共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
以正己烷、乙酸乙酯、乙醇3种溶剂并结合超声辅助提取栀子果油,对所获得的3种粗油和乙醇提取的副产物的得率、油脂组成、生物活性成分以及自由基清除能力进行分析。在固液比(1:8)、温度(40℃)、时间(20 min)、超声强度(200 W)的条件下,乙醇提取得油率为13.26%,略低于正己烷14.86%和乙酸乙酯13.84%,副产物乙醇胶体相是乙醇提油后4℃静置分层得到的,得率为9.68%。乙醇提取栀子果油相中总生育酚含量为1.62μg/mg,是正己烷提取粗油的1.27倍;总甾醇含量为22.63μg/mg,是乙酸乙酯提取粗油的1.29倍。挥发性香草酸、丁香酸、丁香醇为乙醇提取粗油中的主要芳香成分。副产物醇溶性胶体相中检出了γ-亚麻酸(1.50%)和反式亚油酸(1.14%),而在粗油中并未检出;醇溶性胶体相DPPH、ABTS清除率的IC50值分别为0.61mg/m L和0.40 mg/mL,极显著小于粗油中的检验结果(7.60~10.3 mg/mL);通过UPLC-Triple-TOF/MS在醇溶性胶体相中初步鉴定出西红花酸及8种带糖衍生物。实验证明,用乙醇提取栀子果油气味芳香,Omega-6型油脂种类及含量丰富,生育酚、甾醇等活性物质含量更高,此外副产物中的西红花及其衍生物有很强的自由基清除能力,因此具有更高的经济价值。 相似文献
2.
为系统研究我国主要栀子果实的品种品质,以山栀子和水栀子果实为原料,测定果重、果皮厚度、果高、果直径、壳仁比、出籽率、出油率等主要经济性状及粗蛋白、粗脂肪、膳食纤维、可溶性总糖等营养成分和总环烯醚萜类、总藏红花素、总胡萝卜素和总黄酮等功能成分含量。同时对栀子果油的理化性质、脂肪酸和不皂化物组成及主要有益因子进行测定和分析。结果表明水栀子果在单果重量、果实直径等经济指标上显著高于山栀子果,而总环烯醚萜含量显著较低,其余主要营养功能成分无显著性差异。两种栀子果的油脂含量相近(约25 %),理化指标均无显著性差异,主要脂肪酸均为亚油酸,含量高于48 %。栀子果油的不皂化物主要有甾醇类、三萜醇类、烃类和维生素E类,其中以甾醇类含量最高。山栀子果油中的甾醇、维生素E及角鲨烯等主要有益因子含量高于水栀子。综合分析,水栀子从果实产量及产油量上优于山栀子,但总环烯醚萜含量及油中主要有益因子含量较低。两者从栀子果及果油的营养、功能方面评价各有千秋,故在食用特别是栀子果油的利用方面两者可混用。实验结果为栀子果资源的综合利用、开发提供新的思路和理论基础。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
本实验利用正己烷萃取技术、超临界CO2萃取技术和亚临界低温萃取技术三种方法制备得到了三种栀子果油,并对其主要理化指标、脂肪酸组成、植物甾醇含量、谷维素含量、维生素E含量及氧化酸败时间进行比较分析,以研究不同萃取方法对栀子果油品质的影响。结果表明三种栀子果油的过氧化值为9.38~17.30 mmol/kg,酸值为4.06~14.28 mg KOH/g,皂化值为186.07~198.91 mg KOH/g,碘值为116.43?10-2~130.16?10-2 g I2/g。气相色谱法测定其脂肪酸组成以油酸和亚油酸等不饱和脂肪酸为主,相对含量占76.04~78.00%。栀子果油中植物甾醇和维生素E的含量分别是0.85~3.48%和17.06?10-2~29.80?10-2 mg/g,谷维素含量极少。其中超临界栀子果油的色泽最好,溶剂残留量最少,但酸价最高;正己烷栀子果油中甾醇含量最高,氧化稳定性相对较好;亚临界栀子果油的酸值最低,维生素E含量最高。本文为栀子果油制备方法的选择和精炼提供了理论依据,具有一定的应用意义。 相似文献
7.
《中国粮油学报》2017,(10)
为系统研究我国主要栀子果实的品种品质,以山栀子和水栀子果实为原料,测定果重、果皮厚度、果高、果直径、壳仁比、出籽率、出油率等主要经济性状及粗蛋白、粗脂肪、膳食纤维、可溶性总糖等营养成分和总环烯醚萜类、总藏红花素、总胡萝卜素和总黄酮等功能成分含量。同时对栀子果仁油的理化性质、脂肪酸和不皂化物组成及主要生物活性物质进行测定和分析。结果表明水栀子果在单果重量(2.10 g)、果实直径(20.47 mm)等经济指标上显著高于山栀子果(单果重量和果实直径分别0.91 g、10.84 g),而总环烯醚萜含量(5.35%)显著低于山栀子果(8.77%),其余主要营养功能成分无显著性差异。两种栀子果的油脂含量相近(约25%),理化指标均无显著性差异,主要脂肪酸均为亚油酸,含量高于48%。栀子果仁油的不皂化物主要有甾醇类、三萜醇类、烃类和维生素E类,其中以甾醇类含量最高(均超过50%)。山栀子果仁油中的总甾醇(59.37%)、角鲨烯(11.42%)等主要生物活性物质含量高于水栀子,而维生素E类含量低于水栀子。综合分析,水栀子从果实产量及产油量上优于山栀子,但总环烯醚萜含量及油中主要生物活性物质含量较低。两者从栀子果及果仁油的营养、功能方面评价各有千秋,故在食用特别是栀子果仁油的利用方面两者可混用。试验结果为栀子果资源的综合利用、开发提供新的思路和理论基础。 相似文献
8.
研究以植物油沥青或塔尔油沥青提取植物甾醇的方法。该方法包括下列步骤:在60~130℃下将沥青加热熔化,加入碱和水并保持此温度,在不断搅拌下皂化3~10h;用有机溶剂在固-液提取系统中提取植物甾醇,共提取5~24h;提取液充分冷却后,经过滤得粗甾醇;粗甾醇经有机溶剂脱色、结晶,即得甾醇产品。本研究提出的由植物油或塔尔油沥青中提取植物甾醇的方法,具有工艺简单,溶剂损耗小,甾醇回收率高,生产成本低等优点。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
Influence of Microwave Treatment of Rapeseed on Minor Components Content and Oxidative Stability of Oil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mei Yang Fenghong Huang Changsheng Liu Chang Zheng Qi Zhou Hui Wang 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2013,6(11):3206-3216
Rapeseeds were adjusted to moisture contents of 9, 11, 13, and 15 % and treated with microwaves under 800 W for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 min at a frequency of 2,450 MHz and oil was extracted with a press to investigate possibility of enhancing oil extraction yield by press, minor component content, and oxidative stability of the pressed oil. The results indicated that microwave pretreatment of rapeseed could increase the oil extraction yield, and both microwave time and initial moisture content of rapeseed had significant effects on the oil extraction yield (p?<?0.001). Total tocopherol content in the oil extracted by press first increased and then decreased depending on the period of microwave radiation (p?<?0.001), and the initial moisture content had no significant effect on the tocopherol content (p?>?0.05). Phytosterol and polyphenol contents increased with increasing microwave time and with decreasing initial moisture content of rapeseeds (p?<?0.001). An F test revealed there were significant interactions between the effects of microwave time and initial moisture content on both polyphenol content and oil extraction yield. The oxidative stability of oil were improved with increasing microwave time and decreasing initial moisture content (p?<?0.001), and there were significant positive correlations with total polyphenol and phytosterol contents. Therefore, it is advisable to treat rapeseeds with low initial moisture content by microwaves prior to oil extraction by press because it results in a relatively good oil extraction yield by cold press, with a high amount of phenolic, tocopherol, and phytosterol. Microwave pretreatment had a positive effect on oxidative oil stability in comparison to the untreated oil. 相似文献
12.
Kar Lin Nyam Chin Ping Tan Oi Ming Lai Kamariah Long Yaakob B. Che Man 《Food and Bioprocess Technology》2011,4(8):1432-1441
Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction of oil from Kalahari melon seeds was investigated in this study. Response surface methodology was applied to
model and optimize the extraction, namely pressure (200–400 bar), temperature (40–80 °C), and supercritical fluid flow rate
(10–20 mL/min). Well-fitting models were successfully established for oil recovery (R
2 = 0.9672) and phytosterol concentration (milligrams per 100 g; R
2 = 0.8150) through multiple linear regressions with backward elimination. The effect of supercritical fluid flow rate was
the most significant (P < 0.05) factor that affected oil recovery but this factor had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on phytosterol concentration. The optimal processing conditions for oil recovery and phytosterol concentration
were pressure of 300 bar, temperature at 40 °C, and supercritical fluid flow rate of 12 mL/min. These optimal conditions yielded
a 76.3% oil recovery and 836.5 mg/100 g of phytosterol concentration. The oil content in the Kalahari melon seeds as estimated
by Soxhlet extraction was around 30.5/100 g. The phytosterol concentration in the oil extracted with SC-CO2 extraction was 94% higher than that obtained with solvent extraction. 相似文献
13.
Effect of pretreatment with microwaves on oxidative stability and nutraceuticals content of oil from rapeseed 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Sodeif Azadmard-Damirchi Fatemeh Habibi-Nodeh Javad Hesari Mahbob Nemati Bahram Fathi Achachlouei 《Food chemistry》2010
Demand for oil extracted by cold press, such as rapeseed oil, is increasing, but oil extraction yield, and nutraceuticals content are lower for cold pressed oil, compared with oil extracted by solvent. In this study, rapeseed was treated with microwaves, to investigate the possibility of enhancing oil extraction yield, oxidative stability and nutraceuticals content. Rapeseed was pretreated with microwaves for two different times (2 min and 4 min) and oil was then extracted with a press. To compare the results, oil was also extracted from untreated rapeseed by solvent and press. Results showed that solvent-extracted oil had the highest phytosterol content. Microwave pretreatment of rapeseed can increase the oil extraction yield (by 10%), phytosterols (by 15%) and tocopherols (by 55%) of the oil extracted by press. Oil extracted from untreated rapeseed by press had the lowest oxidative stability (1 h); this was increased to 8 h by pretreatment of rapeseed with microwaves. Therefore, from the obtained results, it is advisable to treat rapeseed with microwaves before extraction by oil press, because it gives a relatively good recovery of oil, with a high amount of nutraceuticals, and can produce oil with a longer shelf life and enhanced value. 相似文献
14.
15.
Zicong Hu Chaofan Hu Yanpo Li Qiaojun Jiang Qunhe Li Cuilan Fang 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2024,104(2):572-582
Pumpkin seed oil (PSO), a rich source of nutrients, is extracted from the seeds of different pumpkin varieties for food and medicines. This article aims to provide an evidence-based review of the literature and to explore the extraction technologies, nutritional properties, and biological activity of PSO. From previous literature, PSO contains a large proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, with linoleic acid as the main component, and an amount of tocopherol, phytosterol, and phenolic acids. Some differences in the yield, composition, and physicochemical properties of PSO can be associated with the pumpkin's cultivars and the extraction methods. Some novel technologies involved in supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction have been replacing the conventional technologies gradually as promising methods for the safe, non-polluting, and effective recovery of PSO. This healthy vegetable oil was reported by several in vitro and in vivo studies to have potential protective roles in oxidative stress, inflammation, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
本文研究了栀子超声辅助预萃取脱除栀子苷、栀子黄,残渣采用水酶法提取栀子油,初步实现了栀子综合利用。研究优化了栀子超声波辅助预处理工艺参数,比较了溶剂种类、浓度、料液比及超声时间对栀子苷、栀子黄萃取率的影响,探讨了纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶单酶水解及组合分步水解改善栀子油提取率。结果发现超声辅助60%异丙醇预萃取20 min 结合后续水酶法释放可实现86%~87%的栀子苷、栀子黄提取率,且预处理明显改善了后续水酶法制油过程的乳化程度。单一酶解可改善栀子清油产率,纤维素酶、蛋白酶组合两步水解进一步将栀子清油产率提高至15.96%。不同萃取方法获得的栀子油分析表明,水酶法栀子产率高于压榨法、超临界萃取法,与溶剂萃取法相当,但水酶法栀子油酸价、过氧化物值更低,并富含角鲨烯、生育酚、植物甾醇等功能性脂类伴随物,显示其具有更高的营养价值和安全品质。 相似文献
19.
Mounir Ouzir Sara El Bernoussi Mohamed Tabyaoui Khalid Taghzouti 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2021,20(4):3344-3387
Almond oil, a rich source of macronutrients and micronutrients, is extracted for food flavorings and the cosmetics industry. In recent years, the need for high-quality and high-quantity production of almond oil for human consumption has been increased. The present review examines the chemical composition of almond oil, storage conditions, and clinical evidence supporting the health benefits of almond oil. From the reviewed studies, it appears that almond oil contains a significant proportion of poly and monounsaturated fatty acids, with oleic acid as the main compound, and an important amount of tocopherol and phytosterol content. Some variations in almond oil composition can be found depending on the kernel's origin and the extraction system used. Some new technologies such as ultrasonic-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, subcritical fluid extraction, and salt-assisted aqueous extraction have emerged as the most promising extraction techniques that allow eco-friendly and effective recovery of almond oil. This safe oil was reported by several clinical studies to have potential roles in cardiovascular risk management, glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress reduction, neuroprotection, and many dermatologic and cosmetic applications. However, the anticarcinogenic and fertility benefits of almond oil have yet to be experimentally verified. 相似文献