木城涧煤矿异常条件下回采底分层空间模拟试验研究

通过对北京矿务局木城涧煤矿不具备常规条件下十槽煤底分层的相似材料模拟试验研究,证明了回采上分层时顶板冒落情况和矿压显现规律,初步探明了留与不留煤皮假顶情况下,回采下分层时顶板岩层二次失稳情况和矿压显现规律,为类似条件下开采底分层制定合理的回采方案、安全技术措施等提供重要的依据.     

急倾斜放顶煤矿压显现规律的观测与研究

通过对宜洛煤矿李沟井伪俯料放顶煤回采工作面的矿压观测,从4个方面研究了急倾斜伪俯斜放顶煤工作面矿压显现规律;（1）工作面的初次来压、周期来压步距和来压强度;（2）沿工作面走向控制区内的顶板压力状况,以及生产工序对控制区内支柱载荷的影响;（3）研究了沿倾斜方向矿压显现特点,分析了与近水平煤层矿压显现不同的原因;（4）观测了上下巷矿压显现规律,并分析了上下巷压力不同的原因．用统计法对伪俯斜放顶煤采煤法和分层开采上下巷矿压显现作了对比。     

薄煤层坚硬顶板采场矿压显现规律研究

根据大峪沟炭煤矿薄煤层坚硬顶板工作面支护改革前后矿压观测结果,分析了两种不同支护形式对顶板的控制作用,揭示薄煤层坚硬顶板条件下工作面矿压显现规律,为工作面支护改革和生产安全管理提供了科学依据.     

两硬综放面矿压显现规律研究

根据忻州窑矿８９１６综放面的矿压观测，系统地分析了两硬条件下综放开采的矿压显现规律。文章的结论是：两硬条件下的综放面既具有坚硬顶板带冲击载荷的悬梁式破断规律，又具有综放开采的动载系数小，支架载荷低的显现特征，采场控制仍要有高强度的支撑和必要的顶板预处理措施。     

薄煤层坚硬顶板采场矿压显现规律研究

根据大峪沟炭煤矿薄煤层坚硬顶板工作面支护改革前后矿压观测结果,分析了两种不同支护形式对顶板的控制作用,揭示薄煤层坚硬顶板条件下工作面矿压显现规律,为工作面支护改革和生产安全管理提供了科学依据.     

宝雨山矿放顶煤工作面矿山压力显现规律研究与分析

通过利用GSJ-1型矿压仪、DZ-WCI型单体液压支柱工作阻力检验仪及钢卷尺对宝雨山煤矿11103放顶煤工作面进行了全面矿压观测和研究,掌握了顶板运动规律、工作面矿压显现特征和顶板控制特征.对11103采煤面所使用的支护设备的可靠性和适应性进行了评价,为工作面设备的改进与更新提供了参考;确定了采动影响范围及支承压力分布规律,为合理选择工作面支护方式提供了依据.     

宝雨山矿放顶煤工作面矿山压力显现规律研究与分析

通过利用GSJ-1型矿压仪、DZ—WCI型单体液压支柱工作阻力检验仪及钢卷尺对宝雨山煤矿11103放顶煤工作面进行了全面矿压观测和研究,掌握了顶板运动规律、工作面矿压显现特征和顶板控制特征．对11103采煤面所使用的支护设备的可靠性和适应性进行了评价,为工作面设备的改进与更新提供了参考;确定了采动影响范围及支承压力分布规律,为合理选择工作面支护方式提供了依据．     

上层煤柱下综放沿空回采巷道矿压规律研究

为揭示上层残留煤柱下综放沿空回采巷道矿压显现规律,有效控制围岩变形,根据阳泉一矿8902综放面地质与开采条件,结合现场沿空回采巷道矿压观测结果,应用FLAC3D数值模拟计算分析回采巷道塑性区发育及应力分布情况.研究表明,综放回采巷道在上层残留煤柱影响与本层煤回采引起的应力重新分布耦合作用下,回风巷两帮及顶底移近量高达1985,1877mm,局部断面不足2m2,严重制约了工作面安全高效生产,采取合理布置回采巷道及减小区段煤柱宽度等措施可有效维护巷道.     

巨厚砾岩层下综放采场矿压显现规律

巨厚砾岩层下综放采场矿压显现规律研究对于采场围岩控制和安全生产具有重要的现实意义.采用理论分析和义马矿区千秋煤矿矿压观测方法进行研究,得出结论为:综放工作面围岩可控程度属于难控围岩,即采场顶底板围岩控制困难.选出了ZF7000-18/28型放顶煤基本支架及其综放面合理配套设备;现场观测研究了综放面矿压显现规律,得出了采场顶板来压步距、来压强度等参数.采场矿压显现明显,不同区域来压具有不一致性.顶板周期来压时支架循环末工作阻力最大值为4 307.70 kN,为支架额定工作阻力的61.54%.因此,采场支架可靠性能较高,现场应用试验效果显著,矿井实现了"一井一面"生产模式,推动了安全高效矿井建设.     

徐州矿区东部夏桥系回采巷道矿压显现规律和支护改革通过鉴定

我院与徐州矿务局合作进行的“徐州矿区东部夏桥系回采巷道矿压显现规律和支护改革”的研究课题,在江苏省煤炭总公司的主持下,于84年1月5—7日经来自全国有关局矿,科研院、所,大专院校等100多位代表评议,通过鉴定。与会同志听取了技术报告,并对可缩性方环形和长环形支架的井下工业性试验及加工情况进行了检查。认为该项研究,巷道矿压观测内容丰富,手段多样,基本掌握了有关地区回采巷道矿压显现规律。从而得出底臌量占顶底板移近量的70～90％;围岩内部的强烈活动区     

大雁矿区褐煤层综放开采合理顶煤厚度的研究

在大量实验室相似材料模拟试验及现场实践的基础上,探讨了低变质褐煤进行放工开采时顶煤运移的特殊规律,给出了大雁夏区综放开采顶煤的运移规律和合理的分层厚度。     

巨厚煤层冲击地压的防治研究

通过对义煤集团千秋煤矿有冲击倾向巨厚煤层冲击现象现状、特点及影响因素分析,结合该矿的生产实践,提出了适合该条件的冲击危险预测方法及相应解危措施,并进一步提出解危措施效果检验方法以及以上工作失败、冲击地压突发情况下的应急措施;在此基础上建立了适合义煤千秋矿巨厚煤层冲击地压防治的安全开采体系,成功地进行了巨厚煤层的综放开采,从而为有冲击倾向巨厚煤层的安全开采提供了成功范例.     

深部煤层瓦斯赋存规律及钻孔抽采有效半径研究

实测了新庄孜矿深部低透气性煤层的瓦斯压力、煤层透气性系数、瓦斯含量、瓦斯涌出衰减系数和自然排放半径等基础参数;在此基础上,数值模拟计算了钻孔抽采瓦斯的有效半径。研究结果表明,煤层的透气性是决定钻孔有效排采半径的主导因素。为提高低透气性煤层抽采瓦斯钻孔预抽消突效果,应积极采取措施提高煤层透气性系数。     

Arch structure effect of the coal gangue flow of the fully mechanized caving in special thick coal seam and its impact on the loss of top coal

Based on the characteristics of the top coal thickness of the fully mechanized caving in special thick coal seam,the long distance of coal gangue caving,as well as the different sizes of the coal gangue broken fragment dimension and spatial variation of drop flow,this paper uses laboratory dispersion simulation experiment and theoretical analysis to study the arch structure effect and its influence rule on the top coal loss in the process of coal gangue flow.Research shows that in the process of coal gangue flow,arch structure can be formed in three types:the lower arch structure,middle arch structure,and upper arch structure.Moreover,the arch structure has the characteristics of dynamic random arch,the formation probability of dynamic random arch with different layers is not the same,dynamic random arch caused the reduction of the top coal fluency;analyzing the dynamic random arch formation mechanism,influencing factors,and the conditions of instability;the formation probability of the lower arch structure is the highest,the whole coal arch and the coal gangue arch structure has the greatest impact on top coal loss.Therefore,to prevent or reduce the formation of lower whole coal arch structure,the lower coal gangue arch structure and the middle whole coal arch structure is the key to reduce the top coal loss.The research conclusion provides theoretical basis for the further improvement of the top coal recovery rate of the fully mechanized caving in extra thick coal seam.     

Damage statistical mechanics model of top coal in steep top caving coal

Damage statistical mechanics model of horizontal section height in the top caving was constructed in the paper. The influence factors including supporting pressure, dip angle and characteristic of coal on horizontal section height were analyzed as well. By terms of the practice project analysis, the horizontal section height increases with the increase of dip angle β and thickness of coal seam M. Dip angle of coal seam β has tremendous impact on horizontal section height, while thickness of coal seam M has slight impact. When thickness of coal seam is below 10m, horizontal section height increases sharply. While thickness exceeds 15m, it is not major factor influencing on horizontal section height any long.     

深井中厚煤层突出预测敏感指标临界值研究

＂突出＂已成为我国煤矿安全生产的主要隐患之一,＂突出＂防治成为矿井安全工作的重中之重。采掘工作面突出危险性预测预报敏感指标的确定是矿井综合防突体系中重要的环节,为了有效预测及防治深部矿井工作面采掘过程中煤与瓦斯突出事故,采用理论分析、实验室分析和现场试验相结合的多种研究手段,获得了试验区13-1煤层突出预测敏感指标及其临界值,S0=6.0 kg/m,q〈4.0 L/m in.m,无突出危险;q≥8.0 L/m in.m,有突出危险;{4.0≤q〈8.0 L/m in.m}∩{Cq〉0.65}无突出危险;{4.0≤q〈8.0 L/m in.m}∩{Cq≤0.65}有突出危险。结果表明,确定的指标及其临界值合理有效,指导试验区安全掘进6 000m,并得到有效推广应用,技术经济效益显著。     

Top coal caving mining technique in thick coal seam beneath the earth dam

It is important to study the mining technology under structures for raising the coal resources recovery ratio. Based on the geological and mining conditions, the top coal caving harmonic mining technique in thick coal seam beneath the earth dam was put forward and studied. The 5 factors such as the panel mining direction, panel size, panel location, panel mining sequence and panel advance velocity were taken into account in this technique. The dam movement and deformation were predicted after the thick coal seam mining and the effects of mining on the dam were studied. By setting up the surveying stations on the dam, the movement and deformation of the dam were observed during mining. By taking some protective measures on the dam, the top coal caving mining technique in thick coal seam beneath the earth dam was carried out successfully. The study demonstrates that harmonic mining in thick coal seam is feasible under the dam. The safety of the earth dam after mining was ensured and the coal resources recovery ratio was improved.     

准格尔煤田串草圪旦煤矿4#煤煤相研究

运用煤岩学方法和地球化学方法,探讨了内蒙古准格尔煤田南部串草圪旦煤矿4#煤的煤岩特征和煤相类型。研究发现,4#煤层的显微组分富集镜质组,煤相类型主要为潮湿森林沼泽相,在沼泽的整个演化过程中,还偶尔出现了开阔水域沼泽相和覆水森林沼泽相,沼泽的演变可划分为2个阶段。4#煤层从下到上覆水程度总体上呈现强-弱-强变化的特点,4#煤层的沼泽水流表现为滞留沼泽和活水沼泽周期性交替出现。     

滑移支架放顶煤工作面煤岩活动特点及其控制

本文结合我国滑移顶粱液压支架放顶煤开采的实践，对滑移支架放顶煤工作面顶煤的玻碎和放出规律进行了研究，指出工作面长度、煤层强度、开采深度及煤层结构等是影响顶煤破碎和放出效果的主要因素，同时指出顶煤的玻碎是顶煤与上覆岩层相互作用的结果，而支架仅起辅助破煤的作用。     

Top coal flows in an excavation disturbed zone of high section top coal caving of an extremely steep and thick seam

Compared with gentle dip long-wall caving, the length of a working face in fully-mechanized top-coal caving for extremely steep and thick seams is short, while its horizontal section is high with increasing production. But the caving ratio is low, which might result in some disasters, such as roof falls, induced by local and large area collapse of the top coal in a working face and dangers induced by gas accumulation. After the development of cracks and weakening of the coal body, the tall, broken section of the top coal (a granular medium) of an extremely steep seam (over 60°) shows clear characteristics of nonlinear movement, We have thoroughly analyzed the geological environment and mining conditions of an excavation disturbed zone. Based on the results from a physical experiment of large-scale 3D modeling and coupling simulation of top coal-water-gas, we conclude that the weakened top coal can be regarded as a non-continuous medium. We used a particle flow code program to compare and analyze migration processes and the movements of a 30 m high section top coal over time before and after weakening of an extremely steep seam in the Weihuliang coal mine. The results of our simulation,experiment and monitoring show that pre-injection of water and pre-splitting blasting improve caving ability and symmetrical caving, relieve space for large area dynamic collapse of top coal, prolong migration time of noxious gases and release them from the mined out area and so achieve safety in mining.