压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板火灾响应及火灾后受力性能试验研究

为了分析压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板的火灾响应,首先对受荷条件下的2块简支陶粒混凝土组合楼板进行了火灾行为试验,得到了其火灾温度响应及位移响应。在此基础上,进一步对2块受火后的压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板进行了火灾后受力性能试验研究,并对1块具有相同参数的组合楼板开展了常温下静载试验。结果表明：在楼板内部设置焊接栓钉将减弱组合楼板的抗火性能、降低组合楼板火灾后的承载力;与未受火作用的同样规格的组合楼板相比,火灾后压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板的破坏形式发生较大变化,但仍具有较高的承载力和良好的受力性能;压型钢板-陶粒混凝土组合楼板受火后为弯曲破坏,而未受火楼板则为剪切滑移破坏。     

大跨度缩口型压型钢板-混凝土组合板纵向抗剪承载能力试验研究

对10个大跨度缩口型组合板试件进行纵向抗剪性能试验,研究了端部锚固条件、组合板截面高度、压型钢板厚度及板底附加受拉钢筋等因素对组合板试件的受力性能及破坏形态的影响。研究表明:大跨度缩口型无端部锚固组合板在外荷载作用下多发生延性纵向剪切破坏,而端部锚固组合板则发生弯曲破坏或延性纵向剪切破坏;增加组合楼板的厚度、提高压型钢板厚度及板底布置附加受拉钢筋等措施均能提高组合楼板的承载能力,有效改善压型钢板与混凝土界面的相互作用。     

压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合楼板受弯承载力试验研究

通过对8块压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合楼板进行两点对称集中加载的静力试验,考察了组合楼板的破坏特征、变形性能及受力性能。研究结果表明,对于在压型钢板表面布置抗剪钢筋以及在压型钢板端部设置栓钉的组合楼板,其承载力主要受弯曲破坏控制。在其他条件相同的情况下,抗剪钢筋间距对受弯极限承载力影响不大。根据塑性设计理论,提出了组合楼板截面应力分布计算模型,建立了压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合楼板的受弯极限承载力计算公式,并验证了其适用性。     

开口型压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板抗弯承载力试验研究

通过4组不同跨度的开口型压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板的静力试验,研究了组合楼板的裂缝分布、破坏特征和滑移等情况。试验结果表明,开口型压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板破坏以纵向水平剪切黏结破坏形态为主。破坏时压型钢板与混凝土产生纵向剪切裂缝,端部发生相对滑移;设置栓钉和增加楼板的厚度可以提高其抗弯承载力,同时栓钉可以有效减少端部相对滑移;对于大跨度开口型压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板应适当配纵向受拉钢筋以提高其抗弯性能。采用全塑性理论计算的极限抗弯承载力大于试验结果,表明开口型压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板的极限承载力由水平纵向抗剪承载力控制。按极限抗弯承载力设计的开口型组合楼板偏于不安全。     

火灾下钢结构建筑楼板的薄膜效应机理及理论模型

通过试验及火灾实例发现,建筑结构中的钢筋混凝土楼板或压型钢板组合楼板在高温下能产生很大变形,进而产生薄膜效应,能大大提高楼板的抗火性能。因此,在结构防火设计中正确考虑薄膜效应的影响,对发挥楼板的抗火潜能,降低结构抗火成本,有重要意义。本文论述了火灾下楼板的薄膜效应产生的机理,建立了分析模型,将楼板划分为5部分,包括周边4个刚性板块和中间一呈椭球面的板块。分别对板块的内力和弯矩进行了分析,然后根据板块内力及弯矩的平衡方程及位移协调方程,推导出了火灾下考虑薄膜效应后楼板极限承载力的计算公式,为考虑薄膜效应时的楼板抗火设计提供了参考。     

压型钢板-砼组合楼板火灾下温度场的数值分析

要研究压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板的抗火性能,首先要研究压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板的温度场.根据传热学中的基本原理,用有限元方法,对火灾下压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板温度场的计算方法进行了研究,并编制了计算程序.与实际试验结果对比,发现该方法精度较好.     

闭口压型钢板混凝土组合楼板抗火性能研究

闭口压型钢板混凝土组合楼板在工程中使用逐渐增多。通过对不同厚度的Encondek闭口压型钢板混凝土组合楼板进行耐火试验,并建立ABAQUS非线性有限元模型进行计算分析,对闭口压型钢板混凝土组合楼板的抗火性能进行深入分析。研究表明:采用闭口压型钢板的组合楼板温度上升速度明显低于开口压型钢板组合楼板,闭口压型钢板组合楼板较开口压型钢板组合楼板具有更好的耐火性能,根据试验和数值计算结果,提出了适用于闭口压型钢板组合楼板的截面温度场简化计算式。     

连续倒塌分析中混凝土楼板损伤性能的研究

混凝土楼板在连续倒塌分析中的受力性能研究是学术界研究的一个重点。本文采用Abaqus显示动力积分,对混凝土楼板在偶然荷载作用下的破坏情况进行仿真分析,研究其破坏特点及倒塌模式;在不同失效位移情况下,分析了楼板中混凝土和钢筋的应力分布以及拉压损伤分布模式;从分析结果中,可以清晰看出楼板在大变形下受压薄膜效应和受拉薄膜效应的发展趋势,并对两种薄膜效应给出了合理解释。     

近爆作用下压型钢板组合楼板动力响应及影响因素数值分析

利用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,采用流固耦合的计算方法,对压型钢板组合楼板在近爆炸荷载作用下进行了不同工况的数值模拟,得出其受力形态,分析其动力响应及破坏过程,找出影响楼板动力响应的主要因素。数值分析结果表明:适当增加混凝土厚度和提高压型钢板强度,可以显著降低组合楼板的跨中最大位移,提高组合楼板的延性和抗爆性能;组合楼板中钢筋间距的变化,对组合楼板抗爆性能影响较小。     

钢-混凝土组合楼板实用抗火设计方法

利用钢-混凝土组合楼盖抗火性能非线性有限元分析程序对不同荷载大小、不同压型钢板厚度、不同配筋的压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板进行了抗火性能分析,找出了火灾影响下组合楼板结构性能的因素,给出了计算组合楼板耐火时间的拟合公式,得到了一些适用于压型钢板-混凝土组合楼板抗火设计的结论和建议。     

钢管混凝土柱-钢梁节点在具有冷却过程的模拟火灾中的性能分析

对3个带有钢筋混凝土楼板的钢管混凝土柱与钢梁的节点进行了试验,这些节点承受组合荷载、同时具有加热和冷却的火荷载的共同作用。试验参数包括加热时间和防火材料厚度。测量了节点在加热、冷却和灾后的温度和变形。采用有限元模型模拟了节点在组合荷载和火灾下的反应。通过试验结果证实了有限元模型的有效性。随后采用有限元模型分析加热和冷却过程各自引起的节点温度变化。另外,给出此类节点在组合荷载和加热冷却火荷载作用下的弯矩-转角关系。     

钢骨混凝土柱的耐火性能和抗火设计方法(Ⅰ)

确定了高温下组成钢骨混凝土的钢材和混凝土的热工参数和力-热本构关系模型,利用有限元法计算了钢骨混凝土柱截面温度场,计算结果得到实验结果的验证。利用数值方法对钢骨混凝土柱耐火极限及火灾下荷载-变形关系曲线进行了计算分析,理论计算结果和实验结果吻合良好。在此基础上,分析了截面尺寸、构件长细比、截面含钢率、截面配筋率、荷载偏心率、钢骨和钢筋屈服强度、混凝土强度、截面高宽比等参数对耐火极限以及火灾下构件承载力的影响规律。最后,提出了钢骨混凝土柱耐火极限的实用计算公式。本文是第一部分。     

钢骨混凝土柱的耐火性能和抗火设计方法(II)

确定了高温下组成钢骨混凝土的钢材和混凝土的热工参数和力-热本构关系模型,利用有限元法计算了钢骨混凝土柱截面温度场,计算结果得到实验结果的验证。利用数值方法对钢骨混凝土柱耐火极限及火灾下荷载-变形关系曲线进行了计算分析,理论计算结果和实验结果吻合良好。在此基础上,分析了截面尺寸、构件长细比、截面含钢率、截面配筋率、荷载偏心率、钢骨和钢筋屈服强度、混凝土强度、截面高宽比等参数对耐火极限以及火灾下构件承载力的影响规律。最后,提出了钢骨混凝土柱耐火极限的实用计算公式。本文是第二部分。     

有粘结与无粘结预应力混凝土框架结构抗火性能比较研究

从平面框架结构入手 ,通过试验分析 ,对比研究了有粘结和无粘结预应力混凝土结构在不同温度、不同荷载、不同预应力度及不同张拉应力下的火灾反应。研究了预应力混凝土结构在火灾中的特性 ,提出了提高预应力混凝土结构抗火性能的一些建议。     

Influencing factors for fire performance of simply supported RC beams with implicit and explicit transient creep strain material models

Knowledge of the temperature dependent material properties of concrete and steel bars is important for understanding the fire-response of a reinforced concrete (RC) structure. At high temperatures, the total strain of concrete is for a large extent influenced by load dependent strains, including transient strain and creep strain, which is also called transient creep strain in literature. The transient creep strain is much larger than the instantaneous stress-related strain under elevated temperature, and can lead to large influences on the deformation of the RC structure. Computer simulations that study the behaviour of heated concrete structures should consider this transient creep strain parameter, otherwise the deformations will be slightly overestimated. This remark is especially necessary for columns, because of their large compression area. However most of the fire resistance simulations use the implicit material models of concrete, as presented by EN 1992-1-2, which is a viable tool in current design practice, but cannot be used whenever transient creep may have an effect on the behaviour of the structural members. So it is necessary to compare the difference of the fire performance of RC beams with implicit and explicit models and study the factors influencing the difference between the two models.To solve this problem, a simplified numerical model proposed by the authors is adopted in this paper, the difference between fire performance of simple supported members with implicit and explicit models are compared and validated by experimental results from previously executed fire tests. Three influencing factors are discussed by comparing the fire behaviour simulation results of RC rectangular beams. The parameters that may have an impact on the difference of fire behaviour of members with the two models studied in this paper are heating curves, reinforcement and the size effect of the cross-section. The conclusions of the parametric study may lead to a better use of material models and more precise simulations on fire behaviour of RC elements, which are required by performance-based fire-resistance design.     

闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板受力性能及动力特性试验研究

对6块闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板试件进行了两点对称集中加载静力试验研究,考察了组合板在不同剪跨比下的破坏形态、钢板与混凝土应变发展、端部滑移和裂缝发展情况,研究了组合板的纵向剪切极限承载能力。研究结果表明,端部设置栓钉的闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板具有较好组合作用,剪跨比较小的闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板主要发生纵向剪切粘结破坏,而剪跨比较大的组合板主要发生接近于弯曲破坏的弯剪破坏;根据试验研究结果,建立了闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板的承载能力计算公式,并给出了组合板刚度计算建议方法。为考察组合板的动力特性,对6块闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板的前三阶自振频率和阻尼比进行了试验测试,测试结果表明闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板阻尼比比较小,并结合自振频率实测结果对经验计算公式进行了对比验证,为闭口型压型钢板-轻骨料混凝土组合板动力特性计算及组合楼盖的竖向振动分析控制设计提供依据     

火灾下钢筋混凝土剪力墙温度场数值模拟

为了研究配筋率、升温曲线、多面受火、传热系数等因素对钢筋混凝土剪力墙温度场的影响,利用COMSOL多物理场建模与仿真软件对火灾下钢筋混凝土剪力墙温度场进行模拟,并得到不同因素变化条件下的剪力墙的温度场分布规律,模拟结果与试验结果符合良好.对温度场模拟中各参数对温度场的影响进行了讨论,结果表明:受火时间越长,钢筋混凝土剪...     

火灾下钢筋混凝土墙计算模型及影响因素分析

采用有限元软件ABAQUS对火灾下钢筋混凝土墙的变形全过程进行了计算,计算结果与以往实验结果吻合较好.在此基础上,系统分析了轴压比、侧向荷载比、高厚比、墙厚度、混凝土抗压强度、钢筋屈服强度、配筋率和混凝土保护层厚度对钢筋混凝土墙变形和耐火极限的影响规律.研究结果表明,受火过程中,钢筋混凝土墙在无侧向荷载且轴压比或墙厚度...     

Investigation of concrete encased steel composite columns at elevated temperatures

This paper presents a nonlinear 3-D finite element model investigating the behaviour of concrete encased steel composite columns at elevated temperatures. The composite columns were pin-ended axially loaded columns having different cross-sectional dimensions, different structural steel sections, different coarse aggregates and different load ratios during fire. The nonlinear material properties of steel, concrete, longitudinal and transverse reinforcement bars as well as the effect of concrete confinement at ambient and elevated temperatures were considered in the finite element models. The interface between the steel section and concrete, the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement bars, and the reinforcement bars and concrete were also considered allowing the bond behaviour to be modelled and the different components to retain its profile during the deformation of the column. The initial overall (out-of-straightness) geometric imperfection was carefully included in the model. The finite element model has been validated against published tests conducted at elevated temperatures. The time–temperature relationships, deformed shapes at failure, time–axial displacement relationships, failure modes and fire resistances of the columns were evaluated by the finite element model. It has been shown that the finite element model can accurately predict the behaviour of the columns at elevated temperatures. Furthermore, the variables that influence the fire resistance and behaviour of the composite columns comprising different load ratios during fire, different coarse aggregates and different slenderness ratios were investigated in parametric studies. It is shown that the fire resistance of the columns generally increases with the decrease in the column slenderness ratio as well as the increase in the structural steel ratio. It is also shown that the time–axial displacement relationship is considerably affected by the coarse aggregate. The fire resistances of the composite columns obtained from the finite element analyses were compared with the design values obtained from the Eurocode 4 for composite columns at elevated temperatures. It is shown that the EC4 is conservative for all the concrete encased steel composite columns, except for the columns having a load ratio of 0.5 as well as the columns having a slenderness ratio of 0.69 and a load ratio of 0.4.     

Constitutive Relationships for Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete at Elevated Temperatures

Steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) is an advanced cementitious composite where fibres can act as a profitable replacement for diffused reinforcement, like welded steel mesh, especially for thin cross sections. In this case fire becomes a very important condition in the design. Previous experimental research has shown the benefits in fire resistance of steel fibres, when structural elements are bent. The proper understanding of the effects of elevated temperatures on the properties of SFRC is necessary. In this study, constitutive relationships are developed for high-strength FRSC subjected to fire, with the purpose of given that capable modelling and to specify the fire-performance criteria for concrete structures. They are developed for unconfined FRSC specimens that include compressive and tensile strengths, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, strain at peak stress, and compressive stress–strain relationships at elevated temperatures. The proposed relationships at elevated temperature are compared with experimental results. These results are used to establish compressive stress–strain relationships. Further experimental results for tension and the other main parameters at elevated temperature are needed in order to establish well-founded models and to improve the proposed constitutive relationships, which are general, rational, and fit well with the experimental results.