三用阀阀芯微造型的动压润滑性能

以煤矿三用阀中的安全阀阀芯的密封面为研究对象,通过在阀芯表面开设微造型以改善其润滑及抗磨损性能。建立阀芯微造型的数学模型,采用基于N-S方程的计算流体力学方法对微造型区域进行流场分析。通过得到不同结构参数及速度参数下的阀芯表面压力分布曲线及阀芯承载力曲线,探究在阀芯表面开设微造型对改善其动压润滑性能的影响效果。分析结果表明:在水压三用阀阀芯表面开设的微造型能产生良好的动压润滑效果;动压润滑性能随壁面间隙的增大,先略有下降然后再逐渐增强;随微造型深度的加深,先提高而后再逐渐下降;而不断增大微造型半径及壁面移动速度均能使动压润滑性能不断提升。     

锥台微造型对水液压安全阀阀芯润滑的影响研究

为改善阀芯动压润滑性能,引入一种新型锥台微造型作用于煤矿水液压安全阀阀芯外表面,通过改变微造型深度和锥台角度参数,建立模型并计算分析。分析结果表明:基于锥台微造型的水液压安全阀阀芯表面可产生动压力,有效提升动压润滑性能,减少摩擦磨损;阀芯表面动压力的压力幅值随深度的增大而增大,随角度的增大先增大后减小;阀芯表面承载力大小随深度的增大而增大,随角度的增大先增大后减小。     

微造型阀芯摩擦副的动压承载及润滑特性

以水液压滑阀的阀芯摩擦副为研究对象,通过在阀芯表面设计微造型结构以改善其动压承载和润滑性能。采用基于N-S方程的CFD方法分析微造型阀芯摩擦副的流场,得到微造型阀芯表面的压力分布曲线、承载力曲线以及摩擦力曲线,研究阀芯叠合量大于2.5 mm时,叠合量的大小对微造型阀芯摩擦副动压承载及润滑性能的影响。研究结果表明:光滑阀芯的表面无动压润滑效果,而微造型阀芯的表面可产生油膜动压支撑;且随着阀芯叠合量的减小,微造型阀芯表面的承载力值呈上升趋势,从而使阀芯和阀套间摩擦副的接触摩擦力减小。     

阀芯微造型动压承载力的交互试验分析

以水压三用阀阀芯为研究对象,通过在阀芯表面加工微造型以改善其润滑和抗磨性能。采用CFD方法建立阀芯微造型的动压润滑模型,研究阀芯表面的压力分布和承载力特性,然后选择L27(35)交互试验表,开展动压承载力的交互试验分析,研究分析液膜厚度、微造型深度、半径、形貌、阀芯移动速度以及液膜厚度与微造型深度、半径之间的交互作用对阀芯承载力的影响,并确定最优模型。结果表明:在阀芯表面设置微造型能够在阀芯与阀套之间产生承载力,各因素中对液膜承载力的影响由强至弱依次是液膜厚度、阀芯移动速度、微造型半径、形貌以及深度,最终分析得到的最优模型A3B3C3D1E3,比方案中的最大承载力提高了14.5%。     

煤矿水压安全阀微造型阀芯润滑性能正交试验分析

以煤矿水压安全阀阀芯为研究对象,通过在阀芯表面设置微造型以改善其润滑特性。采用正交试验方法,选取L₁₆(4⁵)标准正交表,设计出16种试验方案,考虑微造型深度、微造型半径、摩擦副间隙、阀芯运动速度和微造型形貌5个因素对微造型阀芯润滑特性的影响。建立微造型阀芯CFD模型,分析阀芯表面压力分布和承载力特性,研究微造型参数对微造型阀芯润滑性能的影响,并确定微造型最优模型。结果表明:阀芯表面微造型能产生动压润滑效果,有助于改善阀芯摩擦磨损问题;由极差分析可知影响微造型阀芯承载力的因素由主到次依次是微造型深度、微造型半径、微造型形貌、摩擦副间隙和阀芯运动速度。由正交试验得出的优选方案比原试验方案的承载力提高22%。     

基于N-S方程的微造型表面动压润滑性能的分析研究

根据微造型的几何模型特点,基于N-S方程研究了微造型表面的动压润滑性能,并与基于雷诺方程求解的微造型表面的动压润滑性能进行了比较。结果表明:合适的微造型可以产生动压效果;通过比较N-S方程和雷诺方程求解动压润滑的差异,发现惯性力将对微造型的动压效果产生显著的影响,在微造型表面惯性力的影响是不可以忽略的;微造型的几何参数对润滑性能存在着很大的影响。     

表面织构形貌参数影响润滑性能的三维CFD分析

为研究在流体润滑条件下,表面微织构形貌参数对润滑性能的影响,建立考虑空化效应的单织构三维计算模型。用CFD方法模拟织构在不同深度、面积密度和表面形状条件下,油膜承载力、摩擦因数和压力分布的变化情况。结果表明:随着织构深度(面积密度)的增加,油膜的承载力先增大后减小,摩擦因数先减小后增大,即织构存在最优的深度和面积密度使得流体动压润滑性能最优;随着上壁面滑移速度的增大,织构的最优深度有减小的趋势,而最优面积密度趋于稳定;设计具有汇流作用的织构表面形状可以提高油膜的承载力,且速度越大,改善润滑的效果越明显。     

刀具表面微结构对流体润滑状态的仿真分析

为探讨刀具表面微结构的润滑情况和减摩机制,使用流体软件FLUENT仿真分析刀-屑接触面间润滑流体的流动情况,研究不同微结构面积率、深度及形状参数下润滑流体的压强分布、承载力、入口质量流速等,得到微结构优化参数;同时分析油膜上壁面运动速度及油膜厚度对润滑性能的影响。结果表明:随微结构区域面积率的增加,动压效应先增大后减小,总承载力持续下降;随着微结构深度的增加,总压承载先增大后趋于稳定,但动压效应总体趋于减小;正方形凹坑的总压承载情况较好,直沟槽的动压承载最好,波浪形沟槽的动、总压承载都较好;随着油膜厚度的增加,总压呈现下降趋势;随着油膜上壁面运动速度的增加,入口质量流速急剧增加,油膜上壁面的总压承载变化很小,动压承载急剧减小。优化的微结构可以减小刀-屑界面的摩擦,延缓刀具磨损,且切削速度和油膜厚度的选择可指导实际加工参数的设定。     

表面织构对水润滑轴承混合润滑性能的影响

为分析表面织构对水润滑轴承混合润滑性能的影响,基于平均Reynolds方程及JFO空化边界条件建立带有表面织构的水润滑轴承混合润滑模型并数值求解,获得不同织构参数下水润滑轴承的Stribeck曲线。研究结果表明:表面织构是否能改善润滑性能与其深径比及面密度参数密切相关,织构的引入并不一定能降低水润滑轴承的摩擦因数;表面织构的面密度和深径比存在最优值,能使水润滑轴承获得最大的膜厚比与最小的摩擦因数,并在较低的转速下由混合润滑状态进入流体动压润滑状态。     

考虑粗糙度影响的微凹坑织构化机械密封润滑性能的数值模拟

采用正弦粗糙峰表征粗糙表面,建立了织构化粗糙机械密封端面流体动压润滑模型,研究了粗糙度、微凹坑织构几何参数对润滑性能的影响。结果表明:利用数值分析方法研究微凹坑织构对机械密封流体动压润滑性能影响时,不能忽略粗糙度、微凹坑之间的相互影响和边界压力的影响;存在最佳的微凹坑深度和面积密度使织构机械密封端面的流体动压润滑效应达到最佳。     

水压马达配流副椭圆形织构表面流场分析*

为了探究椭圆形织构化表面对水压马达配流副流体动压润滑性能的影响,构建椭圆形织构配流副表面的全水动压润滑模型,采用CFD的方法分析在不同尺寸、不同面积率条件下,两旋转表面摩擦润滑性能的变化规律。结果表明：不同尺寸的椭圆形织构表面均能产生良好的流体动压润滑性能;不同尺寸椭圆形织构的水膜承载力随面积率的变化呈现出不同的变化规律,但相同尺寸的织构表面随面积率的变化呈现出相同的变化规律,且转速越大,规律性越明显;在相同面积率下,转速越高,织构的水膜承载力越强;不同尺寸椭圆形织构在各自最优面积率下的水膜承载力不同,其中长轴、短轴分别为1.6、0.8 mm的椭圆形织构表现出最优的水膜承载性能。     

仿生非光滑表面对低速大扭矩水压马达配流副承载性能的影响

通过在低速大扭矩水压马达配流盘上设计不同凹坑形仿生非光滑表面,并建立配流副的全水动压润滑模型,基于湍流理论,利用 Fluent 软件研究仿生非光滑表面对低速大扭矩水压马达配流副液膜表面压力分布、承载力的影响。研究表明: 对于低速大扭矩水压马达配流副,在相同凹坑深度和运动速度的条件下,凹坑壁面与液膜表面接触角为锐角时的液膜表面承载力要大于其为直角时的液膜表面承载力;在转速一定时,深度对圆形锥坑的液膜表面承载力的影响很小,在边界润滑的情况下,通过适当增大凹坑深度,可以防止较浅的凹坑由于磨损严重而导致的失效。     

The Influence of Partially Textured Slider with Oriented Parabolic Grooves on the Behavior of Hydrodynamic Lubrication

An analytical model is developed to investigate a partially textured slider of infinite width with orientation parabolic grooves. The generating mechanism for hydrodynamic lubrication of the partial surface texturing in the sliding surface is similar to that of a step slider. By using the multigrid method, the hydrodynamic pressure generated by the partial surface texturing is obtained. The surface texturing parameters are numerically optimized to obtain maximum hydrodynamic effect in terms of the dimensionless average pressure for a given set of operating parameters. The results indicate that parameters such as groove orientation angle, depth, area density, and textured fraction have an obvious influence on the hydrodynamic pressure for partial surface texturing. However, the groove width has little or no effect on the dimensionless average pressure. The results of the study show that the hydrodynamic lubrication performance can be ameliorated by optimizing the surface texturing according to the operating parameters of the mechanical components.     

Effect of laser textured dimples on the lubrication performance of cylinder liner in diesel engine

Laser surface texturing (LST) technique was utilised on a cylinder liner in a diesel engine. In order to analyse the effect of LST micro‐dimples on the lubrication and friction properties of cylinder liner–piston ring (CL–PR), we developed a new mixed lubrication model on the basis of the average Reynolds equation and asperity contacts equation. The model can consider the coupling effects between the surface roughness of non‐texturing regions and micro‐dimples and the synergistic effects of multi‐micro‐dimples. The results show that cylinder liner surface by LST can form effective hydrodynamic lubrication effect in most regions of the strokes, only near the dead points, the friction pair is in mixed lubrication state, asperity contact plays a major role in balancing the external load and the asperity friction force is obvious. The micro‐dimple parameters were optimised to obtain a better lubrication effect with the following optimised results: r_p = 30–60 µm, S_p = 0.2–0.4 and e = 0.03–0.1. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The effect of laser surface texturing on transitions in lubrication regimes during unidirectional sliding contact

Laser surface texturing (LST) is an emerging effective method for improving the tribological performance of friction units lubricated with oil. In LST technology, a pulsating laser beam is used to create thousands of arranged microdimples on a surface by a material ablation process. These dimples generate hydrodynamic pressure between oil-lubricated parallel sliding surfaces. The impact of LST on lubricating-regime transitions was investigated in this study. Tribological experiments were conducted with a pin-on-disk apparatus at sliding speeds in the range of 0.015–0.75 m/s and nominal contact pressures that ranged from 0.16 to 1.6 MPa. Two oils with different viscosities (54.8 and 124.7 cSt at 40 °C) were used as lubricants. The test results showed that laser texturing expanded the contact parameters in terms of load and speed for hydrodynamic lubrication, as indicated by friction transitions on the Stribeck curve. The beneficial effects of laser surface texturing are more pronounced at higher speeds and loads and with higher viscosity oil.     

The comparisons of sliding speed and normal load effect on friction coefficients of self-mated Si3N4 and SiC under water lubrication

The effects of sliding speed and normal load on friction coefficients of self-mated Si₃N₄ and SiC sliding in water after running-in in water were investigated with pin-on-disk apparatus at sliding speeds of 30 to 120 mm/s, normal loads of 1 to 14 N in ambient condition. The results showed that, after running-in in water, for two kinds of self-mated ceramics, friction coefficient increases with both decreasing sliding speed and increasing normal load when normal load is larger than a critical normal load. Friction coefficient was independent of normal load when normal load is smaller than the critical load. The lubrication film of Si₃N₄ under water lubrication exhibited larger load carrying capacity than that of SiC did. Stribeck curves indicated that, for self-mated Si₃N₄ ceramics, hydrodynamic lubrication will change into boundary lubrication abruptly when the sommerfeld number is less than a critical value; while for self-mated SiC ceramics, hydrodynamic lubrication will change into mixed lubrication and then into boundary lubrication gradually when the sommerfeld number is below critical value.