限制模压变形1060纯铝的组织演化与晶粒细化

设计平行模压变形、180°交叉模压变形、90°交叉模压变形对1060纯铝进行系列限制模压变形(CGP)试验,采用透射电镜研究该材料在不同变形工艺下的组织演化规律和晶粒细化速率.结果表明:变形工艺不影响组织的演化规律,但显著影响晶粒细化速率、晶粒细化效果以及大角度晶界的形成;90°交叉模压变形最优.在相同的变形温度、变形速率和应变累积条件下,所能达到的晶粒细化速率和大角度晶界的数量取决于剪切变形模式.     

席夫碱结构对Cu缓蚀作用的影响

用自组装技术使席夫碱在Cu表面自组装成膜,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、交流阻抗方法及量子化学法研究了席夫碱结构对Cu缓蚀作用的影响.结果表明:席夫碱类化合物在发挥其活性时应以接受电子为主,此类化合物的亚胺或甲亚胺特性基团(-RC=N-)和苯环上的-OH是该类化合物的主要活性区,席夫碱苯环的-H被给电子基团取代会提高对Cu的缓蚀效率,且取代基团越靠进-C=N-,形成的螯合物越稳定,缓蚀效率越高.     

席夫碱对20#碳钢在盐酸介质中的缓蚀作用

分别采用失重法和电化学方法测定了席夫碱试剂4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲醛缩-4-烯丙基-3-硫代氨基脲(以下简称AAT),和苯甲醛缩-4-烯丙基-3-硫代氨基脲在盐酸介质中对20#碳钢的缓蚀作用。研究了浓度、温度等因素对这两种缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响。结果表明,两种席夫碱试剂在盐酸介质中对20#碳钢均有缓蚀作用,其中AAT的缓蚀性能较优,并发现AAT与乌洛托品、碘化钾、苯甲醛缩-4-烯丙基-3-硫代氨基脲、N-苯甲酰基硫脲等有很好的协同作用。     

纳米BN对1060铝微孤氧化膜层性能的影响

目的探究微弧氧化电解液中纳米氮化硼(BN)浓度对铝微弧氧化陶瓷层组织和性能的影响。方法在硅酸盐体系电解液中加入1~5 g/L不同浓度的纳米BN,制备纳米BN复合微弧氧化层。利用扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪,分别表征纳米BN复合微弧氧化层的微观组织、元素分布及物相组成。采用涂层测厚仪、粗糙度仪、显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机等手段,研究纳米BN对1060纯铝微弧氧化膜层的厚度、粗糙度、显微硬度、摩擦学性能的影响。结果在微弧氧化BN复合膜的表层有弥散分布的BN颗粒,当电解液中添加3 g/L的纳米BN时,制备的微弧氧化层的性能最好,其表面的孔洞数量最少且孔径最小,膜层表面更加致密,其厚度可达到(93.8±1.9)μm,硬度达到(942±51)HV,粗糙度Ra降低为(3.66±0.14)μm,摩擦系数降低为0.55,磨损体积比未添加BN的膜层减少了1.18×10-2 mm3,并且磨痕平整光滑,裂纹较少。结论硅酸盐电解液中加入纳米BN能够改善1060纯铝微弧氧化膜层的综合性能。     

BIEA对铝在盐酸中的缓蚀作用研究

通过腐蚀失重实验和极化曲线测试 ,研究合成药剂N、N、N′、N′ 四 ( 2甲基苯并咪唑 ) 1、2 -乙二胺 (简称BIEA)分子对铝在 1.5mol/LHCl溶液中的缓蚀性能 ,分析其作用机理 ,并研究BIEA与丁胺、庚胺的协同作用 .结果表明 :对铝在 1.5mol/LHCl溶液中BIEA是一种性能良好的缓蚀剂 .     

癸胺与I-对铝的协同缓蚀作用

应用动电位扫描法和交流阻抗法研究了盐酸介质中KI和癸胺对铝的协同缓蚀作用.结果表明:铝在盐酸中的腐蚀以阴极控制为主;KI和癸胺有较好的协同作用,癸胺在协同体系中对铝的缓蚀起主导作用.     

硝酸铈对镁合金在硝酸铵溶液中的缓蚀作用

采用失重法、Tafel极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱法研究了在1 mol/L硝酸铵溶液中,稀土盐硝酸铈对镁合金的缓蚀作用。试验结果表明:在硝酸铵溶液中,硝酸铈能较好地减缓镁合金的腐蚀;硝酸铈对镁合金的缓蚀作用随其添加浓度的增加先增大,以后略有减小,硝酸铈浓度为1×10-3mol/L时,缓蚀率达到最大。     

Ce(SO4)2浓度对电喷镀Ni-W-Ce合金镀层性能影响

为了研究Ce(SO4)2浓度与合金镀层表面性能的关系,采用喷射电沉积法制备了一系列Ni-W-Ce合金镀层工件。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了镀层的表面结构,并用能谱仪(EDS)检测镀层中的元素组成。XRD分析表明,镀层存在晶格畸变。LEXT4100激光共焦显微镜观察磨损痕迹,发现磨损机理发生了变化。结果表明,添加Ce(SO4)2改善了涂层的表面微观形貌,当浓度为0.5g/L时,涂层的表面质量最佳。同时,显微硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性随浓度的增加呈现先好后坏的规律。当Ce(SO4)2浓度为0.5g/L时,显微硬度达到峰值519.69HV0.1。此时,镀层耐磨性最好,其耐磨性表征参数均取得最小值。且镀层的耐蚀性也最好,腐蚀电位为-0.5537V,电弧电抗半径最小。     

硝酸铈添加剂对7075铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜

为进一步提高7075铝合金的表面耐磨性,在硅酸钠、六偏磷酸钠复合电解液中加入不同质量浓度的硝酸铈添加剂,运用微弧氧化技术在其表面原位生长出氧化铝陶瓷膜。采用涂层测厚仪、维氏硬度计、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射议(XRD)等方法研究了硝酸铈添加剂对陶瓷膜厚度、显微硬度、表面形貌、相组成以及耐磨性的影响。结果表明： 陶瓷膜主要由αAl2O3和γ Al2O3两相组成,当硝酸铈质量浓度为0.12 g/L,陶瓷膜的厚度达到最大,约为18 μm;硬度达到最高,约为916 HV0.2;致密性最佳;陶瓷膜表现出更好的耐磨性能。     

Preparation and characteristic of spherical Li3V2(PO4)3

Spherical Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ was synthesized by using N₂H₄ as reducer. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that single-phase, spherical and well-dispersed Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ has been successfully synthesized in our experimental process. Electrochemical behaviors have been characterized by charge/discharge measurements. The initial discharge capacities of Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ were 123 mAh g⁻¹ in the voltage range of 3.0–4.3 V and 132 mAh g⁻¹ in the voltage range of 3.0–4.8 V.     

不同催化剂对镁合金表面SiO_2-ZrO_2涂层耐蚀性的影响

镁合金表面溶胶凝胶涂层存在易析出氢气、涂层缺陷多及防腐性能提升不明显等问题。为改善这些问题利用Ce(NO_3)_3催化制得SiO_2-ZrO_2溶胶并旋涂3层于AZ91D镁合金表面,并与HCl催化制得的镁合金表面SiO_2-ZrO_2溶胶涂层进行对比分析。采用扫描电镜和傅里叶红外光谱等分析涂层微观形貌和化学成分;通过接触角测试涂层亲疏水性;利用极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱对比研究不同催化剂加入的溶胶凝胶层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能。结果显示:与HCl催化制得的镁合金表面SiO_2-ZrO_2溶胶涂层相比,Ce(NO_3)_3催化制得的涂层表面微观缺陷少;接触角由84.2°增大到93.5°;同镁合金基体自腐蚀电流密度1.480×10~(-4) A/cm~2相比,HCl催化和Ce(NO_3)_3催化涂层的自腐蚀电流密度分别为2.562×10~(-6) A/cm~2和7.821×10~(-7) A/cm~2,其耐蚀性提升明显;HCl和Ce(NO_3)_3催化涂层阻抗极化电阻值由镁合金基材的224.9Ω分别增大至4 401Ω和53 888Ω,HCl催化涂层的失效时间为1 d,Ce(NO_3)_3催化涂层失效时间延长为3 d。可见,两种催化剂制备的涂层,Ce(NO_3)_3催化涂层防护更持久,耐蚀性更好。     

Corrosion of Ni-Ti alloys in the molten (Li,K)2CO3 eutectic mixture

The corrosion of pure Ni and of binary Ni-Ti alloys containing 5, 10, and 15 wt.% Ti respectively in molten (0.62Li,0.38K)₂CO₃ at 650°C under air has been studied. The corrosion of the single-phase Ni-5Ti alloy was slower than that of pure Ni, forming an external scale composed of NiO and TiO₂. The two-phase Ni-10Ti and Ni-15Ti alloys underwent much faster corrosion than pure Ni, producing an external scale containing NiO and TiO₂, and a thick internal oxidation zone of titanium mainly involving the intermetallic compound TiNi₃ in the original alloys. The rates of growth of the external scales for the Ni-Ti alloys were reduced with the increase of their titanium content, while the internal oxidation was significantly enhanced. The corrosion mechanism of the alloys is also discussed.     

废旧锂离子电池中Li, Fe和V的回收及xLiFePO4-yLi3V2(PO4)3的制备

由于LiFePO_4和Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3材料的特征相近,制备方法类似,提供了一种从废旧LiFePO_4和Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3混合电池中回收Li、Fe和V,再制备xLiFePO_4-yLi_3V_2(PO_4)_3的方法。在空气气氛中600℃热处理1h后,去除粘结剂PVDF使活性物质与集流体分离。调节Li、Fe、V和P摩尔比,球磨、锻烧,配制不同比例的xLiFePO_4-yLi_3V_2(PO_4)_3(x:y=5:1,7:1,9:1)复合电极材料。表征了其形貌、结构和电化学性能,结果表明,回收制备的复合材料将同时具备LiFePO_4和Li_3V_2(PO_4)_3两种材料的电化学性能,能显著改善LiFePO_4的倍率性能。     

固相-水热法制备LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3复合材料及其电化学性能（英文）

分别采用固相-水热法和球磨法制备磷酸亚铁锂-磷酸钒锂复合正极材料(LiFePO4-Li3V2(PO4)3)。电化学性能测试表明,LiFePO4-Li3V2(PO4)3复合正极材料的电化学性能远远高于 LiFePO4和 Li3V2(PO4)3单独作为正极材料的性能,并且以固相-水热法制备的复合材料性能优于以球磨法制得的复合材料。研究发现 LiFePO4-Li3V2(PO4)3复合材料有 4 个氧化还原峰,相当于 LiFePO4 和 Li3V2(PO4)3 氧化还原峰的叠加。采用固相-水热法制备的LiFePO4-Li3V2(PO4)3 复合材料形貌较为规则,且有新相物质产生,这是导致其电化学性能较好的原因。     

Preparation and luminescent properties of Eu doped Sr3La(PO4)3 phosphor

Eu²⁺-doped Sr₃La(PO₄)₃ phosphors were synthesized by solid-state reaction method. Their luminescent properties were investigated. The phosphor could be excited by ultraviolet light effectively. The emission spectra exhibit two emission peaks located at 418 nm and 500 nm, respectively. These two peaks originated from two different luminescent centers, respectively. One is nine-coordinated Eu(I) center, other is six-coordinated Eu(II) center. It was found that the doping concentration of Eu²⁺ ions affected the shape of emission spectra. As the doping concentration increasing, Eu²⁺ ions are more likely to form Eu(I) luminescent centers and emit purple light.     

Low temperature sintering and microwave dielectric properties of (Mg0.7Zn0.3)0.95Co0.05TiO3 ceramics with BaCu(B2O5) additions

The effects of BaCu(B₂O₅) additives on the sintering temperature and microwave dielectric properties of (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics were investigated. The (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics were not able to be sintered below 1000 °C. However, when BaCu(B₂O₅) were added, they were sintered below 1000 °C and had the good microwave dielectric properties. It was suggested that a liquid phase with the composition of BaCu(B₂O₅) was formed during the sintering and assisted the densification of the (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics at low temperature. BaCu(B₂O₅) powders were produced and used to reduce the sintering temperature of the (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics. Good microwave dielectric properties of Q × f = 35,000 GHz, ?_r = 18.5.0 and τ_f = −51 ppm/°C were obtained for the (Mg_0.7Zn_0.3)_0.95Co_0.05TiO₃ ceramics containing 7 wt.% mol% BaCu(B₂O₅) sintered at 950 °C for 4 h.     

Growth, crystal structure and optical properties of layered dibarium cadmium diborate, Ba2Cd(BO3)2

A novel dibarium cadmium diborate, Ba₂Cd(BO₃)₂, has been successfully synthesized by standard solid-state reaction. Large sheet-like crystal with size up to 20 mm × 15 mm × 0.7 mm has been obtained using top-seed solution growth method. Ba₂Cd(BO₃)₂ crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m with a = 9.6305(4) Å, b = 5.3626(3) Å, c = 6.5236(2) Å, β = 118.079(3)°, Z = 2. The crystal structure is composed of isolated [BO₃] triangles, [CdO₆] octahedra and [BaO₉] polyhedra. CdO₆ are vertex-connected with six BO₃ to form infinite _∞[Cd(BO₃)₂] layers extending in (0 0 1) plane, and two rows of Ba atoms closely occupy two side of _∞[Cd(BO₃)₂] layers to forming stoichiometric sheets. IR and transmittance spectrum of Ba₂Cd(BO₃)₂ were reported.