旧管道穿插HDPE管清洗修复技术

旧管道内衬防腐技术近几年发展很快。旧管道穿插高密度聚乙烯管技术是根据国内外先进技术,结合多年来管线清洗修复实践经验,开发的一种用途广泛、施工工艺简单、成本低、寿命长的旧管线内衬防腐技术。     

聚乙烯塑料管穿插管道修复技术

河南油田双河油矿在高压注水管线的修复作业中,应用聚乙烯塑料管穿插内衬管道修复技术获得成功,取得了明显的经济效益和社会效益。 穿插衬装高密度聚乙烯(简称HDPE)管是一种全新的管道修复技术。该技术是将高密度聚乙烯管插入需要修复的旧管道内,利用原旧管道的刚性和强度为承力结构以及高密度聚乙烯管耐腐蚀、耐磨损、耐渗透等特点,形成“管中管”复合结构,使修复后的管道具备钢管和HDPE管的综合性能。 该技术对旧管线清洗要求低,减少了清管时间和投入,不仅施工周期短、费用低,而且可将管道的接头数目降到最低,减少了停产时间。同时,修…     

紧密贴合内衬修复用聚乙烯管道加工应用中应注意的问题

聚乙烯(PE)管道内衬修复技术在工业、市政燃气和供水管道领域已经大量应用,修复后的管道是由旧管道和内衬PE管复合而成,内衬PE管道的选材、加工控制、管道的壁厚、等级、主管道漏点大小、介质温度等因素都对修复及修复后管线的运行产生很大影响。根据国内外的最新资料和应用经验对此进行了探讨,并提出一些建设性意见。     

电机轴承位磨损的修复

0 前言 我厂成品车间将7.5kw Y系列6台三相异步电动机作为NE50提升机动力分别输入,运行中因电机轴的轴承位磨损产牛间隙引起电机转子跳动、本体发热、抱轴、扫膛.通常做法是更换电机轴,但费用较高,修复周期长,有时在生产紧迫时没有充足时间.轴承位的直径磨损量大于0.2mm,采用胶粘方法修复保证不了轴承的同轴度,采用喷镀工艺条件不具备,而且费用一般较高.在实际修理过程中,我们摸索采用了一种快速简单的手工电弧焊堆焊修复方法,比较有效.     

内衬法管道修复、再生新技术简介

在石油、化工行业,解决输送管道的内防腐和修复再生技术一直是人们所关心的问题。据不完全统计,目前,全国每年因腐蚀破坏而停产、更换的各类管线总长达上千公里,所造成的经济损失达数十亿元之多。以中原油田为例,1986年,仅濮城油田一处就更换管线近万米,损失达200多万元。在这些腐蚀损坏的管线中,绝大部分又是由于内部输送介质对管材的腐蚀而造成的。因此,在研究管道内壁防腐的同时,找到一种使业已严重腐蚀、甚至局部穿孔的旧管线得以修复、再生的技术,已经成为一个刻不容缓且能带来巨大经济效益的课题。     

渤海油田某平台海底管线防护措施优化

作为海上油气运输的大动脉,海底管线发挥着越来越重要的作用。腐蚀严重影响海底管线的使用寿命,使其损坏率逐年增大。海底管线一般采用钢质管道,耐腐蚀性较差,修复难度极大且费用较大。因此,有效控制海底管线的腐蚀、延长海底管线的使用寿命就显得非常重要。本文基于海底管线腐蚀防护措施的有效执行以及海底管线运行情况,结合其他因素综合考虑后,完成海管安全现状评估及延寿使用评价,优化防护措施。     

高密度聚乙烯塑料管穿插内衬施工技术的研究与应用

本文通过对高密度聚乙烯塑料管穿插内衬施工技术的研究,阐述了高密度聚乙烯塑料管穿插内衬施工及验收的技术步骤及要求。本施工工艺在稠油软化水利用调整完善等项目工程中得到了成功应用,实现了埋地旧管线非开挖修复技术在油田的开展应用,实践证明此工艺的应用大大降低了油田生产成本。     

管线穿插和翻衬技术在管线改造中的应用

介绍了齐鲁乙烯生产、生活污水管线改造中采用的ＨＤＰＥ管管线穿插技术和翻衬技术,指出了管线穿插和翻衬技术对更新旧管线具有技术先进、施工方便、速度快、费用低的特点     

非开挖技术在供水管道修复中的应用

对非开挖管线修复技术的发展概况、原理和技术特点进行了论述,介绍了该技术在泄露供水管道修复中的使用情况。     

一种简易粘接贵金属热电偶保护套管的方法

介绍了采用粘接方法修复损坏的旧金属热电偶保护套管，简易、方便、效果良好，且节 约费用．     

高固含搅拌槽内临界离底悬浮转速的数值模拟

使用计算流体软件CFX5.5.1对固液搅拌槽内颗粒的临界离底悬浮转速进行了数值模拟. 搅拌槽直径D=0.476 m,搅拌桨为三叶CBY螺旋桨. 桨叶安装高度h=D/3. 固液两相为玻璃珠-水,固体体积浓度为15%~50%. 对临界离底悬浮的速度判据进行了修正,并利用浓度判据与修正的速度判据得到颗粒临界离底悬浮转速Njs,模拟计算结果与实验数据的误差在工业允许的范围内. 同时,对临界离底悬浮状态槽底部不同浓度下的流体湍流动能的分布情况以及大小进行了预测,并对2种固体临界离底悬浮机理进行了验证.     

A DEM study of particle motion near the walls of gas fluidized beds

This paper presents an investigation, by discrete element method simulation, of particle motion near the walls of fluidized beds. The simulations were performed in two beds, one of 50 mm × 50 mm cross-section, and the other of 90 mm × 90 mm cross-section. The particles used were 0.5 and 1 mm in diameter and 2650 kg/m³ in density. It was found that the thickness of the down-flowing surface layer is around 15 times the particle diameter. The average downward velocity of particles in the surface layer was found to vary from about 0.01 to 0.2 m/s. Implication of the results in relation to understanding of bed-to-wall heat-transfer in fluidized beds is highlighted.     

Application of silver nanofluid containing oleic acid surfactant in a thermosyphon economizer

This article reports a recent study on the application of a two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT) in a thermosyphon for economizer (TPEC). The TPEC had three sections of equal size; the evaporator, the adiabatic section, and the condenser, of 250 mm × 250 mm × 250 mm (W × L × H). The TPCT was a steel tube of 12.7-mm ID. The filling ratios chosen to study were 30, 50, and 80% with respect to the evaporator length. The volumetric flow rates for the coolant (in the condenser) were 1, 2.5, and 5 l/min. Five working fluids investigated were: water, water-based silver nanofluid with silver concentration 0.5 w/v%, and the nanofluid (NF) mixed with 0.5, 1, and 1.5 w/v% of oleic acid (OA). The operating temperatures were 60, 70, and 80°C. Experimental data showed that the TPEC gave the highest heat flux of about 25 kW/m2 and the highest effectiveness of about 0.3 at a filling ratio of 50%, with the nanofluid containing 1 w/v% of OA. It was further found that the effectiveness of nanofluid and the OA containing nanofluids were superior in effectiveness over water in all experimental conditions came under this study. Moreover, the presence of OA had clearly contributed to raise the effectiveness of the nanofluid.     

振动力场下背压对喷嘴内熔体压力的影响

用聚丙烯做原料,通过对空注射实验,测定了在一定振动条件和背压下喷嘴中的熔体压力。结果表明:振动有助于提高喷嘴中熔体的压力,最大提高约50%;与稳态注射相比,振动能减弱塑化过程中熔体的黏度突变带来的影响;在振动频率为10Hz,振幅为0.08mm时,喷嘴内熔体压力达到最大。     

N-油酸酰基丝氨酸表面活性剂的合成与性能

采用两步法合成了N-油酸酰基丝氨酸。优化的合成工艺条件为:n(油酸酰氯)/n(丝氨酸)=1.2,反应温度控制在45℃~50℃,反应时间4 h,pH=12,产率为87.8%。利用IR、元素分析和1HNMR对产物结构进行了表征。测定了所得产物的表面活性和应用性能。结果表明,通过在丝氨酸中引入油酸酰基后,其最低表面张力为27.6 mN/m;乳化能力、乳化稳定性可达85%以上;泡沫高度在180 mm~189 mm;平均润湿时间为65 s;10 d内生物降解度达到96.0%以上。     

A device for direct observation of cracking of cement paste or mortar under compressive loading within a scanning electron microscope

A device is described which permits the compressive loading of small specimens of hardened cement paste or mortar within the specimen chamber of a scanning electron microscope. The crack patterns which develop may then be seen at fairly high magnifications while the specimens remain under load. The loading frame itself is about 80 mm long by about 50 mm in diameter, and is activated by a pressurized nitrogen cylinder. Some preliminary results of observations made with the device are described.     

The recovery of chlorine from by-product hydrogen chloride Part 2: Molten metal cathode method

A new method of recovering chlorine from by-product hydrogen chloride is proposed and developed. According to the reaction Me+2HC1 = MeCl₂+H_o (Me = Metal) hydrogen chloride is reduced to give hydrogen and metal chloride. Gaseous hydrogen was drawn out from the reaction system and the metal chloride dissolved in the electrolyte, where it was electrolysed to give chlorine and metal using molten metal as a cathode. The metal was recovered on the cathode in a molten state and reused for the former reaction. Bench scale tests were also carried out, where zinc was used as a molten metal cathode and the cell capacity was about 50 A. The cell voltage was 6.5 V at 50 A (working temperature 560°C, distance between anode and cathode 5 mm) and in this case, the ohmic loss was about 70%. The current efficiency was about 90% (anodic current density 200 A/dm²) when the working temperature was 500°C and electrode distance between anode and cathode was 18 mm.This method seems very promising on the basis of the above-mentioned data.     

Experience in pressing standard brick from clays and kaolins in thermoplastic state

Conclusions The pressing of argillaceous raw material reduced to a thermoplastic state by heating produces ultradense refractory of high quality.Standard brick made of 50% Vladimirovka kaolin, 3-1 mm, and 50% Chasov-Yar clay finer than 0.5 mm, pressed to 100 kg/cm² and at about 1380°, containing 40% Al₂O₃, shows a high degree of slag resistance and spalling resistance, and has an apparent porosity of 3% bulk density 2.52 g/cm³.     

Simultaneous removal of cyanide and copper ions in a semi-fluidized ion exchanger bed

Simultaneous removal of cyanide and copper ions from electroplating wastewater was studied in a liquid-solid semi-fluidized ion exchanger bed. The diameter and the height of column are 20 mm and 600 mm, respectively. Strong-base anion exchange resin particles (Dowex 1X8-50) were contacted with synthetic solutions containing copper and cyanide ions. Cyanide and copper ions in the solution were analyzed by a cyanide electrode and ICP (inductively coupled plasma), respectively. The ion exchange equilibrium data of Cu⁺ removed as cyanide-copper complexes on Dowex 1X8-50 at 25 ‡C can be fitted with the Langmuir equation. Early leakage of cyanide from experimental loading profile data results in not only lower selectivity of free cyanide but also different selectivities of CN-Cu complexes due to the size and the structure of complexes. The optimum molar ratio (Q) between cyanide and copper ions is about 3 to obtain a reasonable removal rate of cyanide in this experiment.     

湿烟气工况下齿形螺旋翅片管束的性能研究

换热器烟气侧自身结构参数和外界条件是影响换热器换热及阻力特性的主要因素,采用数值模拟和实验方法研究了翅片螺距及烟气含水量对齿形螺旋翅片管束换热及阻力特性的影响。结果表明,在翅片螺距3.63～8.47 mm范围内,烟气侧 Nu随着翅片螺距的增大而增大,在不同入口烟温下,相对于3.63 mm翅片管,5.08 mm和8.47 mm翅片管 Nu分别增大3%~6%和9%~14%, Eu随着翅片螺距的增大而减小,相对于3.63 mm翅片管,5.08 mm和8.47 mm翅片管 Eu分别减小30%和50%左右;烟气含水量的适当增大,有利于提高齿形翅片管束的换热及阻力特性。