Synchronous/Reactive Programming of Concurrent System Software

Synchronous languages are intended for programming reactive systems. Reactive systems, which include real-time systems and key operating system components, interact continually with their environment. This paper considers the applicability of imperative synchronous/reactive languages to the development of general system software, that is, to the implementation of operating system kernels, file systems, databases, networks, server architectures, device drivers, etc. The languages Esterel and Reactive C (RC) receive special attention as Esterel is the oldest and most developed such language and RC is specifically designed for compatibility with C systems programming. An alternative soft-instruction software architecture is described, which is well suited to real-world system programming. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

并发成员系统程序设计语言环境下的机器人协同问题求解

本文首先提出并证明了模型世界下双机器人协同问题求解的难解性，然后介绍了已开发成功的支持多种特别是协同问题求解的并发成员系统程序设计语言ＭＳ－１在该问题领域的成功应用。     

并发软件的图形化设计方法研究(一):并发设计语言CONDL的定义"

这项研究的目标是：为并发软件的设计提供一种图形化的方法和支撑工具，以便用图形表过并发软件的设计，并生成并发程序的框架（并发程序单元的划分和它们之间的通信），这样做的好处在于提高软件的生产率，改善软件质量，在论文的这一部分，给出了并发设计语言CONDL的定义。     

MultiobjectC─一个面向对象的并发程序设计语言的设计

ＭｕｌｔｉｏｂｊｅｃｔＣ语言是我们设计的一个面向对象的并发程序设计语言，它以Ｃ语言为基语言，引入了类和对象等机制以及并发对象间的通信设施，支持面向对象的并发程序设计。本文讨论了我们在设计过程中的考虑，并与ＡＴ＆ＴＢｅｌｌ实验室的ＣｏｎｃｕｒｒｅｎｔＣ＋＋语言作了一些比较。     

并发约束程序设计语言COPS及其执行模型

约束程序设计尤其是约束逻辑程序设计与并发约束程序设计在AI程序设计领域占据着越来越重要的位置。传统逻辑程序设计的基“计算即为定理证明”的计算风格虽获得了简洁优美的操作语义特性,但也付出了执行效率低的代价,当应用系统规模增大时,其性能严重下降以致崩溃。针对传统逻辑程序设计的这种可伸缩性问题,设计了一个基于并发约束程序设计概念的说明性语言COPS,旨在从语言设计与执行模型两方面降低说明性程序的不确定性,提高搜索与运行效率。在语言设计方面,通过引入确定性语言成分,避免不确定计算用于确定性目标所浪费的系统开销;在执行模型方面,在目标的并发穿叉执行与数据驱动的并发同步机制的基础上,实现“优先执行确定目标”策略与“最少假定”策略,作为约束传播的延伸,最大幅度地剪枝搜索空间,降低搜索复杂性。COPS提供的知识表示、推理与并发机制使其成为构造agent程序的理想语言。论文给出COPS语言的语法规范与执行模型的操作语义描述。     

并发软件的图形化设计方法研究(二):并发设计语言CONDL的图形化表示

这项研究的目标是：为并发软件的设计提供一种图形化的方法和支撑工具,以便用图形表达并发软件的设计,并生成并发程序的框架(并发程序单元的划分和它们之间的通信)。这样做的好处在于提高软件的生产率,改善软件质量。在论文的这一部分,给出了并发设计语言OONDL的一种图形化表示,即泳道表示。     

Modeling Biological Systems in Stochastic Concurrent Constraint Programming

We present an application of stochastic Concurrent Constraint Programming (sCCP) for modeling biological systems. We provide a library of sCCP processes that can be used to describe straightforwardly biological networks. In the meanwhile, we show that sCCP proves to be a general and extensible framework, allowing to describe a wide class of dynamical behaviours and kinetic laws.     

一种新型的对象类型规范语言

本文介绍了一种新型的对象类型规范语言，它融汇了一些关于对象类型理论的最新成果，并给出了基于该语言的子类型概念。     

支持对象间关系的程序设计语言研究

在论述了面向对象技术中对象间的关系作为第一级建模概念的重要性之后,该文设计并实现了显式支持对象间关系的RCPP(relational C++)语言.它提供了显式描述对象间关系特性和语义的机制,利用关系来动态地控制对象行为的作用和传播.它的运行是通过一个转换器把RCPP代码翻译成C++代码,再经C++环境编译后,形成可执行程序而实现的.文章对RCPP语言的模型、语言提供的服务以及具体系统的描述和实现作了深入阐述.     

安全语言PointerC的设计及形式证明

程序设计语言本身的安全性在高安全需求软件的设计和实现中起着基础作用.该文在用于系统级编程的安全语言的设计和性质证明方面,做了有益的尝试.作者设计了一个类C的命令式语言PointerC,其主要特点在于其类型系统中包含显式的副条件(side conditions),这些副条件本质上是约束程序语法表达式值的逻辑公式.该文证明了PointerC语言的安全性定理,即满足这些副条件的程序,在执行时不会违反语言的安全策略.为静态推理副条件中涉及指针的命题,作者已经提出了一种指针逻辑(pointer logic),文中证明了指针逻辑对操作语义是可靠的.     

一种并发面向对象同步模型研究

同步是并发语言的一个重要特征,然而在面向对象的框架下,同步约束的存在可能导致不期望的方法的重定义.基于并发面向对象规约语言VDM++(Vienna development method)的两种同步机制,提出一种适合于并发面向对象广谱规约语言的同步模型-卫式路径结构.它不但可以支持一般代码的复用,而且可以全方位地支持对同步代码的复用.     

一个基于Ada的面向对象建模语言

给出了一个基于Ada的建模语言AML.AML以Ada95为基础,吸取了Ada95的基本原理和思想,利用支持建模的设施对其进行扩充,以便适用于软件建模的各个阶段.AML沿用了Ada95中的程序包概念,并将程序包作为它的核心成份,同时,沿用了Ada95的任务单元和保护单元等设施,以精确描述了软件系统中主动控制成份和资源保护成份的各种特性;AML吸取了图形化面向对象建模语言与建模方法所采用的多视点模型思想,将实体不同侧面的特征分开描述;AML利用一种新的并发模型和限制设施,有效地解决了系统的并发特性和不确定性等非功能特性的描述问题;AML有较强的可扩充性,能应用于各种应用领域.总之,AML是一个既面向用户,面向开发者,又面向系统的通用建模语言,有效地克服了现有一些建模语言在表达能力和应用范围等方面存在的诸多不足.     

Visual Parallel Programming and Determinancy: A Language Specification,an Analysis Technique,and a Programming Tool

Phred is a visual parallel programming language in which programs can be statically analyzed for deterministic behavior. This paper presents the Phred language, techniques for analyzing the language, and a programming environment which supports Phred programming. There are many methods for specifying synchronization and data sharing in parallel programs. The Phred programmer uses graph constructs for describing parallelism, synchronization, and data sharing. These graphs are formally described in this paper as a graph grammar. The use of graphs in Phred provides an intuitive and visual representation for parallel computations. The inadvertent specification of nondeterministic computations is a common error in parallel programming. Phred addresses the issue of determinacy by visually indicating regions of a program where nondeterminacy may exist. This analysis and its integration into a programming environment is presented here. The Phred programming environment supports the specification, analysis, and execution of Phred programs. The distribution of the programming environment itself over several workstations is also described.     

C++语言编程技术的分析和研究

C++语言是当前十分流行的、面向对象程序设计语言。通过对C++语言的深入研究以及较多的编程实践,总结归纳了C++语言的知识体系和编程中的几个常见问题,比如构造函数、对象指针、const数据和成员的访问属性等,对这些容易搞混淆的问题逐一进行详尽的分析和说明,并解释了其原因所在。通过阅读该文可为编程者带来有益的帮助,以便编程中碰到同类问题时能够解决。     

并发对象强可线性化性质的检测和验证研究

可线性化被公认为并发对象正确性标准,但其已被证明不能作为含有随机语句的并发对象的正确性标准。为此,Golab等人提出了强可线性化概念,它在可线性化的定义上增加了前缀保持性质,对并发对象具有更强的约束性。关于强可线性化的研究集中在使用特定的基本对象构造满足强可线性化性质的并发对象的可行性。对常见的并发对象的强可线性化性质的检测和验证方面的研究较为少见。     

Towards a Programming Language for Interaction Nets

Interaction nets were introduced almost 15 years ago. Since then they have been put forward as both a graphical programming paradigm and as an intermediate language into which we can compile other languages. Whichever way we use interaction nets, a problem remains in that the language is very primitive. Drawing an analogy with functional programming, we have the λ-calculus but we are missing the functional programming language: syntactic sugar, language constructs, data-structures, etc. The purpose of this paper is to make a first step towards defining such a programming language for interaction nets.     

汇编语言与C语言的混合程序设计技术

讨论汇编语言与C语言的混合程序设计技术。在大规模的程序设计中,汇编语言程序与高级语言程序相结合,充分发挥各自的优点,实现两种语言之间的混合编程,是解决实际问题的有效方法。在实际的程序设计中,C语言主程序可以调用汇编语言子程序,汇编语言主程序可以调用C语言子程序,也可以在C语言程序中嵌入汇编语言语句。在汇编语言与C语言的混合编程中,参数的传递、模块的连接以及调用关系的确定是值得注意的关键问题。     

试论动态开发语言Python研究

介绍了动态开发语言Python,并和传统的编程语言如C语言做了一个比较。     

Integrating Constraints and Concurrent Objects in Musical Applications: A Calculus and its Visual Language

We propose PiCO, a calculus integrating concurrent objects and constraints, as a base for music composition tools. In contrast with calculi such as NiehrenMueller:Free, milner.parrow.ea:calculus-mobile or TyCO vasconcelos:typed-concurrent, both constraints and objects are primitive notions in PiCO. In PiCO a base object model is extended with constraints by orthogonally adding the notion of constraint system found in the -calculus OzCalculus. Concurrent processes make use of a constraint store to synchronize communications either via the ask and tell operations of the constraint model or the standard message-passing mechanism of the object model. A message delegation mechanism built into the calculus allows encoding of general forms of inheritance. This paper includes encodings in PiCO of the concepts of class and sub-class. These allow us to represent complex partially defined objects such as musical structures in a compact way. We illustrate the transparent interaction of constraints and objects by a musical example involving harmonic and temporal relations. The relationship between Cordial, a visual language for music composition applications, and its underlying model PiCO is described.