基 ＡＤ９３６１的北斗接收机终端性能评估方法研究

为满足北斗定位导航系统中接收机基带信号处理算法研究的需要,设计了一种运行于软件无线电平台、输出数据全面多样的北斗接收机平台,并对其进行了详细的指标评估和定位验证。该接收机运行于由ARM、FPGA和AD9361组成的软件无线电平台上,利用AD9361射频前端得到北斗B1信号的中频采样数据,通过FPGA和ARM实现北斗卫星的快速捕获、跟踪及位置解算等信号处理流程。利用已知参数的模拟导航信号对接收机进行了性能指标评估,并进行了实际场景的定位实验。实验测试表明,该接收机捕获、跟踪等过程性能表现良好,导航定位精度及动态定位精度较高,可输出标准原始观测量数据,满足一般的北斗接收机基带信号处理及定位算法研究的需要。     

高动态数字化GPS软件接收机系统

为了研制高动态GPS软件接收机,本文利用TMS320C6713,GP2010和GP2021设计了软件接收机硬件平台.基于所选择的硬件平台,对捕获、码跟踪、载波跟踪算法的选择及其参数与接收机动态性能的关系进行分析.实验结果表明:理论分析和实验结果是吻合的,所研制的GPS接收机在速度12 km/s、加速度为10 g,加加速度为10 g/s、数据更新率为10 Hz的情况下,定位精度可达15 m.     

基于Matlab/C的GPS软件接收机跟踪算法

针对GPS软件接收机提出一种跟踪部分的实现算法,该算法包括码跟踪和载波跟踪。在PC上用该算法进行模拟数据的Matlab仿真和真实数据C的实现,在集成ARCA3嵌入式微处理器的GT3000A平台上运行该程序。实验证明,该算法实现C/A码相位和载波频率的精确跟踪,并得到导航数据。     

高灵敏度GPS软件接收机开发平台

介绍了GPS软件接收机开发平台的软、硬件结构,重点阐述了基于频域的捕获算法和基于时域的跟踪算法,对导航数据的解调、同步、卫星的星历获取、用户位置解算以及信号仿真模块等做了简单描述,并利用实测数据进行了验证。实验结果表明,开发平台的几何定位精度因子PDOP=2.3534,与传统的硬件接收机相当。开发平台还可以产生多颗卫星、不同中频频率、各种多普勒频移和不同C/A码相位的GPS仿真信号,用于对GPS软件接收机的捕获算法和跟踪算法进行研究和验证。目前采用的捕获算法可以捕获信噪比为-37dB的微弱信号,相对于常规的-19dB的信号门限,灵敏度提高了18dB。     

多通道GPS原始数据采集系统设计与实现

介绍了基于FPGA实现的多通道GPS原始数据采集系统的实现,完成了系统下变频模块、数字化模块和数据存储模块的设计;在分析信号捕获算法的基础上,对系统进行了试验验证.结果表明,系统采集的原始数据通过软件接收机处理后能够得到GPS卫星信号的捕获、跟踪和数据解调结果.同时该系统具有通道多、存储速率高、采样率可配置和数捂格式可转化等优点,适合不同后处理软件对数据的要求.     

LEO-LEO掩星事件仿真研究

针对LEO-LEO掩星探测可以在不引进外界温度场的情况下,实现湿度和温度的独立反演,并成为未来掩星探测的重要发展领域,该文详细介绍了目前国外主要的LEO-LEO掩星探测计划,通过对LEO-LEO掩星事件的数量及分布进行计算机仿真,分别得出了一天和一个月当中掩星事件发生的数量及在各个经纬度区间的分布情况,并将仿真结果与欧空局的ACCURATE掩星探测计划进行了验证。结果表明:仿真结果与实际情况比较吻合,验证了模型的有效性,可以为国内LEO-LEO掩星探测计划提供一定参考。     

GPS接收机数字基带信号处理算法研究

为了优化GPS接收机数字信号基带处理过程,提高伪距测量精度和GPS定位精度,需要从解扩解调的角度,建立相应同步环路的数学模型,分析GPS接收机基带数字信号处理算法.采用循环相关法作为信号捕获方法,采用Costas环作为信号跟踪方法,在MATLAB环境下实现了相应的算法设计、验证与仿真.验证结果表明这种算法能够为软件CPS接收机提供快速捕获及跟踪能力,是一种适用而高效的软件CPS接收机处理算法,对于开发GPS接收机产品以及开展相关领域的研究工作都具有重要的意义.     

转发式北斗导航卫星信号性能评估的研究与实现

北斗一代在使用过程中存在隐蔽性不良,定位实时性差等问题,为了实现北斗导航信号的性能评估,相对于以往的硬件形式,如硬件接收机、频谱分析仪、矢量网络分析仪等,提出了以软件接收机的方法对北斗导航信号进行性能评估;首先分析了转发式北斗导航信号评估的意义、内容与方法,并采用软件接收机的形式进行评估;然后研究了转发式北斗导航的信号性能评估关键技术,给出了捕获、跟踪、评估参数计算的程序流程;最后根据实测数据在Linux高性能集群系统上进行了测试验证,实现了北斗导航信号的捕获、跟踪以及评估中的评估参数计算;测试结果表明,文章中的设计方法可实现北斗导航信号性能的评估,效果良好,评估内容、指标易于调整,便于软件算法参数的测试、升级,可为后续的卫星导航信号评估以及算法测试等提供了一定的依据。     

试论GPS软件接收机信号的处理算法分析

为了能够在通用处理器上实现GPS软件接收机的功能,需要一套可以适用于GPS软件接收机的信号处理算法。目前,GPS软件接收机是以本地预存的载波表与码表来产生跟踪中所需要的本地载波和伪码,这样就增加了软件接收机的信号处理效率。     

GPS闪烁软件接收机的设计与实现

为了通过实际观测数据提取并实时显示闪烁指数S4,用于电离层闪烁现象的研究和空间天气环境监测.根据电离层闪烁测量的基本原理,主要探讨了用于电离层闪烁测量的GPS软件接收机系统的设计与实现.设计了以GP2015、FPGA和DSP芯片为核心的GPS信号采集处理系统,并在PC机上进一步探讨了信号的捕获、跟踪算法以及电离层幅度闪烁指数S4的提取方法.相关结果表明GPS软件接收机的计算结果与美国硬件闪烁接收机GSV4004的观测结果是一致的.GPS软件接收机的硬件结构可靠,软件算法合理,具有良好的应用和开发价值.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.