宏微观信息增强与色彩校正的高效色调映射

目的 色调映射是一种在保持视觉效果基本不变的前提下将高动态范围图像映射到常规低动态显示设备上进行显示的技术。针对现有方法存在细节模糊、边缘光晕及色彩失真等不足,提出一种宏微观信息增强与色彩校正的色调映射新方法。方法 将给定的高动态范围图像映射到HSV(hue, saturation, value)颜色空间,分离亮度信息与色彩信息。基于人类视觉感知机制,在亮度通道构建宏观一致性和微观显著性的亮度感知压缩模型,并进一步通过调节模型缩放因子消除边缘光晕现象。基于颜色恒常性原理,在色度通道构建自适应饱和度偏移模型,融合亮度压缩信息调整图像的饱和度信息,解决色调映射所造成的主观色彩失真问题。结果 实验结果表明,所提算法在结构保真度、自然度和色调映射质量指数等客观评价方面均优于对比色调映射算法,同时主观平均意见值也取得了最高的4.3分（即好—非常好）。结论 宏微观信息增强的亮度感知压缩模型,在确保场景亮度信息不变的情况下,可以有效增强图像纹理细节的完整性和保真性。融合亮度压缩的饱和度偏移模型可以有效解决亮度压缩导致的图像色彩失真等问题。该色调映射算法效率高、通用性强,可广泛应用于图像压缩、生物医学...     

一种亮度可控与细节保持的高动态范围图像色调映射方法

高动态范围(High dynamic range, HDR)图像通常需压缩其动态范围,以便于进行存储、传输、重现. 本文提出一种具有亮度可控与细节保持特性的HDR图像的全局色调映射方法.该方法对HDR图像 照度直方图进行裁剪与补偿,令色调映射后的低动态范围(Low dynamic range, LDR)图像仍能够保持原有的细节特性, 同时利用概率模型估算出输出LDR图像的亮度与标准差,进而调整直方图亮度区域的分配, 使得输出LDR图像的亮度接近用户设置的亮度,最后以分段直方图均衡的方法进行HDR色调映射处理. 仿真结果表明,该方法能对HDR图像动态范围进行合理的压缩映射,输出的LDR图像的亮度可由用户控制或自适应选择, 同时能保持图像的细节信息,令图像的主观视觉感受对比和谐.     

一种改进的多尺度Retinex色调映射算法

传统的低动态范围显示设备不能很好地表现高动态范围图像信息,针对这一问题,提出一种基于引导滤波的Retinex多尺度分解色调映射算法。该算法使用引导滤波对光照信息进行估计,将高动态范围图像的亮度分为光照层和反射层;然后对反射层分量进行多尺度分解,得到一系列细节层和一个基本层,将细节层和基本层进行合并和色彩还原;最后得到色调映射后的图像。实验结果表明,该算法可以较好地还原真实场景信息,映射后图像的细节和对比度较好,色彩鲜艳。     

HDR到LDR图像的分段式对数映射算法

为了适应低端显示设备输出,需要一定的方法将高动态范围（HDR)图像转换为相应的低动态范围（LDR)图像。如果既考虑到人眼对亮度反应呈对数变化又利用图像自身的亮度分布,对高动态范围图像进行先全局后局部的映射,便得到一种分段式对数映射算法。该算法的复杂度较低,在视觉效果上结合了对数映射和分段映射算法的特点。     

一种基于细节层分离的单曝光HDR图像生成算法

针对利用单幅低动态范围（Low dynamic range,LDR）图像生成高动态范围（High dynamic range,HDR）图像细节信息不足的问题,本文提出了一种基于细节层分离的单曝光HDR图像生成算法.该算法基于人类视觉系统模型,首先分别提取出LDR图像的亮度分量和色度分量,对伽马校正后的亮度分量进行双边滤波,提取出亮度分量的基本层,再对基本层和亮度分量进行遍历运算,得到亮度分量的细节层;然后,构造反色调映射函数,分别对细节层和伽马校正后的亮度图像进行扩展,得到各自的反色调映图像;之后,将反色调映射后亮度分量与压缩后的细节层进行融合,得到新的亮度分量.最后,融合色度分量与新的亮度分量,并对融合后图像进行去噪,得到最终的HDR图像.实验表明该算法能挖掘出部分隐藏的图像细节信息,处理效果较好,运行效率高,具有较好的鲁棒性.     

基于色调映射的快速低照度图像增强

在弱光条件下,图像通常具有低能见度。为了增强低照度图像,提出一种基于全局自适应色调映射的快速增强方法。将图像从RGB颜色空间变换到YUV颜色空间,对亮度通道进行双边滤波,得到基本层和细节层;对基本层图像进行自适应全局色调映射,再叠加细节层的图像信息;恢复图像色彩饱和度,并重新变换到RGB空间。该算法能快速实现增强,且增强效果更显著,尤其对有大面积低像素的图像处理得更好。     

基于图像特征的色调映射方法评价体系

为解决高动态范围图像在传统显示设备中准确显示的问题,将模糊的视觉注意机制转化为确定的特征点个数,提出一种基于图像特征的评价体系,以判别色调映射方法所得结果图像是否保持特征信息。针对图像进行对比度调整,将场景亮度变换到可以显示的范围,同时保持细节与颜色等对于表现原始场景的重要信息。对7种色调映射全局方法,即Logarithmic TMO,Exponential TMO,TumblinRushmeier TMO,Schlick TMO,Ferwerda TMO,Ward Hist Adj TM O,Drago TM O进行比较分析,得出Ward Hist Adj TM O色调映射的整体效果最优。     

基于细节再现的高动态范围图像分层映射算法

针对当前映射算法中亮度的映射函数非适性而引起对比度过度压缩的问题,以及映射时亮度变化改变图像细节可见性的问题,提出了一种基于细节再现的高动态范围(HDR)图像分层映射算法。该算法采用视觉响应曲线作为基础层的映射函数,根据图像局部适应性亮度动态地映射亮度;同时,在Stevens效应的思想基础上依据映射前后亮度变化获得补偿系数,拉伸或压缩细节层。测试结果表明：该映射算法所得图像能正确再现更多的可见细节。     

基于局部适应性的高动态范围图像显示方法

在高动态范围环境中，人眼依靠局部适应性也能够观察到细节变化。提出了一个基于区域信息的局部适应亮度计算方法来模拟局部适应性。使用区域生长法对图像进行分割，然后采用基于区域的双边滤波技术来计算每一像素的局部适应亮度，再联合色调映射算子获得可显示的低动态范围图像。实验结果显示，输出的图像避免了光晕，同时较好地保持了细节。     

高动态图像色调映射技术新进展*

传统显示设备受自身动态范围限制,无法很好地显示高动态图像的效果,需要用色调映射方法进行合理的动态域压缩,获得更好的图像显示质量。综述了现有高动态图像的色调映射技术,首先简要介绍了高动态图像色调映射方法的概念;再介绍了色调映射算子的分类,以色调映射处理方式为主分别介绍了空域不变算法、空域变化算法及混合算法这三大类算子近年来发展起来的各种新方法,并指出各种方法的技术优势及对此进行了归纳总结;最后阐述了该技术的应用领域及其继续发展的方向。     

基于色阶重建的彩色图像增强算法

色阶重建技术已应用于高动态范围图像的处理中.应用色调映射技术和局部亮度适应性原理,提出了彩色图像增强的算法来改善彩色图像的可视性.使用一个参数自适应的可变基的对数函数对亮度图像进行变换,采用双边滤波技术来计算每一像素的局部适应亮度,再对彩色图像的对比度进行调整.实验结果显示,图像的暗区部分获得了较好的可视性和细节,同时对比度获得改善.     

基于多尺度分解的色调映射算法

针对高动态范围(HDR)图像显示于普通显示设备的问题,提出一种新的基于多尺度分解的色调映射(TM)算法。首先利用局部边缘保留(LEP)滤波器对HDR图像进行多尺度分解,有效平滑了图像的细节同时保留了突出的边缘;根据分解后各层的特点和压缩的要求,提出一个带参数的动态范围压缩函数,通过变化参数以便压缩图像的粗尺度层并增强细尺度层,从而压缩图像的动态范围并增强细节;最后重组各层并恢复颜色,所得到的映射后图像具有良好的视觉效果。实验结果证明,该方法在自然度、结构保真度和整体的质量评价上都要优于Gu等(GU B, LI W J, ZHU M Y, et al. Local edge-preserving multiscale decomposition for high dynamic range image tone mapping ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2013, 22(1): 70-79)和Yeganeh等(YEGANEH H, WANG Z. Objective quality assessment of tone-mapped images ［J］. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2013, 22(2): 657-667)提出的方法,同时也避免了局部色调映射算法所普遍存在的光晕效应。该算法可以用于HDR图像的色调映射。     

基于非局部均值的多尺度色调映射

针对高动态范围图像在传统输出设备上的显示问题,给出一个基于非局部均值滤波的多尺度色调映射算法。该算法使用非局部均值滤波对高动态范围图像进行粗化,将图像分解为一个包含大尺度变化的基本层和多个具有小尺度特征的细节层,对基本层和细节层分别进行调整,进行色彩还原。实验结果表明,与双边滤波等算法相比,该算法在较好还原真实场景的同时,不仅避免了光晕现象,也保留更丰富的细节信息。     

Tone mapping to minimize visual sensation distortion considering brightness and local band‐limited contrast

We propose a tone‐mapping algorithm that minimizes the function that represents the visual sensation distortion that occurs after tone mapping. For the function, we consider both brightness and local band‐limited contrast to reduce darkening of images that have high dynamic range when they are displayed with conventional contrast‐based tone mapping using histogram on devices that have low dynamic range. By exploiting human visual characteristics, we simplify the problem and find a closed‐form solution that minimizes the function that represents distortion of visual sensation. In both subjective and objective evaluations, the proposed algorithm achieves a processed image that is most similar to the original image and has the best subjective image quality.     

Rendering of HDR images to improve brightness discrimination

The impression of quality of images can be enhanced on a high dynamic range (HDR) displays. Generally, a conventional 8‐bit image can be processed to an HDR image by inverse tone mapping operators. Among the operators, brightness discrimination mapping by applying brightness adaptation model attempted to mimic the human visual system. In this paper, we use a brightness adaptation model to derive a brightness discrimination mapping algorithm for HDR displays. The proposed algorithm maximizes a function, which represents the local and global brightness discrimination range by exploiting characteristics of the human visual system. Enhancement of details is verified by visualizing HDR images from dark to bright regions. Improvement of dynamic range is quantified by measuring increased discrimination ratio.     

Algorithms for the analysis and visualization of high dynamic range images based on human perception

High dynamic range images are used to store and transfer an extended range of intensities to render them on a display. To reproduce such images on displays with a lower range, tone mapping algorithms are used. The tone mapping algorithm described in this paper is a modification of the globally optimized linear windowed tone mapping algorithm. This modification is based on the human vision system model; it makes it possible to improve the results produced by the algorithm and replaces the nonintuitive parameters with a number of intuitively clear ones the variation of which in a high range does not visually distort the image. The high quality of the results produced by the algorithm is confirmed by the high TMQI index and the low value of the DRIM metric.     

Luminance adaptation transform based on brightness functions for LDR image reproduction

Tone mapping algorithms are used for image processing to reduce the dynamic range of an image to be displayed on low dynamic range (LDR) devices. The Retinex, which was developed using multi-scale and luminance-based methods, is one of the tone mapping algorithms for dynamic range compression, color constancy and color rendition. Retinex algorithms still have drawbacks, such as lower contrast and desaturation. This paper proposes a multi-scale luminance adaptation transform (MLAT) based on visual brightness functions for the enhancement of contrast and saturation of rendered images. In addition, the proposed algorithm was used to estimate the minimum and maximum luminance and a visual gamma function for local adapted viewing conditions. MLAT showed enhanced contrast and better color representation than the conventional methods in the objective evaluations (CIEDE200 and VCM).     

HDR VolVis: high dynamic range volume visualization

In this paper, we present an interactive high dynamic range volume visualization framework (HDR VolVis) for visualizing volumetric data with both high spatial and intensity resolutions. Volumes with high dynamic range values require high precision computing during the rendering process to preserve data precision. Furthermore, it is desirable to render high resolution volumes with low opacity values to reveal detailed internal structures, which also requires high precision compositing. High precision rendering will result in a high precision intermediate image (also known as high dynamic range image). Simply rounding up pixel values to regular display scales will result in loss of computed details. Our method performs high precision compositing followed by dynamic tone mapping to preserve details on regular display devices. Rendering high precision volume data requires corresponding resolution in the transfer function. To assist the users in designing a high resolution transfer function on a limited resolution display device, we propose a novel transfer function specification interface with nonlinear magnification of the density range and logarithmic scaling of the color/opacity range. By leveraging modern commodity graphics hardware, multiresolution rendering techniques and out-of-core acceleration, our system can effectively produce an interactive visualization of large volume data, such as 2.048/sup 3/.