表面处理技术在制备纳米复合聚酰胺酰亚胺中的应用

通过对无机纳米粉体进行表面改性 ,制得纳米复合聚酰胺酰亚胺 ,研究了复合材料的耐变频性能和表面情况。研究发现纳米粉体进行表面改性后 ,在聚酰胺酰亚胺中的分散性大大提高 ,其耐变频性能有较大的改善     

己基咔唑甲酸-白炭黑复合材料的制备与性质研究

将己基咔唑甲醛氧化制得己基咔唑甲酸,再将1.4124g己基咔唑甲酸与1.005g经活化的白炭黑(纳米SiO2)在乙醇溶液中加热回流等实验条件下制得复合材料,并经红外光谱、紫外分光光度法和荧光分光光度法对复合材料进行表征和光学性质研究。结果表明,己基咔唑甲酸-白炭黑复合粉体材料具有较好的紫外吸收和荧光性质。     

基于荧光猝灭原理的溶解氧传感器研究综述

溶解氧是一个评定水质污染程度、水体自净能力的重要指标,近些年我国学者对基于荧光猝灭原理来测定溶解氧的传感器进行研究,并制得各方面性能良好又便捷的溶解氧传感器。本文概括了国内学者基于荧光猝灭原理的溶解氧传感器的传感膜研制的研究综述、传感器结构设计方面、信号处理研究并介绍了现阶段国内市场部分型号溶解氧传感器。     

含磷环氧丙烯酸防腐乳液的合成及其涂料的制备

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯、环氧丙烯酸酯功能单体、磷酸酯功能单体为原料,采用半连续种子乳液聚合法制备含磷含环氧基团的丙烯酸乳液。考察了乳化剂、引发剂、环氧丙烯酸酯、磷酸酯单体不同用量对其漆膜性能的影响,并对乳液的粒径、固含量及漆膜的耐盐水性、附着力等性能进行测试,研究表明:乳化剂用量、引发剂用量、环氧丙烯酸酯用量、磷酸酯单体用量分别为单体总量的3.0%、0.6%、4.0%、4.0%时,可制得性能较好的水性含磷环氧丙烯酸乳液。并将制得的含磷环氧丙烯酸酯乳液配制成防腐涂料,考察它在机械性能、耐水、耐盐水、耐盐雾等方面的性能。     

对羟基苯甲酸稀土(铕)配合物及其荧光纤维的制备

合成了Eu3+与对羟基苯甲酸、1,10-邻菲啰啉(phen)的具有新型结构的稀土配合物。通过TEM、元素分析、IR、TG及荧光光谱分析对其表观形貌、粒径、组成结构及荧光性能进行了分析表征。结果表明:对羟基苯甲酸稀土配合物呈球状,粒径在100nm左右;配合物具有良好的热稳定性。配合物的荧光发射峰分别与稀土铕5D0→7FJ(J=0,1,2,4)的跃迁相对应,最强发射峰位于616.3nm处。将制得的配合物与聚丙烯树脂进行熔融纺丝,制得稀土荧光纤维。测试结果表明:纤维具有优异的荧光性能,最强发射峰位于618nm处,是Eu3+的特征红色发射谱带。     

高柔韧性玻纤布滤料后处理技术研究

玻纤布滤料的柔韧性提升,有利于提高其在水泥、炭黑等行业的应用效果及使用寿命.对玻纤布滤料的后处理技术进行研究,分别考察了素布热脱浸润剂工序烘焙工艺、浸渍处理配方对玻纤布滤料的柔韧性的影响.结果显示热清洗布经过TFP乳液浸渍后的耐折性能具有明显优势,在400℃、210 s制得热清洗布经TFP乳液处理后,耐折次数达到5.8万次左右.因此氨基硅油乳液与聚四氟乙烯乳液的共混乳液对改善玻纤的柔韧性有一定增效,且用400℃、210s制得的热清洗布再通过TFP乳液处理可获得高柔韧性玻纤布滤料.     

邻氨基苯甲酸类Schiff碱铕配合物的合成、表征及荧光性能

以邻氨基苯甲酸类Schiff碱作为配体,与稀土元素铕配合制得系列配合物,通过元素分析、红外光谱分析、紫外光谱分析、摩尔电导分析以及差热—热重分析对它们的组成、结构和配位方式进行了表征,并研究了它们的荧光性能。     

银纳米粒子增强荧光法测定水体中痕量的恩诺沙星

在实验条件下建立了水溶液中痕量恩诺沙星的荧光分析方法;在课题组已有工作的基础上,采用"绿色"化学方法合成了银纳米粒子;研究了所制得的银纳米粒子对水溶液中恩诺沙星荧光行为的影响,并最终建立了水溶液中痕量恩诺沙星的银纳米粒子增强荧光分析方法。     

耐酒精热塑性丙烯酸树脂的合成研究

热塑性丙烯酸树脂在一般用途的涂料中并没有耐酒精性的要求,但应用于一些高档塑料制品涂装时,尤其用作铝粉漆,其对涂膜具有耐酒精性特征的要求显得尤为重要。本文是通过对玻璃化温度（Tg）设定、相对分子质量控制、特殊单体、引发剂、反应溶剂的选用等因素的研究,以制得一种耐酒精热塑性丙烯酸树脂。     

邻菲啰啉-白炭黑复合材料的制备与光学性质研究

本文首先将白炭黑与氢氧化钠反应进行活化,再将0.0520 g邻菲啰啉与经活化的白炭黑0.9980 g在乙醇溶液中加热回流等实验条件下制得复合材料,并经红外光谱、紫外分光光度法和荧光分光光度法对复合材料进行表征和光学性质研究,结果表明:邻菲啰啉-白炭黑复合粉体材料具有较好的的紫外吸收和荧光性质.     

荧光薄膜的研制

通过湿法成形制得荧光薄膜,并对其进行一系列的测试,包括荧光强度、拉伸强度、伸长率,并用X-射线衍射观察其结晶度的变化,红外光谱仪分析其结构存在形式及扫描电镜观察荧光化合物的分散性。随荧光化合物的加入,荧光薄膜的强度、伸长、结晶度均有下降。     

酸对咪唑类二芳基乙烯化合物光致变色性能影响

设计合成了咪唑类二芳基乙烯化合物L,通过1H NMR、13C NMR和元素分析对其分子结构进行了表征,并考察了酸效应对其光致变色性能的影响。结果显示,通过酸效应能够有效调节化合物L的吸收光谱、荧光光谱和热稳定性。化合物L在质子化前后,均表现出良好的光致变色性能,且显示出与众不同的"on to on"的荧光特性。     

Alkali preparation and ions detection of Ti3C2 quantum dots

In this paper, a simple lye etching method is used to directly prepare Ti₃C₂ quantum dot (QDs) without fluorine-containing groups at low lye concentration. The as-prepared Ti₃C₂ QDs have a stability fluorescent property in whole pH range of 1–14 and different fluorescence response to different types of heavy metal ions. Due to the unique and irreversible fluorescence quenching ability for Cr³⁺, Ti₃C₂ QDs can be used to detect Cr³⁺ with a low detection limit of 30 mM. Along with the high fluorescent selectivity and stability in pH = 1–14, Ti₃C₂ QDs is a great application prospect as Cr³⁺ ion detection probes in sewage disposal.     

Time and cost effective methods for testing chemical resistance of aluminium metallic pigmented powder coatings

Polyester based powder coatings containing different types of aluminium metallic flake pigments have been investigated with respect to their chemical stability in acid environments. The metallic flakes are made chemically stable by covering them in silica. The degree of silica coverage and the silica morphology are far more important for the chemical stability of the pigments than the silica thickness. The acid resistance of the final powder coating is found to depend on the pigment embedment depth, on the chemical composition and morphology of the powder coating, and on the silica coating of the pigment. The latter being the single most important factor in our study.     

Polyurethane-acrylate based films as humidity sensors

Fluorescence spectroscopy, together with a conventional gravimetric method, were employed to study the mechanism and kinetics of water diffusion in UV-cured polyurethane-acrylate based adhesive films doped with organic fluorescent sensors. The diffusion of water through the films followed Fick's law during almost the whole mass sorption curve. Whilst the fluorescence data showed that boundary conditions are more complex and Fickian behaviour is only observed after different periods, depending on the molar volume of the fluorescent probe and the adhesive composition. The influence of hydrophilic monomers is discussed. Good correlation between diffusion coefficients by both methods is obtained in the range where water uptake is diffusion controlled.

The fluorescence of the studied probes or labels in these films shows high sensitivity to humidity, good long-term stability and fast response time. Therefore, it appears that these doped films can be used as efficient humidity sensors.     

苯并三唑类化合物取代基与光稳定性的关系

进行了自制的１８个苯并三唑类化合物的熔点测定、热失重分析及紫外光谱分析。通过对分析结果的比较研究，总结出了关于熔点、耐热性等一系列性质与化合物结构之间关系的一般规律，并对研究开发自身具有光稳定性的新型高分子材料提出了设想。     

基于储存稳定性的橡胶改性沥青制备工艺

为了制备储存稳定性良好的橡胶改性沥青,基于高温混炼工艺,使用聚苯乙烯-聚丁二烯-聚苯乙烯嵌段聚合物(SBS)、芳烃油、辛烯聚合物橡胶反应剂(TOR)、稳定剂与橡胶粉对基质沥青进行复合改性。提出了橡胶改性沥青的制备方法,分析了改性剂对沥青常规性能和流变特性的影响,并通过荧光试验观察改性剂在沥青中的分散效果。研究结果表明:添加质量分数为25%的40目(380 μm)胶粉可以明显提高沥青的高温性能;180 ℃下剪切60~90 min后溶胀发育60 min可以得到稳定性良好的橡胶改性沥青;加入相容剂和稳定剂可以提高胶粉的溶胀与分散程度,改性剂之间对沥青性能的影响存在协同作用;复合改性沥青具有良好的弹性恢复能力和高温抗变形性能;橡胶粉、SBS在沥青中的溶胀程度和分散均匀性是影响沥青常规性能和储存稳定性的直接因素。     

Evaluation of in vitro stability of small unilamellar vesicles coated with collagen and chitosan

To improve the in vitro stability of small unilamellar vesicles (SUV), the permeability of SUV, made from soyabean phosphatidylcholine (PC) and coated with collagen and chitosan, was studied using 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (5(6)-CF) as a fluorescence probe. The results showed that the coating with a collagen/PC weight ratio of 2, or a chitosan/PC weight ratio of 8, significantly decreased the permeability of liposomal membranes. In addition, the fluorescence polarization method was used to study the influence of a coating with collagen and chitosan at the above ratios on the fluidity of liposomal membranes, employing an intramolecular charge transfer compound, a 3-methoxy-4′-N ,N-dimethylaminoflavone derivative (DMMF), as a fluorescence probe. The fluidity of a liposomal membrane coated with either of the two macromolecules showed no obvious changes, indicating that SUV coated with collagen and chitosan at appropriate weight ratios, can significantly improve the in vitro stability of liposomal membranes without disturbing their fluidity. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

高稳定性SrF2-Na2O-Fe2O3-P2O5体系氟磷酸盐玻璃的制备与表征

⁹⁰SrF₂和高Na₂O、Fe₂O₃、P₂O₅含量的废物是两大类核电废物,将两者联合固化可获得以SrF₂、Na₂O、Fe₂O₃和P₂O₅为主要组成的玻璃固化体。本文采用X-射线荧光光谱仪、X-射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、热膨胀仪、差热分析仪等研究了各样品的玻璃形成能力、实际组成、结构及热稳定性;采用溶解速率法和产品一致性测试方法研究了样品的耐水性。结果表明:1 000 ℃熔融保温0.5 h制得的玻璃中Sr损失较小而F质量损失达30%~34%;随着P₂O₅/SrF₂摩尔比的降低,玻璃的热稳定性急剧降低,而耐水性却有明显的改善;具有焦磷酸盐玻璃结构的样品稳定性好,其中SrF₂为30%(摩尔分数)的玻璃既具有高耐水性又具有较高的热稳定性。     

Enhanced fluorescence and thermal sensitivity of polyethylenimine modified by Michael addition

Polyethylenimine (PEI) with enhanced fluorescence and thermal sensitivity was achieved by Michael addition of divinylsulfone (DVS) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) respectively. The fluorescence enhancement is quantitatively studied by tailoring the amount of DVS, the medium pH, the substituting acrylates, the substrate polymers with different type amine groups, and the substrate molecular weights. The results suggested that different amine groups affected the performance of fluorescence with quantum yields varied from 0.340 for primary amine (NH₂-) to 0.090 for tertiary amine (N(-C)₃), and further to 0.049 for secondary amine (-NH-). It was also found that the fluorescence enhancement was attributed to the specific molecular structure of DVS-substituted product. The fluorescence moiety is believed to involve a proton-transfer process and have O₂-dependent and pH-sensitive fluorescence properties. From the current study, it can be expected that the accurate prediction of the O₂-dependent fluorescence would be dependent on molecular orbital calculation of the small amine molecules (oxidized with O₂) and their DVS-substituted products.