武汉市保障房配建模式研究

随着城镇化的进程加快,保障房建设问题成为了一项重要民生问题。本文通过介绍武汉市现行的几种保障房建设模式,结合武汉市特点进行举例说明和比较,阐述了这几种模式的优缺点和适用性。提出配建模式应当成为武汉市保障房建设主流模式。同时分析了目前的发展中配建模式存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策。     

以配建方式建设保障房的主要问题及政策建议

相对于集中建设的保障房,配建保障房用地选址空间自由度加大,使被保障家庭更加方便地就近居住、就业、就医、就学和出行,降低了生活成本,同时还有利于社会和谐。因此,配建保障房的政策实施很有必要。本文通过对北京市已建成的配建保障房项目调研,总结配建保障房建设和使用中存在的问题,借鉴国内外经验,从空间布局、建设规模、指标控制等方面提出规划对策和政策建议。     

配建型保障房住区空间隔离研究——以深圳市为例

在城市更新中进行一定比例的配建已成为深圳等“存量发展型城市”供应保障性住房的主要途径,随之带来的商品房与保障房的空间隔离矛盾成为了社会关注的热点问题,但学界和业界尚未及时对这一新型住区形态及其带来的空间隔离形式和空间公平正义问题进行探讨.本文的研究对象为配建型保障房住区,在实地踏勘与观察研究了商品房和保障房之间的空间隔...     

上海世博A、B片区民防工程配建模式的研究——集中配建模式的优越性和推行办法

通过收集比较上海世博A、B片区建设项目所配建民防工程的2种模式:集中配建模式和单独配建模式的实际案例,证明集中配建模式的优越性。通过分析A、B片区未能全部实现集中配建模式的原因,阐述推行集中配建模式的方法。     

居住区公共服务设备配建指标体系研究

在社会主义市场经济的发展过程中，城市社区空间分层日益明显，由于经济收入的差异，文化价值取向的差异，年龄结构的差异等导致了需求分化。在计划经济条件下形成的居住区公建配套指标体系已很不适应城市发展的现状要求，因而需要调整居住区公共服务设施配建指标体系的思路，使之适应市场的发展条件，兼顾效率和公平；根据服务对象，“量体裁衣”区别对待；并处理好区域统筹和社区内平衡的关系。     

新形式下城市保障房供给模式研究

现阶段,随着我国社会经济的不断发展,城市化进程的不断加快,我国对保障性住房的要求也在逐渐提高。此篇文章就针对新形势下的廉租房供给模式进行了分析和研究,并针对其适用类型进行了阐述,希望可以促进我国居民生活水平更好的发展。     

呼包鄂城市群保障房投资信托基金(REITs)运作模式探讨

从保障房建设融资视角出发,在借鉴国内外住房融资模式基础上,系统研究保障房建设融资机理,结合区域城市群资源型城市在资源开发和利用过程中集聚大量社会闲散资本等实际情况,提出REITs融资模式,构建保障房融资与社会闲散资本的互动机制,最后提出相关政策建议,以期推进资源型城市保障房融资机制的创新和发展。     

规划得益视角下政策性住房的市场配建模式研究

市场经济下,利用商品住宅用地配建政策性住房是城市中低收入人群“住有所居”的重要保障。基于规划得益的视角,分析政府政策、规划干预、市场资本在政策性住房市场配建模式中的作用过程;基于商品住房和政策性住房之间的物理隔离,探讨资源差异化供给的内在资本逻辑和主体影响机制,提出单一经济属性的“以房养房”配建模式边缘化使用主体,是混合居住产生社会矛盾的深层次原因。建议强化“人”的角色参与,建立“住房—人才—产业”互动关联的发展思路,通过引入“交通+”“就业+”“服务+”等创新模式,扩大政策性住房的配建渠道;完善地方政府“产业运营者”和市场主体“物业运营者”角色,“以产养房”带动城市中低收入居民全面发展。     

保障房项目封闭型融资模式研究

目前,我国保障房项目建设面临严峻的资金压力,政府财政拨款依然是保障房项目建设资金的主要来源。虽然社会资金得到显著增长,但仍以借贷资金为主,资金的外部性投入较高。而得益于保障房项目本身的自造血能力较差,难以在保障房项目的建设内部形成稳定的资金流。通过分析我国保障房项目建设自造血能力差的原因,以及美国封闭型融资运作模式,从组织架构、税收优惠措施和社会化融资平台三个角度出发,构建符合我国国情的封闭型融资模式。     

保障房为谁而建

既然住宅商品化,那么,人人都要一样商品化。这样,政府的保障房才不会招致这么多的诟病。否则,一旦被沦为寻租的工具,建的越多问题就越大,最后无法收拾。     

美国包容性区划对我国保障性住房建设的启示

通过对现阶段我国保障性住房建设主要特征与问题的认识,提出保障性住房建设应转变传统的供给方式。转变方式的一个重要方面是,借鉴美国包容性区划实践经验,在城市中心区普通商品房开发项目中配建一定比例的保障性住房。通过对美国包容性区划经验的学习以及中美相关背景的比较,认为我国目前采用与包容性区划性质相似的保障性住房配建政策不仅具有重要的现实意义,同时具有较强的政策执行优势。最后,论文提出当前采用保障性住房配建政策尚需解决的主要问题和解决建议。     

Planning and Affordable Housing in Australia and the UK: A Comparative Perspective

Land use planning systems in Australia and the United Kingdom (UK) share a common history. In both nations, one objective of town planning has been to improve housing conditions for the urban poor and facilitate sufficient housing supply for growing post-war populations, with UK legislation serving as a model for Australia, at least until the Town and Country Planning Act 1947. Since this time however, approaches have diverged. In the UK, housing assistance and the land use planning system have co-evolved, with planning an important tool for securing affordable housing, particularly in England. In contrast, a deep cleavage between urban planning and housing policy persists in Australia. Drawing on a series of studies undertaken separately by the authors over the past decade which concentrate on Australia and England, the paper compares urban and housing policy in both nations, and examines planning system performance in securing new affordable homes.     

Inclusionary zoning and affordable housing in Sydney

Focus in this paper is placed on the issue of inclusionary zoning and developer contributions to provide affordable housing in the City West and Green Square urban redevelopment projects. Both are ambitious inner city urban renewal projects which form key parts of the New South Wales government's urban consolidation policy and also seek to maintain a social mix through the provision of social (i.e. affordable) housing.     

31 Flavors of Inclusionary Zoning: Comparing Policies From San Francisco,Washington, DC,and Suburban Boston

Problem: Over the past several decades, inclusionary zoning (IZ) has become an increasingly popular, but sometimes controversial, local means of producing affordable housing without direct public subsidy. The conversation about IZ has thus far largely ignored variations in the structure of IZ policies, although these variations can impact the amount of affordable housing produced and the effects of IZ on production and prices of market rate housing.

Purpose: We provide a detailed comparison of the ways in which IZ programs have been structured in the San Francisco and Washington metropolitan areas and in suburban Boston.

Methods: We create a unique dataset on IZ in these three regions by combining original data collected from several previous surveys. We use these data to compare the prevalence, structure, and affordable housing output of local IZ programs.

Results and conclusions: In the San Francisco Bay Area, IZ programs tend to be mandatory and apply broadly across locations and structure types, while including cost offsets and alternatives to onsite construction. In the Washington, DC, area, most IZ programs are also mandatory, but have broader exemptions for small developments and low-density housing. IZ programs in the Boston suburbs exhibit the most heterogeneity. They are more likely to be voluntary and to apply only to a narrow range of developments, such as multifamily housing, or within certain zoning districts. The amount of affordable housing produced under IZ varies considerably, both within and across the regions. There is some evidence that IZ programs that grant density bonuses and exempt smaller projects produce more affordable housing.

Takeaway for practice: Although variation in IZ program structures makes it hard to predict effectiveness, IZ's adaptability to local circumstances makes it a particularly attractive policy tool. IZ programs can easily be tailored to accommodate specific policy goals, housing market conditions, and residents' preferences, as well as variations in state or local regulatory and political environments.

Research support: This article is adapted from a longer working paper written with financial support from the Center for Housing Policy, the research affiliate of the National Housing Conference.     

公共租赁住房供给市场效应分析

公共租赁住房供给是现阶段我国住房保障体系建设的重点,在解决特定群体住房困难的同时,公共租赁住房供给对房地产要素市场也产生作用。从公共租赁住房供给的预期目标出发,分析公共租赁住房供给在不同时期、不同市场条件下对土地市场和商品住房市场供需的作用路径,从而从宏观层面对公共租赁住房供给的市场效应进行评估,纠正公共租赁住房供给的非理性预期,为公共租赁住房供给制度的目标设计提供参考。     

2009年中国城镇住房发展状况研究

2009年,在危机后的经济刺激政策背景下,中国城镇住房走出了一条充满争议的发展轨迹。住房保障在思路上日益明晰,实施上也取得一定进展,但由于地方政府积极性总体不高,离计划目标仍有距离。住房市场在调控政策刺激下V型反弹,为宏观经济保增长目标的实现作出了重要贡献。然而房价上涨过快的问题复现,令住房的使用需求进一步被投资需求所挤压。展望未来,构建一个合理的住房供应体系迫在眉睫,而积极发展保障性住房、盘活私人租赁住房应成为政策调整的基本方向。     

Is planning delay really a constraint in the provision of housing? Some evidence from Israel

This paper revisits the claim that a causal link exists between the inflexibility of land-use planning and low elasticity of housing supply. A theoretical model of factors impacting district-level planning is presented alongside a model of the impact of planning delay on housing supply. The models are estimated for the Tel Aviv district using detailed data covering a 12-year period. Results show significant impacts on planning delay due to plan, municipality and district planning commission characteristics. House prices exert a positive effect on planning speed and municipal funding acts as a supply constraint. While planning delay does not impact housing supply, delay uncertainty has a negative impact and acts as a constraint.     

How does increased competition on the housing market affect rents? an empirical study concerning sweden

The aim of the study is to investigate if more competition leads to lower rents on the housing market. Data about the rent level for similar apartments in 30 cities in Sweden were available. Three hypotheses were formulated: (H1) Increased ‘internal’ competition, measured by the market share of the municipal housing company (that dominates the market and is price-leader according to the Swedish system of rent regulation), leads to lower rents. (H2) Increased ‘external’ competition measured by the price level on the market for single-family owner occupied housing, leads to lower rents. (H3) Lower capital expenditure in the municipal housing company leads to lower rents. The statistical analysis showed a strong correlation between the rent level and the level of external competition, but no relation was found for the level of internal competition and the level of capital expenditure. A possible conclusion is that policies that make it easier for households to leave the rental market are important for increasing the pressure on the firms in the rental sector and reducing rents.