基于模拟退火及蜂群算法的优化特征选择算法

为了解决中文文本分类中初始特征空间维数过高带来的“维数灾难”问题,提高分类精度和分类效率,提出了一种基于模拟退火及蜂群算法的优化特征选择算法.该算法中,以蜂群算法流程为主体,根据蜜蜂群体觅食的特点快速寻找最优解,并且针对蜂群算法容易陷入局部最优解的问题,把模拟退火算法机制引入其中.该算法既保留了蜂群算法群体寻优的特点,又可以有效地避免陷入局部最优解.通过选择合适的收益率函数和温度下降函数,用实验的方法与卡方统计、信息增益和互信息等算法进行比较,表明了该算法的可行性和有效性.     

维适应人工蜂群算法的研究

针对于基本人工蜂群算法对于改进维数以及改进维的选择没有充分利用历史搜索信息的问题提出一种维适应机制.由于不同优化问题适用的改进维数不同,而历史搜索信息中蕴含成功经验,构建改进维数成功历史档案并形成适应机制,使算法能够随着具体问题的优化过程适应到合适的改进维数,提高候选解搜索的成功率;在跟随蜂搜索阶段,保持一定比例随机选维的同时引入当前最优解信息对改进维的选择进行指导,在保证维选择适度随机性的同时更快适应到有潜能的维进行搜索,提升算法的收敛能力.采用CEC2014基准测试集与当前先进的5个改进的人工蜂群算法进行实验对比分析,结果及其统计检验表明,提出算法具有更好的求解精度、鲁棒性和收敛能力.     

基于多维贪婪搜索的人工蜂群算法

人工蜂群算法在多峰高维函数优化问题的求解上取得了较好的结果,但随着函数的复杂度及维数增高,仍存在收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等问题。为此,提出一种新的人工蜂群算法。将人工蜂群对食物源的单维贪婪搜索改进为多维贪婪搜索以增强蜂群的搜索能力,避免在个别维度上出现较优解的食物源由于达到更新阈值却被废弃而造成迂回搜索的现象,引入扰动搜索机制避免迭代后期食物源位置在个别维度收敛导致算法陷入局部最优。仿真实验结果表明,该算法能保持深度挖掘和广度搜索上的平衡,在高维函数优化问题求解的收敛速度和计算精度方面表现出较好的性能。     

基于动态评价选择策略的改进人工蜂群算法

针对标准人工蜂群(ABC)算法易陷入局部极值的问题,对标准ABC算法的轮盘赌选择机制进行了修改,提出了一种基于动态评价选择策略的改进人工蜂群(DSABC)算法。首先,根据到当前为止一定迭代次数内蜜源位置的连续更新或停滞次数,对每个蜜源位置进行动态评价;然后,利用所得的评价函数值为蜜源招募跟随蜂。在6个经典测试函数上的实验结果表明:与标准ABC算法相比,动态评价选择策略改进了标准ABC算法的选择机制,使得DSABC算法的求解精度有较大幅度提高,特别是对于两种不同维数的Rosenbrock函数,所得最优值的绝对误差分别由0.0017和0.0013减小到0.000049和0.000057;而且,DSABC算法克服了进化后期因群体位置多样性丢失较快而产生的早熟收敛现象,提高了整个种群的收敛精度及解的稳定性,从而为函数优化问题提供了一种高效可靠的求解方法。     

求解连续空间优化问题的改进蜂群算法

为了有效地解决人工蜂群算法容易陷入局部最优的缺陷,提出了一种改进蜂群算法。首先,利用反向学习方法构建初始种群,以提高初始化解的质量。同时,利用分布估计算法构造优秀个体解空间的概率模型以进行邻域搜索,以改善算法的搜索性能并防止陷入局部最优。对连续空间优化问题进行了仿真实验,结果表明改进算法具有较快的收敛速度,全局寻优能力显著提高。     

数据立方体选择的改进遗传算法

数据立方体选择问题是一个NP完全问题。研究了利用遗传算法来解决立方体选择问题,提出了一个结合局部搜索机制的遗传算法。这一算法的核心思想在于,首先运用一个基于单位空间最大收益值的预处理算法来生成初始解,然后该初始解经结合了局部搜索机制的遗传算法进行提高。实验结果表明,该算法在寻优性能上优于启发式算法和经典遗传算法。     

煤矿井下超宽带定位混合解算方法

超宽带定位是根据基站测定的标记点距离,基于一组非线性定位方程组,通过泰勒(Taylor)级数展开算法、Chan算法或最小二乘法解算获得精确的设备位置。其中,Taylor级数展开算法的求解精度高,但是对初始值具有很强的依赖性,如果初始值选择不恰当,会导致算法不收敛。针对上述问题,提出了一种结合头脑风暴优化(BSO)和Taylor级数展开的混合解算(BSO-Taylor)方法。采用BSO算法求解移动站到基站的误差函数最小化的最优解,将最优个体的到达时间差(TDOA)值作为Taylor级数展开算法的初始值,进行Taylor展开解算得到定位信息,解决了Taylor级数展开算法需要较好初始值的问题。对Chan算法、Taylor级数展开算法和BSO-Taylor混合解算方法的结果进行了对比实验,结果表明,BSO-Taylor混合解算方法通过全局搜索策略,获得了接近于真实位置的迭代初始值,既可以获得接近真值的定位性能,又解决了Taylor级数展开算法对不良初始值的敏感性;相较于Chan算法,BSO-Taylor混合解算方法的解算结果更加稳定,且准确性更好;相较于初始位置为真实位置的Taylor级数展开算法,BSO-Taylor混合解算方法的解算误差稍大;定位距离的变化和TDOA测量值标准差的变化对Taylor级数展开算法和BSOTaylor混合解算方法的影响基本一致,而对Chan算法的影响较大。     

深层加速搜索的蜂群算法

蜂群(ABC)算法是近年来提出的一种求解优化问题的较新型的仿生进化算法。针对蜂群算法的不足,依据反向搜索的思想,提出一种改进的蜂群算法。在改进算法中,每次邻域搜索之后,通过比较新旧食物源位置的花蜜值(而非适应度)来选择保留较优解。同时,在采蜜蜂采蜜后以一定概率进行反向搜索,保留较优解。邻域搜索的维数也不再限定某一维。基于五个标准测试函数的仿真结果表明,本算法能有效加快收敛速度,提高最优解的精度,其性能明显优于基本的蜂群算法。     

带蜂群策略的粒子群算法训练人工神经网络研究

提出一种带蜂群策略的粒子群优化算法,并将算法应用于神经网络训练。将蜂群优化算法中引领蜂和观察蜂的收益评价与贪婪选择策略以及侦察蜂的探索新解策略引入到粒子群优化算法中。粒子在飞行时,按维度对粒子速度和位置进行更新,根据对收益的评价,只接收能够提高解适应值的位置,从而加快了收敛速度;如果粒子多次迭代均无法改进解,则在解空间中随机搜索新的位置,增强算法跳出局部极值的能力。在求解异或问题、奇偶校验和编码解码问题的神经网络上进行了仿真,结果表明,该算法优于BP算法、粒子群优化算法和蜂群优化算法。     

基于中心解的改进人工蜂群算法

为了解决人工蜂群(ABC)算法在用于函数优化时所具有的局部探索能力不强、收敛精度不高的问题,提出一种基于中心解的人工蜂群算法。该算法结合中心解和当前最优候选解的优点,并将中心解引入到跟随蜂的局部变异策略中。跟随蜂采用轮盘赌的形式,选择某些适应度值较好的蜜源,在雇佣蜂中心解的基础上深度局部寻优,并在每次迭代中逐维更新蜜源每一维度的值。为了验证该算法的有效性,选择六个基准测试函数对三种算法进行仿真对比实验。与标准ABC算法和Best-so-far ABC算法相比,改进的ABC算法的求解精度有较大幅度提高,特别是对于Rastrigin函数,两种不同维数下均达到了理论最优值。实验结果表明:所提算法在收敛速度和寻优精度上都有明显改善。     

A binary ABC algorithm based on advanced similarity scheme for feature selection

Feature selection is the basic pre-processing task of eliminating irrelevant or redundant features through investigating complicated interactions among features in a feature set. Due to its critical role in classification and computational time, it has attracted researchers’ attention for the last five decades. However, it still remains a challenge. This paper proposes a binary artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm for the feature selection problems, which is developed by integrating evolutionary based similarity search mechanisms into an existing binary ABC variant. The performance analysis of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by comparing it with some well-known variants of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and ABC algorithms, including standard binary PSO, new velocity based binary PSO, quantum inspired binary PSO, discrete ABC, modification rate based ABC, angle modulated ABC, and genetic algorithms on 10 benchmark datasets. The results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain higher classification performance in both training and test sets, and can eliminate irrelevant and redundant features more effectively than the other approaches. Note that all the algorithms used in this paper except for standard binary PSO and GA are employed for the first time in feature selection.     

An enhanced artificial bee colony algorithm with adaptive differential operators

Artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) has been shown to be very effective to solve global optimization problems (GOPs). However, ABC performs well in exploration but relatively poorly in exploitation resulting in a slow convergence when it is used to handle complex GOPs. Differential evolution (DE) benefits from its differential operators, namely mutation operator and crossover operator, which could perturb multiple variables simultaneously and has shown a fast convergence speed. In order to improve ABC’s exploitation ability and accelerate its convergence, in this paper, we propose an enhanced ABC algorithm named ABCADE, which remedy the limitation of ABC by exploiting the advantage of differential operators. Particularly, in ABCADE, the employed bees employ differential operators to produce candidate solutions with an increasing probability, and the two important parameters (scale factor F and crossover rate CR) of differential operators are adaptively adjusted through Gaussian distribution. Moreover, to significantly differentiate the good solutions and bad solutions in a population, and put more effort in the exploitation around the good solutions, we design a new selection probability method for onlooker bees. To verify the performance of ABCADE, we compare ABCADE with other representative state-of-the-art ABC and DE algorithms, the comparison results on a set of 22 benchmark functions with various dimension sizes demonstrate that ABCADE obtains superior or comparable performance to other algorithms.     

人工蜂群算法在带约束圆形布局问题中的应用

人工蜂群算法是一种基于蜜蜂采蜜机制的新型演化算法。给出了带平衡约束的圆形布局问题的数学模型,介绍了人工蜂群算法的基本过程以及计算流程,将人工蜂群算法应用于带平衡约束的圆形布局优化中。通过两个实例进行仿真计算,并将计算结果与文献结果比较,验证了人工蜂群算法是解决此类问题的一种有效且实用的群智能算法。     

Constrained binary artificial bee colony to minimize the makespan for single machine batch processing with non-identical job sizes

This paper proposes an artificial bee colony approach to minimize the makespan for a single batch-processing machine. The single batch-processing problem is characterized by discontinuity in the objective function and having integer variables. Since the problem under study is NP-hard, an artificial bee colony approach is proposed. The penalty function method is used to convert the constrained problem to unconstrained problem, which is then solved by the ABC algorithm. A procedure to generate initial solutions is presented, which is based on filling partially filled batches first. The analysis in the article shows that the colony size, the value of the penalty parameter, the penalty function iteration, the ABC iteration, and maximum trials per food source all have a significant effect on the performance of the ABC algorithm; however, no pattern can be established.     

Efficient implementation and application of the artificial bee colony algorithm to low-dimensional optimization problems

We adapt a swarm-intelligence-based optimization method (the artificial bee colony algorithm, ABC) to enhance its parallel scaling properties and to improve the escaping behavior from deep local minima. Specifically, we apply the approach to the geometry optimization of Lennard-Jones clusters. We illustrate the performance and the scaling properties of the parallelization scheme for several system sizes (5–20 particles). Our main findings are specific recommendations for ranges of the parameters of the ABC algorithm which yield maximal performance for Lennard-Jones clusters and Morse clusters. The suggested parameter ranges for these different interaction potentials turn out to be very similar; thus, we believe that our reported values are fairly general for the ABC algorithm applied to chemical optimization problems.     

A modified ABC algorithm for the stage shop scheduling problem

Stage shop problem is an extension of the mixed shop as well as job shop and open shop. The problem is also a special case of the general shop. In a stage shop, each job has a number of stages; each of which includes one or more operations. As a subset of operations of a job, the operations of a stage can be done without any precedence consideration of each other, whereas the stages themselves should be processed according to a preset sequence. Due to the NP-hardness of the problem, a modified artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is suggested. In order to improve the exploitation feature of ABC, an effective neighborhood of the stage shop problem and PSO are used in employed and onlooker bee phases, respectively. In addition, the idea of tabu search is substituted for the greedy selection property of the artificial bee colony algorithm. The proposed algorithm is compared with the traditional ABC and the state-of-the-art CMA-ES. The computational results show that the modified ABC outperforms CMA-ES and completely dominates the traditional ABC. In addition, the proposed algorithm found high quality solutions within short times. For instance, two new optimal solutions and many new upper bounds are discovered for the unsolved benchmarks.     

分布式人工蜂群免疫算法求解函数优化问题

为了克服人工蜂群算法由于开发能力较弱而导致收敛速度慢、搜索精度不高等缺点,结合子蜂群思想和免疫克隆选择算法,提出一种基于分布式精英进化模型的人工蜂群免疫算法。首先对外层子蜂群进行启发式快速人工蜂群操作以提高收敛速度;然后对内层精英蜂群进行免疫克隆选择操作,进一步提高了算法的收敛精度和全局搜索能力。仿真结果表明了该算法在求解函数优化问题上的有效性和优越性。     

Development and investigation of efficient artificial bee colony algorithm for numerical function optimization

Artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC), which is inspired by the foraging behavior of honey bee swarm, is a biological-inspired optimization. It shows more effective than genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and ant colony optimization (ACO). However, ABC is good at exploration but poor at exploitation, and its convergence speed is also an issue in some cases. For these insufficiencies, we propose an improved ABC algorithm called I-ABC. In I-ABC, the best-so-far solution, inertia weight and acceleration coefficients are introduced to modify the search process. Inertia weight and acceleration coefficients are defined as functions of the fitness. In addition, to further balance search processes, the modification forms of the employed bees and the onlooker ones are different in the second acceleration coefficient. Experiments show that, for most functions, the I-ABC has a faster convergence speed and better performances than each of ABC and the gbest-guided ABC (GABC). But I-ABC could not still substantially achieve the best solution for all optimization problems. In a few cases, it could not find better results than ABC or GABC. In order to inherit the bright sides of ABC, GABC and I-ABC, a high-efficiency hybrid ABC algorithm, which is called PS-ABC, is proposed. PS-ABC owns the abilities of prediction and selection. Results show that PS-ABC has a faster convergence speed like I-ABC and better search ability than other relevant methods for almost all functions.     

基于粒度粗糙熵与改进蜂群算法的特征选择

经典的人工蜂群(artificial bee colony, ABC)算法面临着收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等不足,因此基于该算法来进行特征选择还存在很多问题.对此,提出了一种基于粒度粗糙熵与改进蜂群算法的特征选择方法FS＿GREIABC.首先,将粗糙集中的知识粒度与粗糙熵有机地结合起来,提出一种新的信息熵模型——粒度粗糙熵;其次,将粒度粗糙熵应用于ABC算法中,提出一种基于粒度粗糙熵的适应度函数,从而获得了一种新的适应度计算策略;第三,为了提高ABC算法的局部搜索能力,将云模型引入到跟随蜂阶段.在多个UCI数据集以及软件缺陷预测数据集上的实验表明,相对于现有的特征选择算法, FS＿GREIABC不仅能够选择较少的特征,而且具有更好的分类性能.     

杂草入侵ABC算法及其在控制分配中的应用

针对广义逆在进行控制分配时存在分配效率较低的问题,提出了一种新的控制分配方法.首先,利用人工蜂群算法(ABC)对伪逆阵进行寻优,选择较大的转矩可达集体积,从而提高系统的分配效率;然后,采用杂草入侵算法中的子代空间扩散机制和繁殖机制,分别取代了ABC中盲目性的进化方式和轮盘赌式的选择策略,解决了该算法可能出现收敛速度降低和陷入局部最优等问题;最后,通过仿真验证了提出的控制分配方法能有效地解决多操纵面飞机的控制分配问题.