原子荧光法一次消解同时测定生活饮用水中痕量总砷总硒含量

本试验主要应用原子荧光光度计一次消解同时测定生活饮用水中痕量总砷总硒含量。方法:本文确定了方法的检出限(硒0.02μg/L;砷0.019μg/L)定量限(砷0.20μg/L;硒0.20μg/L),线性范围(0.2.00～10.00μg/L),对该方法的精密度(相对标准偏差为2.80%～5.25%)及准确度(回收率为95.0%～102%)进行了测定。结论:该方法适用于生活饮用水中痕量总砷总硒含量的测定。操作简便、快速、节省时间和试剂、自动化程度高、适合大批量样品的测定。     

全自动消解-原子荧光法测定管网水中硒和砷

建立了全自动湿法消解–氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法同时对水中痕量硒（Se）和砷（As）元素进行分析测定的方法。标准曲线线性关系良好（r≥0.9995）,方法加标回收率（n=6）为89.0%～104.2%,RSD值（n=6）为1.3%～6.4%,方法检出限分别为0.048μg/L及0.051μg/L。该法具有操作简单和高效分析的优点,并成功用于大批量水中硒和砷的同时定量分析。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法同时测定水中的痕量砷和硒

研究了使用氢化物发生-原子荧光法同时测定水中的痕量砷和硒的最佳测试条件,结果表明,在优化的条件下,砷和硒线性范围为0~40μg/L,砷和硒的检出限分别为0.03、0.02μg/L。精密度与准确度试验结果满意,该法可满足地表水、地下水及废水中砷和硒的测试要求。     

微波消解-原子荧光光谱法测定莱芜香肠中的砷和汞

建立了一种测定莱芜香肠中砷和汞的微波消解-原子荧光光谱法,莱芜香肠样品微波消解后,采用标准曲线法进行测定。结果表明,砷与汞的线性范围分别为0.0~8.0μg/L及0.0~0.8μg/L;相关系数分别为0.99967和0.99977;砷的加标回收率为97.7%~101.0%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.88%,检出限为0.052μg/L;汞的加标回收率为96.4%~102.9%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.09%,检出限为0.003μg/L。结果显示该方法灵敏度高、简便快捷、可准确测定莱芜香肠中砷和汞的含量。     

原子荧光光谱法测定烟草中的硒

建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱(HG_AFS)法测定烟草及烟草制品中微量硒的方法,即先用4体积HNO3+1体积HClO4混合酸消化烟草样品,而后用HG_AFS仪测定消化液中的硒含量。该法的线性范围为0~250μg/L,检出限0.18μg/L,RSD<6.0%,回收率为92.5%~97.5%。     

应用阴离子交换树脂法进行食品中砷形态的研究

目的建立溶剂提取-阴离子交换树脂分离-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定食品中无机砷、一甲基胂(MMA)和二甲基胂(DMA)的方法。方法以水-甲醇为提取剂,阴离子交换树脂分离,HG-AFS检测。结果方法检出限以砷计分别为:无机砷(As(Ⅲ) As(Ⅴ))0·34μg/L、MMA0·57μg/L、DMA0·46μg/L;20μg/L砷标准偏差为:无机砷2·45%、MMA3·34%、DMA4·96%。在0~50μg/L砷量范围校正曲线线性关系良好。试样加标回收率为:无机砷95·40%~97·00%,MMA97·80%~104·80%,DMA104·23%~107·50%。结论对海带、紫菜等海产品及大米等食品的检测,证明该方法简便易行。     

原子荧光光度法测定柠檬酸中的砷

建立氢化物发生——原子荧光光度法测定柠檬酸中微量砷的新方法,线性范围为0—120μg/L,检出限13.8μg/L,回收率92％～95％;试验了微量消化和微波消化两种样品的处理方法。该方法简便快速、灵敏、准确,为测定同类样品中的砷提供了可行性方法。     

食品添加剂中砷和铅的微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定

采用微波消解方法,一次性分解样品,氢化物发生-原子荧光法,分别在硫脲、L-半胱氨酸和草酸、铁氰化钾存在下,实现了食品添加剂中砷、铅的测定,并对各种分析条件进行了优化和探讨。测定砷、铅回收率分别为97.0%~103.0%、98.7%~105.6%。检出限分别为0.35μg/L和0.12μg/L,用该方法测定食品添加剂中的砷、铅,结果满意。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定茶叶中的微量砷

采用湿法消解改进技术进行样品前处理,以硫脲 抗坏血酸为预还原剂,用氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定茶叶中的微量砷.样品消解和测定的条件得到优化.线性范围为2.0μg/L～20.0μg/L,回归方程的相关系数为O.99196,方法的检出限为O.46μg/L,RSD为1.87%,回收率在92.8%～106.2%之间.     

连续流动氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定果酒中砷含量

建立了连续流动氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法(HG-AAS)测定果酒中砷含量的方法,并对实验条件及测定的干扰情况进行分析讨论.方法的特征浓度为0.17μg/L,检出限为0.014μg/L,样品精密度为0.95%～2.28%,样品加标回收率为90.2%～96.8%.该方法具有灵敏度高、精密度好、检出限低、操作简单等优点,适合果酒中微量砷的定量测定.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the