稀土羧酸配合物对塑料的光敏化特性及机理初探

“可环境消纳塑料”的研发有赖于“可环境消纳塑料助剂”的开发,陈庆华等发现采用羧酸稀土配合物作为光敏剂开发的“可环境消纳塑料”具有避光继续氧化降解功能,这是实现“可环境消纳塑料”在垃圾系统中与土壤同化的关键技术之一。因此,对羧酸稀土配合物进一步系统的研究与应用开发,及“可环境消纳塑料”的研发具有重要的意义。     

无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料的环境协调性研究

从环境友好材料的角度系统研究无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料的综合性能,论证了无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料是一类经济性、功能性和环境协调性有机统一的材料,探讨了"可环境消纳助剂"可强化无机粉体改性塑料的环境消纳特性;重点介绍了无机粉体的筛选原则及环境协调性,总结了无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料仍然存在的缺陷及今后的对策,强调要加快推进提高这一新型改性塑料材料产业化的技术水平;明确了"光钙型多功能环境友好塑料"是狭义上的无机粉体改性塑料环境友好塑料,该技术产品已成为治理塑料"白色污染"的主流产品之一;提出今后"开发性价比高"的无机粉体改性塑料和"具有可环境消纳特性"的"光钙型多功能环境友好塑料"将作为无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料发展重点的观点。     

无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料的环境协调性研究

从环境友好材料的角度系统研究无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料的综合性能,论证了无机物体改性塑料环境友好材料是一类经济性、功能性和环境协调性有机统一的材料,探讨了"可环境消纳助剂"可强化无机粉体改性塑料的环境消纳特性;重点介绍了无机粉体的筛选原则及环境协调性,总结了无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料仍然存在的缺陷及今后的对策,强调要加快推进提高这一新型改性塑料材料产业化的技术水平;明确了"光钙型多动能环境友好塑料"是狭义上的无机粉体改性塑料环境友好塑料,该技术产品已成为治理塑料"白色污染"的主流产品之一;提出今后"开发性价比高"的无机粉体改性塑料和"具有可环境消纳特性"的"光钙型多功能环境友好塑料"将作为无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料发展重点的观点。     

建筑门窗、幕墙聚丙烯环保型保护膜的研制

筛选出一种具有多种功能的稀土配合物，研制出掺杂稀土配合物的含滑石粉的聚丙烯（PP）可环境消纳专用树脂，采用该专用树脂吹制的PP膜经特殊设备按实用新型专利的方法制成了建筑门窗、幕墙环保型保护膜。实验结果表明：所研制的建筑门窗、幕墙环保型保护膜在使用期可防止建筑装饰材料不受损伤，又能起到防伪的功能，使用后既可回收再利用，当进入垃圾系统时又具有可环境消纳功能，其综合经济价值较高。     

无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料的研发方向

本文就无机粉体改性材料环境友好材料的定义及研发方向提出作者的见解，通过自身的科研，从环境友好材料的角度系统研究无机粉体改性塑料环境友好材料的综合性能，论证了无机粉体改性材料环境友好材料是一类经济性、功能性和环境协调性有机统一的材料，探讨了“可环境消纳助剂”可强化无机粉体改性塑料的环境消纳的特性；重点介绍了无机粉体的筛选原则及无机粉体表面改性技术的最新进展，认为无机粉体表面原位组合化学改性和具有配位功能的稀土偶联剂可有效地提高无机粉体改性塑料的刚性和韧性；呼吸加快推进提高这一新型改性材料产业化的技术水平，将“好的价格性能比”和具有可环境消纳特性的“光钙型多功能环境友好塑料”作为无机粉体改性环境友好材料的发展重点，同时提出“光钙型多功能环境友好材料”是狭义上的无机粉体改性塑料环境友好塑料，该技术产品已成为治理塑料“白色污染”的主流产品之一。     

稀土钐配合物发光材料的研究现状与进展

简述了稀土钐配合物在白光材料应用方面的可观前景,报道了在生物医药、荧光探针、农用转光膜、温敏漆和功能化橡胶助剂等方面的最新研究。同时,概述了稀土钐配合物在应用过程中的不足之处和面临的问题,为后续工作者对稀土钐配合物的研究提出期待,最后就稀土钐配合物的应用前景和未来发展予以展望。     

稀土助剂在塑料中的应用研究进展

综述了稀土助剂在塑料中的应用研究情况。重点介绍近年来出现的新型稀土助剂的特点与应用．发展稀土助剂成为我国塑料助剂膏技术化开拓—条新途径。     

稀土元素在橡胶中的应用研究进展

从4个方面阐述稀土元素在橡胶中的应用研究进展：稀土含硫配合物用作橡胶硫化促进剂、稀土填料改善橡胶性能、稀土催化剂用于橡胶合成、稀土功能性助剂拓展橡胶功能。对稀土橡胶助剂的发展提出建议。     

环境友好塑料材料的研制及开发动态

从塑料与环保协调发展的角度出发,论述了环境友好塑料材料的定义及研究开发方向,探讨了使塑料材料成为耐用的、价格性能比好的、易于清洁生产的、可回收利用和可环境消纳的方法和途径;总结了目前国内外降解塑料的开发动态,着重介绍了几种可提高降解塑料的降解可控性、彻底性和扩宽应用领域的新技术;首次报道了可环境消纳专用树脂的技术特点和市场前景,强调了开发可环境消纳塑料必须适应垃圾的可堆肥、可焚烧、可降解的综合处理方式.     

稀土塑料助剂开发和研究进展

稀土在塑料中的应用是稀土应用研究的一个新领域 ,但有关研究已显示稀土化合物在改进塑料性能、赋予塑料新功能等方面均具有独特而显著的功效。本文综述了稀土塑料助剂的开发和研究进展。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。