数码显微镜硬件与软件的研制

详细介绍了数码显微镜硬件设备的选取和性能以及软件算法的集成两大方面内容。其中的图像处理软件PHOTOLIB○R集成了目前国内外一些实用与新颖的算法 ,可极大限度地满足国内外用户的需求     

一种数据采集分析应用软件的开发

针对已开发的自动变速器数据采集器,开发了一套与之相匹配的用户采集分析软件。软件通过驱动程序提供的接口函数,获取采集器通过USB总线上传的数据;软件对数据进行解压分析,实现自动识别信号类型;设计了软件抗干扰模块,提出了浮动加权算法进行滤波处理;最终实现了自动分析出自动变速器换档工作时序图的应用需求。现场应用测试表明:该软件运行稳定,提出的滤波算法实用、有效。     

Modular software platform for low-dose electron microscopy and tomography

Transmission electron microscopy imaging protocols required by structural scientists vary widely and can be laborious without tailor-made applications. We present here the jeol automated microscopy expert system ( james ) api integrator , a programming library for computer control of transmission electron microscopy operations and equipment. james has been implemented on JEOL microscopes with Gatan CCDs but is designed to be modular so it can be adapted to run on different microscopes and detectors. We have used the james api integrator to develop two applications for low-dose digital imaging: james imaging application and the mr t tomographic imaging application. Both applications have been widely used within our NCRR-supported Center for routine data collection and are now made available for public download.     

基于CPLD的高速隔离数据采集系统设计

文中设计了一种基于CPLD的高速隔离数据采集系统,包括对数据的采集、处理、传输及存储等模块。系统以CPLD作为核心控制单元,采用高速ADC芯片,精准运放,高速信号隔离器,高速大容量SRAM以及LVDS总线传输方式,可测电压范围宽至±600 V,多处设隔离保护电路。文中详细阐述了系统硬件电路设计,并进行了功能性测试,测试结果表明系统采集速率高、转换精度高、抗干扰能力强,使整个系统稳定而可靠。     

基于组态软件的制冷压缩机性能测试台系统软件开发

介绍了用组态王6．0软件开发的全自动制冷压缩机性能测试台的软件系统，以及开发过程中所遇到的问题及解决方法。     

基于FPGA高速大容量数据采集与存储系统

根据某型号监测系统需具备长时间连续采集和存储的要求,将高速A/D转换器、CycloneⅡ系列的FPGA和高速SDRAM作为数据采集和处理的主体,结合大容量存储介质,设计一种基于FPGA的高速大容量数据采集与存储系统,具有速度快、实时性高、成本低和容易扩展等特点。     

多路容栅数据采集系统设计及软件开发

阐述了多路容栅数据采集系统的构成,并介绍了一种基于此系统的简洁方便的软件开发方法。     

Integration of a high‐NA light microscope in a scanning electron microscope

We present an integrated light‐electron microscope in which an inverted high‐NA objective lens is positioned inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The SEM objective lens and the light objective lens have a common axis and focal plane, allowing high‐resolution optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy on the same area of a sample simultaneously. Components for light illumination and detection can be mounted outside the vacuum, enabling flexibility in the construction of the light microscope. The light objective lens can be positioned underneath the SEM objective lens during operation for sub‐10 μm alignment of the fields of view of the light and electron microscopes. We demonstrate in situ epifluorescence microscopy in the SEM with a numerical aperture of 1.4 using vacuum‐compatible immersion oil. For a 40‐nm‐diameter fluorescent polymer nanoparticle, an intensity profile with a FWHM of 380 nm is measured whereas the SEM performance is uncompromised. The integrated instrument may offer new possibilities for correlative light and electron microscopy in the life sciences as well as in physics and chemistry.     

LVDS技术的高速串行图像数据采集系统的设计

重点研究了导引头图像数据凝视发送方式和线扫交替发送方式模式下的信号转换方法,并比较了FIFO操作和乒乓操作2种信号处理的特点,以及它们对系统采集时序的影响;经实验测试,采用乒乓操作方法对线扫发送的图像信号进行处理,简化了图像采集的软件设计。     

基于RTLinux的全软件数控系统

分析了目前全软件数控系统的特点,给出了一种在Linux平台上采用RTLinux实时扩展来构建全软件数控系统的方案。该方案将整个软数控系统分为界面层、管理层和控制层,分别处理数控系统的图形界面、非实时任务和实时任务。其中,控制层作为软数控系统的核心,由软计算机数字控制模块和软可编程的逻辑控制模块组成,分别完成对机床进给轴的伺服控制以及对机床辅助机构的逻辑控制;控制层采用RTLinux内核实时线程处理多个实时任务,并采用实时管道作为数据缓冲区。利用RTLinux的高精度定时周期以及合理的实时缓冲区管理,保证了系统的实时性。     

激光熔覆信号采集系统开发

采用MPS-010602数据采集卡,实现对激光熔覆加工过程中蓝紫光、红外辐射、可听声三路信号同步采集。本文主要介绍基于LabVIEW软件开发平台数据采集程序与数据储存程序的设计。     

利用遗传算法的减速器优化设计CAD软件开发

介绍了分级模块式减速器CAD软件的开发指导思想,分析了软件系统优化方案的实现;恰当地选择了遗传算法来处理连续、整型和离散变量的优化问题,并讨论了遗传算法实施过程中需要解决的几个关键问题.     

Review of free software tools for image analysis of fluorescence cell micrographs

An increasing number of free software tools have been made available for the evaluation of fluorescence cell micrographs. The main users are biologists and related life scientists with no or little knowledge of image processing. In this review, we give an overview of available tools and guidelines about which tools the users should use to segment fluorescence micrographs. We selected 15 free tools and divided them into stand‐alone, Matlab‐based, ImageJ‐based, free demo versions of commercial tools and data sharing tools. The review consists of two parts: First, we developed a criteria catalogue and rated the tools regarding structural requirements, functionality (flexibility, segmentation and image processing filters) and usability (documentation, data management, usability and visualization). Second, we performed an image processing case study with four representative fluorescence micrograph segmentation tasks with figure‐ground and cell separation. The tools display a wide range of functionality and usability. In the image processing case study, we were able to perform figure‐ground separation in all micrographs using mainly thresholding. Cell separation was not possible with most of the tools, because cell separation methods are provided only by a subset of the tools and are difficult to parametrize and to use. Most important is that the usability matches the functionality of a tool. To be usable, specialized tools with less functionality need to fulfill less usability criteria, whereas multipurpose tools need a well‐structured menu and intuitive graphical user interface.     

软件项目计划质量对于软件项目风险的影响

在软件项目开发过程中,人们通常认为高风险会对项目的成功产生影响。本文给出了一个评定软件项目计划优劣的指标体系,根据收集到的软件项目开发人员给出的数据进行研究,发现通过提高软件项目计划的质量可以实现对于高风险软件项目的成功改进,同时我们得到结论,风险并不对软件项目的成功起到显著作用,这充分说明了软件项目计划的重要性。     

A fluorescence scanning electron microscope

Fluorescence techniques are widely used in biological research to examine molecular localization, while electron microscopy can provide unique ultrastructural information. To date, correlative images from both fluorescence and electron microscopy have been obtained separately using two different instruments, i.e. a fluorescence microscope (FM) and an electron microscope (EM). In the current study, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (JEOL JXA8600 M) was combined with a fluorescence digital camera microscope unit and this hybrid instrument was named a fluorescence SEM (FL-SEM). In the labeling of FL-SEM samples, both Fluolid, which is an organic EL dye, and Alexa Fluor, were employed. We successfully demonstrated that the FL-SEM is a simple and practical tool for correlative fluorescence and electron microscopy.     

软件性能测试在地质资料管理系统中的应用

介绍了在中国石化地质资料管理信息系统建设项目中,通过使用性能测试及系统监控软件,实现了对该系统的性能测试任务。并简要介绍了Web系统性能测试的通用过程和测试手段,进而确保系统的稳定可靠运行。     

径向直叶片湿式旋流除尘器数据采集系统

为研究径向直叶片湿式旋流除尘器性能,利用PCI-1711L数据采集卡、Sailsors TF-120热式流量计、SWRProSens 304静电粉尘探测仪及PC机构成硬件框架,使用VB编写PC端采集软件建立数据采集系统。文中介绍了系统的硬件构成和主要功能模块的设计,系统实现了对除尘器运行时进出口的粉尘浓度、风量、运行压力、温度的在线监测,实时数据曲线,智能建立数据库等功能。采集结果对研究径向直叶片湿式旋流除尘器性能及其自动化控制有指导意义。     

单片机实时数据采集系统设计

介绍了基于AT89C52和ADS774的实时数据采集系统,对系统硬件结构、工作原理和软件主要模块功能和流程作了较详细的论述,同时给出了核心程序。     

Real-time software methodologies: Are they suitable for developing Manufacturing control software?

Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) systems may be classified as real-time systems. Hence, the applicability of methodologies that are developed for specifying, designing, implementing, testing, and evolving real-time software is investigated in this article.The paper highlights the activities of the software development process. Among these activities, a great emphasis is placed on automating the software requirements specification activity, and a set of formal models and languages for specifying these requirements is presented. Moreover, a synopsis of the real-time software methodologies that have been implemented by the academic and industrial communities is presented together with a critique of the strengths and weaknesses of these methodologies.The possible use of the real-time methodologies in developing the control software of efficient and dependable manufacturing systems is explored. In these systems, efficiency is achieved by increasing the level of concurrency of the operations of a plan, and by scheduling the execution of these operations with the intent of maximizing the utilization of the devices of their systems. On the other hand, dependability requires monitoring the operations of these systems. This monitoring activity facilitates the detection of faults that may occur when executing the scheduled operations of a plan, recovering from these faults, and, whenever feasible, resuming the original schedule of the system.The paper concludes that the set of surveyed methodologies may be used to develop the real-time control software of efficient and dependable manufacturing systems. However, an integrated approach to planning, scheduling, and monitoring the operations of these systems will significantly enhance their utility, and no such approach is supported by any of these methodologies.     

A versatile multipurpose scanning probe microscope

A combined scanning probe microscope has been developed that allows simultaneous operation as a non‐contact/tapping mode atomic force microscope, a scattering near‐field optical microscope, and a scanning tunnelling microscope on conductive samples. The instrument is based on a commercial optical microscope. It operates with etched tungsten tips and exploits a tuning fork detection system for tip/sample distance control. The system has been tested on a p‐doped silicon substrate with aluminium depositions, being able to discriminate the two materials by the electrical and optical images with a lateral resolution of 130 nm.