基于3D混沌映射和细胞自动机的图像加密方案

为设计高效的、加密性能好的图像加密系统,充分结合混沌映射细胞自动机的良好加密性能,提出了一种基于3D混沌映射和2D二阶细胞自动机的图像加密方案。该算法先利用3D混沌映射对图片像素进行置乱,然后利用2D二阶细胞自动机对图像在比特级别进行更进一步的混淆。该算法属于对称密钥加密,具有较大的密钥空间和并行化的加解密过程。实验结果证明,该算法可以在较小的迭代次数内达到良好的加密效果,不会导致密文扩张,且加密结果能够抵御常见的暴力破解攻击、统计分析攻击和差分攻击,具有较高的安全性。     

基于多维混沌系统组合的图像加密新算法

提出了基于多维混沌系统同时对图像像素位置置乱和像素值加密的新算法。利用广义Arnold映射对图像像素位置进行置乱;利用三维Liu混沌系统产生的混沌序列得到整数密钥序列,对置乱图像像素值逐个进行加密。实验表明这种加密算法具有密钥空间大、安全性高的优越性,加密图像像素值具有类随机均匀分布特性,相邻像素具有零相关特性。     

一种基于Arnold和Logistic双混沌系统的数字图像加密算法

提出了一种基于Arnold变换和Logistic混沌映射相结合的彩色数字图像加密算法.首先使用传统的Arnold变换进行图像位置置乱,再利用Logistic映射产生混沌序列改变图像的灰度值,从而构造出一个位置置乱和像素值改变相结合的图像加密算法.最后使用Matlab进行实验仿真,结果表明该算法能够取得很好的加密效果,且...     

基于双混沌映射的图像加密算法

提出了一种基于Logistic和Henon混沌映射的图像加密方法.首先利用Logistic混沌动力学系统产生的混沌序列,通过动态量化算法增强其随机性和复杂性,对原始图像进行混沌置乱,得到置乱图像.然后对Henon混沌映射产生的序列进行量化变换,产生"异或"矩阵,与置乱后的图像进行"异或",实现对图像的加密.仿真实验表明,该方法具有良好的加密效果和较强的安全性.     

基于整数小波变换和混沌映射的盲数字水印算法

介绍一种基于整数小波变换和混沌映射的盲数字水印技术。利用广义Arnold混沌映射对水印图像进行置乱,利用整数小波变换对载体图像进行三级小波分解,然后用Logistic混沌映射随机产生各水印比特嵌入第二层高频部分HH2中整数小波系数的比特位置。水印的提取不需要原始图像。实验结果表明该算法嵌入的数字水印既有很好的隐蔽性,又能抵抗剪切和JPEG压缩的攻击.     

基于Arnold变换的图像分存加密方法

为提高图像分存加密的安全性,提出一种将置乱加密、分存技术和像素扩散相结合的分存加密方法。首先,利用一维Logistic混沌映射产生Arnold变换的参数;其次,利用变参数的二维Arnold变换对图像进行像素位置置乱;最后,利用变参数的三维Arnold变换对置乱后图像进行像素值扩散并分存为两幅图像。实验结果表明,该方法的外部密钥敏感度较强,具有良好的雪崩效应,能够有效地抵抗明文和差分等攻击,且解密密钥与明文图像紧密相关。     

基于双重混沌映射的图像加密算法

提出了一种双重混沌的图像加密算法。算法采用Logistic混沌映射和Lorenz混沌系统对图像进行加密。算法首先利用Logistic映射对图像的像素进行置乱,达到改变图像像素点的位置,再运用Lorenz混沌系统对Logistic加密后的图像进行二次加密来改变图像的像素值以达到双重加密的效果。仿真实验表明,该算法具有可行性、执行速度快、密钥量大和加密效果好的优点。     

基于二维CA和混沌系统的图像加密新算法

基于二维元胞自动机和Logistic混沌映射,提出了一种新的图像加密算法.该算法主要思想是采用Logistic映射设计一种非线性耦合结构来对明文像素矩阵进行置乱,然后在分析元胞自动机的混沌和密码学性质的基础上构造一个二维伪随机数矩阵来进行图像加密.仿真实验结果表明,该算法具有较大的密钥空间,对密钥具有极高的敏感性,密文具有良好的扩散和统计特性,可以有效地抵御穷举攻击、敏感性攻击以及统计攻击等.     

利用复合混沌系统的图像加密方案研究与设计

该文提出了一种利用复合混沌系统加密图像的方案,该方案采用Baker映射对图像像素位置进行置乱;Liu混沌系统对置乱后的图像像素值进行替代加密;置乱与替代迭代k轮。解密过程是加密过程的逆。实验结果表明该方案具有良好的密码特性:密钥空间大、安全性高等优点且算法的运行时间短,加密图像像素值具有类随机均匀分布特性,相邻像素具有零相关特性,且密钥与明文相关。     

基于2D sine Logistic混沌映射的医学图像频域加密算法

针对现有医学图像加密算法在加密效率和安全性上的不足,提出一种基于2D sine logistic混沌映射的医学图像小波域加密算法。算法首先利用整数小波变换将医学图像从空域转换为频域,充分打破像素间的相关性;其次,利用2D sine logistic混沌映射生成混沌序列,选取三级小波分级的低频系数LL3进行扩散和置乱加密,提高加密效率;并且将二级小波分解的中高频系数HL2和LH2进行扩散加密,解决加密图像中存在的明显轮廓问题;最后将加密后的小波系数进行小波逆变换得到加密图像。实验仿真结果表明,算法具有高安全性和加密效率,与现有空域方法相比,加密时间约为1/40;与现有频域方法相比,在保证加密效率情况下具有更好的加密图像隐蔽性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.