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开展了硫酸体系中砷铁水热共沉淀为大颗粒晶型臭葱石的研究,考察了初始Fe/As摩尔比、初始pH、反应温度、搅拌速度和氧分压等因素对砷铁沉淀率、臭葱石晶型形成及臭葱石粒度的影响. 结果表明,Fe/As摩尔比、初始pH及反应温度降低有利于形成纯净大颗粒臭葱石,臭葱石颗粒粒度与氧分压关系不大. 高搅拌速度有利于形成纯净臭葱石,但不利于大颗粒臭葱石晶体的形成. 在Fe/As摩尔比1.5、初始pH 1.0、反应温度160℃、搅拌速度500 r/min和氧分压0.4 MPa的优化条件下,除砷率高于97%,沉砷渣中砷含量大于30%,平均粒度大于20 ?m. 相似文献
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三价铁离子浓度对As(V)-Fe(II)-Fe(III)体系沉淀臭葱石的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在常压、95℃、初始pH=1.5的条件下,研究了As(V)–Fe(II)–Fe(III)体系中初始Fe(III)浓度对砷的去除率和臭葱石合成的影响。结果表明,溶液中初始Fe(III)/As(V)摩尔比为0时,沉淀产物为结晶度良好的臭葱石,但砷的去除率仅为24.3%,沉淀浸出砷浓度高于国标规定的浓度限值5 mg/L。溶液中初始Fe(III)/As(V)摩尔比大于0时,在升温过程中生成了无定形砷酸铁,当初始Fe(III)/As(V)摩尔比不超过1.6时,砷酸铁反应8 h后转化为臭葱石;随初始Fe(III)/As(V)摩尔比增大,砷的去除率增大,臭葱石沉淀的结晶度降低、浸出砷浓度降低;其中,初始Fe(III)/As(V)摩尔比为0.8和1.6时,臭葱石沉淀的浸出砷浓度低于5 mg/L,适合安全堆存。当初始Fe(III)/As(V)摩尔比大于1.6时,无定形砷酸铁反应8 h仍不能转化成臭葱石,砷的去除率降低,沉淀浸出砷浓度超标,不适合安全堆存。 相似文献
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采用生物浸出法处理铜砷滤饼废渣,考察了pH值、温度和菌种对浸出效果的影响,分析了铁氧化菌浸出机理和将生物浸出用于含砷废渣无害化处理的可行性. 结果表明,微生物对铜砷滤饼浸出起促进作用,热酸预处理后在50℃、pH值为1.5的条件下,以中度嗜热西伯利亚硫杆菌(Sulfobacillus sibiricu)浸出7 d,砷浸出率达91.33%,铜浸出率达94.22%. 相似文献
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制备方法对臭葱石浸出稳定性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用常压法、水热法和改进常压法,分别在添加和不加晶种的情况下制备臭葱石,对其物相、结晶度、形貌、粒度、比表面积、Fe/As摩尔比、浸出稳定性进行表征,揭示制备方法与臭葱石组成、结构性能及浸出稳定性之间的关系. 结果表明,制备方法对臭葱石组成与结构性能有显著影响,结晶度高、比表面积小和Fe/As摩尔比低的臭葱石浸出稳定性高. 3种方法制备的臭葱石浸出稳定性顺序为:常压法<水热法<改进常压法. 改进常压法在不加晶种条件下制备的臭葱石形貌呈由{111}晶面族包围的角锥状大颗粒晶体,结晶度为84.56%,粒度(D50)为28.2 mm,比表面积为3.72 m2/g,Fe/As摩尔比为1.05;参照HJ/T300方案对其浸出稳定性进行评价,浸出10 d后,浸出液中总砷浓度仅为1.14 mg/L. 相似文献
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以高砷溶液为原料,采用Box-Behnken响应面优化硫酸亚铁空气氧化法沉砷形成臭葱石的工艺条件。以砷溶液初始pH、反应温度和反应时间为影响因素,以沉砷率为响应值,采用三因素三水平实验进行分析,建立了沉砷率与因素之间的二次多项式模型,确定了最优条件为pH为4,温度为95℃,时间为6.5 h。在此工艺下沉砷率达到了86.698%,与理论值88.984%接近。在此基础上,采用XRD图谱和SEM照片对最优条件下的产品进行表征,分析表明产物为结晶良好的双锥型八面体晶体结构臭葱石。 相似文献
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针对铜烟尘酸性浸出液中砷与有价金属分离的难题,采用加压合成臭葱石的方法,实现Cu和As的高效分离以及将砷以臭葱石的形式进行稳定固化的目的。在加压体系下研究了温度、总压和初始pH值对Cu和As的分离效果以及臭葱石合成的影响。结果表明:提高反应温度,有利于Cu和As的分离及合成晶型良好的臭葱石,温度较低时生成铁矾影响臭葱石合成进而影响Cu、As的分离;初始pH值增大,不利于Cu和As的分离,初始pH值越高,体系中的Fe3+越易水解,不利于臭葱石的合成,进而影响Cu和As的分离效率;总压增大,有利于Cu和As分离,不利于臭葱石的稳定固化,氧压过高氧化速率加快,易发生Fe3+水热水解反应,臭葱石形貌由双锥状变为团聚状使其稳定性降低。在初始Fe和As物质的量之比1.2、初始pH值0.4、时间2 h、初始铜离子浓度9 g·L-1、总压0.8 MPa、温度160℃的条件下,As和Cu的沉淀率分别为81.57%与12.27%,Cu、As分离系数为76.88,能够高效分离Cu和As,并获得晶态臭葱石。 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%. 相似文献
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塔设备改造选型的分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后,着重介绍一种新型塔板(导向梯形浮阀塔板)和一种新型填料(波环填料——乾隆帕克)。 相似文献