碳纳米管/聚苯乙烯-共-N-聚异丙基丙烯酰胺纳米粒子修饰电极的过氧化氢传感器

该工作制备了碳纳米管/聚苯乙烯-共-N-聚异丙基丙烯酰胺纳米粒子(CNTs/PS-coNIPAm),利用其修饰玻碳电极(GCE)发展了高灵敏的过氧化氢(H₂O₂)电化学传感器。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和循环伏安曲线(CV)对制备的修饰材料进行了表征。结果显示,CNTs/PS-coNIPAm修饰电极具有较大的比表面积和优异的电催化活性。与裸电极相比,修饰后的GCE电极对H₂O₂显示出明显提高的电流信号。CNTs/PS-co-NIPAm为发展新型电化学传感器提供了一条有前景的电极材料。     

基于DNA-Hb修饰的聚合二氧化锆/金电极过氧化氢生物传感器的研究

以聚合二氧化锆(ZrO2)薄膜修饰的金电极为基底,通过在二氧化锆修饰电极表面滴涂DNA和血红蛋白(Hb)溶液制备了性能优良的DNA-Hb/ZrO2/Au过氧化氢传感器.该传感器对H2O2的还原显示出较好的电催化响应,固定在电极表面的Hb在0.1 mol/L(pH5.0)PBS中对过氧化氢响应灵敏度高,检测范围宽(1.7×10-7～3.0×10-3～mol/L),检测下限低(8.0×10-8～tool/L),并且表现出良好的热稳定性和高选择性.     

6-巯基嘌呤自组装膜的制备及其电化学行为表征

采用循环伏安法、微分脉冲伏安法、计时库仑法研究了 6 -巯基嘌呤自组装膜的制备和电化学表征以及组装时间对 6 -巯基嘌呤自组装膜电化学行为的影响。结果表明 :6 -巯基嘌呤可以在金电极上形成自组装膜 ,并且随着组装时间的增长 ,[Fe(CN) 6 ]3- / [Fe(CN ) 6 ]4 - 体系在 6 -巯基嘌呤修饰金电极上的反应峰电流增大 ,而反应的氧化还原电位和条件电位均发生负移 ;循环伏安和计时库仑数据分析得出 6 -巯基嘌呤修饰金电极在 0 .2 mol/ L KCl溶液中的双层电容随组装时间的增长而减小。当组装时间达到 12 0 min时 ,6 -巯基嘌呤自组装膜基本达到稳定。     

L-半胱氨酸修饰银电极对锌离子的测定

自组装制备了L-半胱氨酸修饰银电极(Cys/SAM/Ag),研究了锌离子在该电极上的电化学行为.建立了一种测量痕量锌离子的新方法,该方法简便,准确,检测限可达1.0×l0-8mol/L,在5.0×10-8～1.0×10-5mol/L呈线性.对矿泉水中的锌进行测定,结果满意.     

基于壳聚糖-硅溶胶复合膜固载甲苯胺蓝及纳米金的新型电流型过氧化氢生物传感器的研究

该文基于有机-无机复合膜和纳米技术研制了一种新型的高灵敏度的电流型过氧化氢(H2O2)生物传感器.首先将壳聚糖(CS)和氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)交联制得复合膜(CSHMs),并以该膜固载甲苯胺蓝(TB)和纳米金(GNPs),然后将HRP与CSHMs-TB-GNPs混合滴涂在玻碳电极的表面,最后在其表面吸附一层Nafion保护膜,制得Nafion/CSHMs-TB-GNPs-HRP/GCE修饰电极.Nafion膜可以减少HRP的泄漏,同时增强了传感器的抗干扰能力.用紫外吸收光谱法分析了修饰膜成分的组成,用循环伏安法对修饰电极进行了表征,并用计时电流法对H2O2传感器的性能进行了研究.实验结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,H2O2浓度在7.0×10-7～2.3×10-3mol/L范围内与其还原峰电流呈现良好的线性关系,检测下限为2.4×10-7mol/L(信噪比3).     

电聚合二氧化锆固载辣根过氧化物酶的第三代生物传感器的研制

利用生物相容性良好的无机材料二氧化锆(ZrO2)对辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)进行直接固定,用交流阻抗法对修饰电极进行了表征,并用循环伏安法和计时电流法对过氧化氢(H2O2)生物传感器的性能进行了研究.结果表明,该法成功的制备了以电聚合ZrO2为载体的无介体第三代电流型生物传感器.其线性范围为1.00×10-6～1.87×10-3mol/L,线性回归方程为:ip(μA)=0.002 3 c(μmol/L)+2.9324,相关系数r为0.996 8,检测限为2.86×10-7 mol/L.     

多孔阳极氧化铝的化学修饰及其应用于过氧化氢的测定

多孔阳极氧化铝经化学修饰后吸附细胞色素C,制备了过氧化氢生物传感器电极。多孔阳极氧化铝通过电化学和化学腐蚀阻挡层后,用两步无电沉积方法制备了纳米金修饰的多孔阳极氧化铝电极,再在含有L-半胱氨酸的细胞色素C的溶液中通过吸附制备细胞色素C电极。用循环伏安法和计时电流法测试细胞色素C电极的电化学性能及催化对过氧化氢的还原。结果表明,包覆的细胞色素C电极显示较好的稳定性,在扫描速度为80 mV/s时于-50 mV、-190 mV附近出现一对稳定的氧化还原峰。该电极对过氧化氢具有良好的电催化还原性能,在1.5×10-5 mol/L～4.8×10-4 mol/L浓度范围内,电流与浓度呈良好的线性关系。多孔阳极氧化铝经化学修饰后,可应用于生物传感器。     

肉桂酸修饰电极对尿酸的研究测定

用恒电位沉积方法制备了肉桂酸修饰电极,研究了尿酸(UA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为.研究表明,在优化的实验条件下,尿酸在修饰电极上有良好的电催化响应,其氧化峰电流与浓度在2.0×10-6～4.0×10-4 mol/L范围内成很好的线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-6 mol/L.该修饰电极制备简单、稳定性好、检测方便.     

普鲁士蓝膜修饰铂电极对过氧化氢的电催化还原研究

在循环伏安法制备ＰＢ膜修饰铂电极的基础上,研究了其对过氧化氢的电催化还原特性,并讨论了催化机理。结果表明ＰＢ膜修饰电极对过氧化氢有很好的催化作用,过氧化氢浓度在０．０５￣５ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１范围内,浓度与电流响应呈线性关系。有望在氧化酶生物传感器开发中获得进一步的应用。     

聚（3-甲基噻吩）修饰电极的制备及其用于多巴胺的电化学行为及测定研究

通过实验研究了恒电流法制备聚(3-甲基噻吩)(P3MT)修饰玻碳电极的最佳聚合条件,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对制备的修饰电极进行了表征.利用最佳条件下制备的聚(3-甲基噻吩)修饰电极,研究了多巴胺(DA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,并建立了多巴胺的电化学测定方法.实验结果表明,用该方法制备的修饰电极比用循环伏安法(CV)和恒电位氧化相结合制备的电极性能更好.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.