Quality Management in Pakistan's Readymade Garments' Industry

Pakistan's readymade garments' industry is a key player in Pakistan's industry in general, and its textile industrial output and exports in particular. In a liberalizing international trade regime, quality will be a critical success factor in the international competitiveness of Pakistan's readymade garments. Research in quality management in Pakistan's readymade garments' industry was undertaken. To gain further information, a postal self-completion questionnaire was mailed to 101 members of the Pakistan Readymade Garments' and Exporters' Association (PRGMEA). The response rate was 32%. It was found that while this industrial segment was in various stages of development, it needs to graduate fast to advanced quality management concepts of Kaizen and total quality management in order to maintain its competitive advantage in an environment that will soon be liberalized fully.     

Quality Management in Pakistan's Bedwear Industry

Pakistan's bedwear industry contributes significantly to Pakistan's industry in general and to its textile industrial output and exports in particular. The exports of bedwear have increased steadily. However, its key basis of competitive advantage has been low cost. After greater liberalization from 2005 onwards and due to tariffication of quotas, the bedwear industry will not only have to scale higher tariff walls but will be more exposed to the threat of anti-dumping duties as it relies primarily on low prices to penetrate the export markets. To enhance its competitiveness, it will have to combine better quality with low costs and quick response. Research in quality management in Pakistan's bedwear industry was, therefore, undertaken. A postal self-completion questionnaire was mailed to 38 members of Pakistan Bedwear Manufacturers' and Exporters' Association (PBMEA). The response rate was almost 79%. It was found that this industrial segment was in various stages of development. This study demonstrates both the effectiveness and the limits of quality assurance in improving the levels of quality which remain a moving target in a dynamic liberalizing international trade environment that is more competitive since 2005. The bedwear industry, therefore, needs to graduate to advanced practices in quality management in order to remain competitive in rapidly changing times.     

Quality Improvement Strategy in the Electricity Supply Industry

This paper introduces a novel strategy of total quality management (TQM) in the electricity supply industry (ESI) in order to achieve quality improvement. Statistical process control tools, such as control charts, cumulative sum charts, correlation coefficients, and scatter diagrams are introduced to analyze the stability and capability of attributes and variables data affecting the quality of real power and reactive power supply. Also Taguchi's technique is applied for quality improvement of the ESI process. The designed TQM technique demonstrates the quality state of power process in the Hellenic ESI. More specifically, the quality condition, relationship, and capability of frequency and voltage are examined, before and after the installation of flexible AC transmission systems devices in the northeastern Hellenic system.     

Organizational Change Through Quality Deposits

This article sets out the argument that despite the perceived relative lack of success with Total Quality Management, some things have actually been learned and some changes have been made in the organizational processes, systems, and culture by those involved. The key question examined in the article is how this learning and these changes, as a form of quality deposits, can be retained within the organization so that they actually build up over time and eventually make the organization ripe for major improvement change. The article sets out positive arguments for this, although it is pointed out that more research is still needed. It is also hypothesized that this is probably the most likely way in which change actually happens within large complex organizations.     

Quality control results of the drift tubes for the ATLAS MDT-BIS chambers

ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) is a general purpose experiment, which will start its operation at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in 2007. The ATLAS detector is designed to study the products of proton–proton collisions at c.m.s. energies of up to 14 TeV. Three Greek Universities have taken the responsibility to construct 112 BIS-MDT (Barrel Inner Small) chambers using 29 000 drift tubes of 170 cm length and 3 cm diameter that have been quality tested before assembly. This work describes the Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA_QC) procedures for the drift tubes, followed at the High Energy Physics Laboratory of the National Technical University of Athens, while emphasis is given on the obtained results for the above mentioned number of tubes.     

印刷企业的全面质量管理研究

阐述了质量管理的发展及全面质量管理的内容和特点,在分析印刷企业产品生产特点的基础上,探讨了印刷企业所应采取的措施,重点强调了统计过程控制实施、绿色管理模式及创新管理的重要性。     

质量改进渗透在质量管理方法中

本文对六西格玛DMAIC、QC小组、风险管理、根本原因分析、持续改善、8D工作流程及可靠性工作等质量管理方法和质量管理模式分别进行了系统的分析,这些质量管理方法均渗透了质量改进的精髓。     

基于小批量多品种生产环境的统计过程质量控制研究

分析了先进制造技术环境下实施统计过程质量控制所存在的问题，给出了一种基于正态过程的改进的标准化控制图，适用于小批量多品种生产环境下对过程均值、过程方差的有效控制。     

微软WORD格式中的软件质量保证

“在廉价的甜味逐渐减弱消失后,就会倍偿长期持续的苦味。“高质量软件的生命周期成本只是低质量软件的生命周期成本的几分之一。在一些情况下,质量保证的软件对于使用该软件的客户意味着生命悠关。例如,飞行员读了令人误解的荧屏显示就有可能以付出他（她）以及乘客的生命作为代价。软件质量保证方法或过程必须标准化并用于确保软件产品的安全以及成本效果,软件质量保证应占项目总成本的6%。     

虚拟企业生产过程质量保证模型

虚拟企业（VE）是由多家独立公司组建起来的临时性网络，临时性特点使得它不必涉及其成员企业的内部质量管理，而只需提供必要的信息和其它的资源服务，以协调各成员企业的活动从而保证最终的产品质量。基于这样的认识，提出了一个虚拟企业生产过程质量保证模型及其运作流，用以探讨如何解决生产过程中VE产品质量保证的问题；还详细论述了该模型的各个要素。     

Effective Safety Management: a Case Study in the Chemical Industry

A major non‐trivial problem within the area of industrial safety management today is to analyse, next to the safety impact of the technical equipment, the safety impact of a ‘business process’ as currently required by regulation and safety standards. This paper describes a case study of a pesticide company struggling with the question of how to improve the safety of their operational process further and at the same time also improve the reliability of their operational process. According to the literature ‘control of the business process’ is the keyword to improve the safety and reliability ‘performance’ of a company. A formal control model is proposed together with a classification system (using maturity levels) to analyse and qualify business processes with respect to their impact on process safety. This method has been applied in a case study where it resulted in a model of a business process. Using the model it was possible to classify the business process control system used and to identify related improvement opportunities. The proposed method showed that, in contrast to the company's perception, it was not the production department that was responsible for most of the problems but the peripheral processes relating to the production department. The interaction between departments caused not only potential safety problems, but also caused system reliability problems. For the company it was demonstrated that the interdependency of the (different activities in the‐) operational process is an essential element preventing further improvement if not addressed properly. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Transition from quality circles to total involvement in semiconductor manufacturing

Eight years of experience with quality circles has shown a progression toward the achievement of total quality. Significant positive results have led to the evolution from a voluntary programme to the implementation of a non-voluntary programme that includes functional supervisors. Each team meets for an hour per week during normal work hours as an integral part of the job. Over 83 per cent of manufacturing and support groups employee participation has been recorded to date and at present 62 teams are functioning. This article will present the details of this programme's progress towards quality excellence.     

浅谈公共管理改革历史进程中引入质量管理理念的必然性

本文从剖析政府机构工作质量入手,分析了政府机构工作引入质量管理的五大利处;结合政府机构公共管理的改革趋势,从公共管理新模式与质量管理原则的一致性方面,论证了政府机构公共管理体制趋向质量管理的必然性。     

质量管理观念及技术的演变与展望

通过对不同时期、不同学派关于质量、产品质量及质量管理观念的分析,在质量管理理论与质量管理实践的结合方面进行了探讨;并就受质量观念影响而发生质的飞路的质量管理技术进行了回顾与展望,尤其是对方兴未艾的质量管理自动化技术着重进行了论述。     

质量管理结构模型研究中的路径分析

以美国Baladrige奖评价模型为依据，用近期上海质量管理科学研究院对上海企业质量管理实践状况的调研结果为基本数据，采用路径分析法，对质量管理的结构模型中各要素间的因果关系进行了定量分析。统计结果有助于企业找出目前质量管理现行体系中的瓶颈问题；进而讨论了实施质量改进的途径。     

Improving Product Design Using Quality Function Deployment: The School Furniture Case in Developing Countries

This paper presents a quality function deployment (QFD) analysis of the design of school furniture in developing countries, using Costa Rica as the baseline. The dynamic hierarchy process model for QFD was used to help the product development team make effective decisions in satisfying the requirements of the customer constrained by limited resources. A number of total quality management (TQM) tools were employed during the development of the school furniture solution. A dynamic, cross-functional team organization was used. A simple form of quality function deployment was used to identify the desirable product design, safety, and service features.     

现代企业推行2000版ISO 9000族质量管理体系

介绍了现代企业推行2000版ISO9000族质量管理体系的情况，着重探讨借鉴现代质量管理思想，建立规范，严谨的质量管理体系，制定实施各自的内部控制模式，建立与健全科学，有效的企业内部控制体系，提升我国企业经营管理水平和服务水平。     

企业质量风险管理浅析

我国对质量风险的研究还处于起步阶段,如何建立质量风险管理推进产品不断改进和完善是一个值得研究的问题。本文介绍了质量风险管理的概念,阐述了企业推行质量风险管理的具体流程,希望能将风险管理融入质量管理中并不断持续改进,提高企业质量风险的应对和控制能力。     

制造过程的质量管理探讨（续）

生产过程控制是对“５ＭＩＥ”质量因素的探讨,其控制活动体现在每一个生产工序中。根据ＩＳＯ９００４标准,从生产过程控制的角度,探讨了制造过程的质量管理问题,并重点讨论了关健和特殊工序的控制。