]蛇床子素对稻曲病菌有较好的抑菌活性,其与植物诱抗剂的协同应用具有很好的增效作用。 相似文献
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为明确狼毒制剂及其复配剂对豌豆蚜的触杀效果,采用点滴法,测定了70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂、40%乐果乳油、1.8%阿维菌素乳油、1.6%狼毒素水乳剂4种单剂以及狼毒素与其他3种药剂的复配剂对豌豆蚜成蚜的杀虫活性。结果表明,供试药剂中,70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂的触杀效果最好,1.6%狼毒素水乳剂的触杀效果最差。在1.6%狼毒素水乳剂与3种药剂的复配剂对豌豆蚜的触杀效果明显比单一药剂的触杀效果好。随着复配药剂浓度比的增大,3种复配剂的联合毒力对豌豆蚜的触杀效果均呈逐渐增强的趋势。 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to examine the therapeutic effect of osthol, a coumarin compound isolated from the fruit of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, on cardiac hypertrophy in rats and investigate its potential mechanisms. The rats with cardiac hypertrophy induced by renovascular hypertension were given osthol orally by gavage for 4 weeks. The results showed that in the osthol 20 mg/kg group, the blood pressure, heart weight index and myocardial malondialdehyde content were lowered (p < 0.001, p = 0.002 and p = 0.025, respectively), the myocardial superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase contents were increased (p < 0.001), and the elevated unesterified fatty acids and triacylglycerols in myocardial tissues were decreased (p = 0.017 and p = 0.004, respectively). At the same time, the myocardial peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-1a mRNA expressions were increased and the myocardial diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) mRNA expression was decreased in the osthol 20 mg/kg group (p < 0.001). Osthol treatment was associated with a decreased cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that osthol may exert a therapeutic effect on cardiac hypertrophy in rats, and its mechanisms may be related to the improvement of myocardial oxidative stress and lipid metabolism via regulation of PPARα-mediated target gene expressions including an increase in CPT-1a mRNA expression and a decrease in DGAT mRNA expression. 相似文献
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建立了同时测定烟用香精中蛇床子素和二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯的超高效液相色谱方法。以体积比为1∶1的乙腈-水溶液为萃取剂,采用ACQUITY UPLCBEH C18(2.1 mm i.d.×50 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,柱温30℃,乙腈水为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速为0.3 mL/min,检测波长324 nm,对20种烟用香精样品进行测定。结果表明:蛇床子素和二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯标准品的色谱峰峰型尖锐且对称,两种物质的分离度大于1.5,在0.20~10.00mg/L范围内呈良好线性关系(r=0.9999);20种烟用香精中均未检测出蛇床子素和二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯;空白样品中添加高、中、低三个浓度水平的两种物质,检测所得蛇床子素的平均回收率在98.00%~100.44%之间,三日内相对标准偏差在0.74%~2.54%之间;二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯的平均回收率在99.41%~101.02%之间,三日内相对标准偏差在0.92%~2.27%之间。 相似文献
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为筛选对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊防治效果好的环境友好型杀虫剂,开展了蛇床子素、苦参碱以及印楝素3种常见植物源杀虫剂对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。结果表明,采用胃毒触杀联合毒力法,药后72 h苦参碱、印楝素、蛇床子素的LC50值分别为36.94,99.95,197.07 mg/L。田间试验中,药后21 d,0.3%苦参碱水剂3 000,2 000倍液校正防效分别为72.85%、79.54%;0.5%印楝素乳油3 000,2 000倍液校正防效分别为69.10%、76.29%;0.4%蛇床子素乳油3 750,2 500倍液校正防效分别为65.14%、70.04%。 相似文献
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试验结果表明,精噁唑禾草灵6.9%EW1200,1500mL/hm2对禾本科杂草有明显的除草效果,其除草、保产效果明显优于精噁唑禾草灵6.9%EW600、900mL/hm2,稍高于乙草胺50%EC3000mL/hm2,是一种较理想的烟田除草剂。建议使用剂量为精噁唑禾草灵6.9%EW1200、1500mL/hm2和乙草胺50%EC3000mL/hm2,可推广应用。 相似文献
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Zhiqi Shi Shouguo Shen Wei Zhou Fei Wang Yongjian Fan 《International journal of molecular sciences》2008,9(3):371-382
The effects of osthol, a plant coumarin, on morphology, sugar uptake and cell wall components of Fusarium graminearum were examined in vitro by electron microscopy,14C-labelling and enzyme activity detection. The results revealed that osthol could inhibit the hypha growth of F. graminearum by decreasing hyphal absorption to reducing sugar. After treatment with 100 μg·mL−1 osthol for 24 h, many hyphal fragments of F. graminearum appeared. Microscopy observation showed that the cell walls of hyphal fragments blurred and the organelles of the cells degraded with the increasing vacuoles. The N-acetyl-D-glucosamine contents and chitinase activity both increased when hypha were treated with 100 μg·mL−1 osthol, whereas the activity of β-1,6-glucanase remained unchanged. When F. graminearum fed with 14C glucose was treated with 100 μg·mL−1osthol, glucose contents decreased to the lowest level, while the contents in non-osthol treated controls remained unchanged. These results suggested that chitinase activity might be related to glucose starvation under osthol treatment, and that the appearance of hyphae fragments maybe the results of the promoted chitinase activity which itself triggered chitin degradation. 相似文献
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