二氧化碳中甲醇和乙醇的吸附分离

利用酒精厂尾气生产食品级二氧化碳需要脱除甲醇和乙醇.考察了二氧化碳中甲醇、乙醇在活性炭、ZSM-5、5A、NaY分子筛不同吸附剂上的动态吸附性能,讨论了吸附质分子极性、分子直径、吸附剂的表面极性、孔道结构等因素对吸附过程的影响.     

利用折光率快速鉴别乙醇和甲醇

利用折光率快速鉴别乙醇和甲醇姚庆伟（汕头市产品质量监督检验所）白酒是人们喜爱的一种饮料，近年来在我国一些地方的个别不法商贩为牟取暴利，采用工业乙醇和水、酒精勾兑冒充白酒出售，甚至有的将性质与乙醇相似、价格较低的甲醇兑水冒充白酒销售，使购买饮用的人中毒...     

Xe+离子注入对单晶YSZ光学性能影响的研究

单晶YSZ(ytttia-stabilized cubic zirconia)在注入能量为200keV的Xe+离子后由无色透明变成紫色透明,吸收光谱测试表明,当注量达到1×1016cm-2时,开始出现吸收峰,并且吸收强度随注量增加而增大.对注量为1×1016cm-2和1×1017cm-2的样品,吸收带峰值分别位于522nm和497nm.吸收带可能与氧空位捕获电子形成的F型色心和氧离子捕获空位形成的V型色心有关.注入注量为1×1016cm-2样品的荧光测试表明,荧光光谱均为400～600nm范围内的宽发射带.注入注量为1×1017cm-2的样品没有荧光现象产生,可能是由于辐照损伤严重,缺陷浓度增大所致.     

焦炉煤气制取甲醇和天然气技术对比分析

介绍和对比了焦炉煤气制甲醇和LNG的工艺流程及焦炉煤气制甲醇的关键技术烷烃化的不同类型、焦炉煤气制液化天然气的甲烷化技术,探讨了焦炉煤气综合利用的不同方法以及特点。     

Ti缓冲层对ZnO薄膜吸收特性和荧光光谱的影响

采用射频磁控溅射法在Si衬底和玻璃衬底上制备了ZnO/Ti薄膜,利用紫外-可见分光光度计和荧光分光光度计等技术表征了ZnO/Ti薄膜的光学特性,研究了Ti缓冲层的厚度对ZnO薄膜的影响。透射吸收光谱显示所有ZnO薄膜在可见光区域的平均透过率超过80%,当引入缓冲层后,薄膜的紫外吸收边先向长波方向移动,且随着缓冲层厚度的增加紫外吸收边向短波方向移动。薄膜的荧光光谱显示,所有样品出现了位于390nm的紫外发光峰,435和487nm的蓝光双峰以及525nm的绿光峰,并对各发光峰的来源进行了探讨。     

气相色谱法同时测定空气中甲醇、乙醇和丙醇

建立了以纯净水吸收,气相色谱法测定空气中甲醇、乙醇和丙醇的方法。本方法用DB－624毛细管柱分离,直接进样分析,氢火焰离子化检测器检测三种醇类。甲醇加标回收率为103.2％,乙醇加标回收率为96.8％,丙醇加标回收率为93.6％,当采样体积为30L,甲醇、乙醇和丙醇最低检出质量浓度均为0.20mg/m3。本方法前处理简便,分离度好,分析灵敏度高,满足环境分析要求。     

单壁碳纳米管分子光谱表征及应用的研究进展

不同结构的单壁碳纳米管(SWCNTs)具有不同的光学性质。着重介绍了单壁碳纳米管的基本光学性质,概述了SWCNTs的吸收光谱、拉曼光谱和荧光光谱3种分子光谱表征技术及其在SWCNTs分离、传感等方面应用的研究进展。系统分析和比较了3种方法的特点,同时展望了分子光谱在SWCNTs表征方面的应用前景。     

α(β)-四-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)酞菁的合成、表征和光谱性质

以3-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)邻苯二腈和4-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)邻苯二腈为起始原料分别合成了α-四(4-甲氧基苯氧基)酞菁和β-四(4-甲氧基苯氧基)酞菁,通过红外光谱和紫外可见光谱表征了其结构,并讨论了取代基引入的位置对酞菁紫外可见光谱和荧光光谱的影响。     

优化甲醇系统工艺降低甲醇单耗研究

探讨了如何通过优化甲醇工艺指标解决山东薛焦化工公司甲醇装置中存在甲酵单耗高,产量偏低的情况,分析了原因,并提出了改进措施,使甲酵单耗焦炉气由原来的2500m3/t,降低到2200m3/t以下的目的。     

甲醇溶液的荧光光谱特性

应用SP-2558多功能光谱测量系统,由Xe灯通过激发光谱仪获得不同波长的紫外光,对不同浓度甲醇溶液在不同波长紫外光激励下产生荧光光谱的特性进行了实验研究。结果表明,甲醇溶液在波长220nm左右的紫外光激励下能产生较强的荧光。荧光峰是310nm至370nm范围的宽谱峰;荧光峰值波长在337nm附近,并随激励光波长增大而产生红移;在同一紫外光激励下,荧光强度随甲醇溶液浓度的增大发生先增强再减弱的变化。根据分子光谱理论,经分析提出,该荧光是由甲醇分子中-OH基团的孤对电子跃迁产生的,荧光光谱的上述特性由电子的跃迁情况决定。研究结果为甲醇作为常用溶剂和重要有机化工原料的应用、检测提供依据。     

Ethanol sensing properties of chemosynthesized CdO nanowires and nanowalls

Nanowires and nanowalls of the Cadmium oxide (CdO) films were synthesized by a simple one pot chemical bath deposition (CBD) method at room temperature. The Triton X-100 (TX) was used as a structure directing agent/surfactant to tune the morphology of CdO thin films. Its effect on the film thickness, crystallinity, wettability and ethanol gas sensitivity is studied. The thickness of the film is increased from 0.11 μm to 0.51 μm with the addition of TX in the growth solution. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reveal the improvement in crystallinity of CdO for TX assisted films. Scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) show the transformation of morphology from nanowires to the bundle of nano-sheets. Ethanol gas sensitivity is found to be enhanced for TX assisted CdO films. Enhancement in gas sensitivity is due to formation of highly porous nanowalls and increment in the hydrophilicity of the CdO films.     

Sensing properties of two-component Langmuir-Blodgett layer and its porous derivative in SAW sensor for vapors of methanol and ethanol

Two-component Langmuir-Blodgett film has been fabricated from equimolar mixture of 5-[[1,3-dioxo-3-[4-(1-oxooctadecyl)phenyl]propyl]amino]-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid with cetylamine. Porous one-component derivative of this film has been obtained by removing of cetylamine. Both films have been investigated as sensing layers of the surface acoustic wave sensors for vapors of methanol and ethanol in air. These films react on the alcohol vapors. Time of the sensor reaction is less than 2 s and this reaction is reversible. The response parameters of the sensor depend on the kind of the alcohol and the structure of the layer. An explanation of the observed differences in the behavior of both layers in contact with vapors of the alcohols has been proposed.     

Ethanol chemi-sensor: Evaluation of structural, optical and sensing properties of CuO nanosheets

In this paper, CuO nanosheets were synthesized via hydrothermal process and efficiently utilized as redox mediator for the fabrication of efficient ethanol chemi-sensor. The morphological investigation of synthesized CuO products were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) which confirmed that the synthesized products are sheet-shaped and are grown in large quantity. The detailed structural, compositional and optical characterizations of the synthesized nanosheets were done by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV-vis spectroscopy, respectively which confirmed that the obtained nanosheets are well-crystalline pure CuO and possessing good optical properties. The fabricated ethanol sensor based on CuO nanosheet exhibits good sensitivity (~0.9722 µA·cm^-2.mM^-1) and lower detection limit (0.143 mM), with linearity (R = 0.7806) in short response time (10.0 s).     

一种新型可溶喹吖啶酮衍生物LB膜的制备及其光谱特性

采用表面压-分子面积(π一A)等温曲线和紫外-可见吸收谱的方法研究了一种新型喹吖啶酮衍生物材料LB膜的制备及其光谱特性．实验表明,这种新型喹吖啶酮衍生物能够在水面上形成稳定的单分子膜,它与花生酸(AA)混合后不仅可以形成很好的单分子膜,而且可以较好地转移到固体基片上制备成LB膜多层膜．这种新型喹吖啶酮衍生物LB膜的紫外-可见吸收谱的吸收峰位较稀溶液发生了红移,这是由极性溶剂分子与其相互作用的结果．它在溶液和LB膜中都是以单体的形式存在．     

Synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles in supercritical methanol

Cobalt nanoparticles with a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure were synthesized by the reduction of Co(NO₃)₂ in supercritical methanol. The reduction of Co(NO₃)₂ to fcc Co was completed within 15 min at 400 °C and 300 bar. The reduction mechanism was investigated by varying the reaction temperature (200–400 °C) and the reaction time (0.5–15 min). The results suggested that cobalt methoxynitrate formed at an initial stage was converted to CoO, and then reduced to Co. In addition, an introduction of oleic acid as a stabilizer achieved the formation of Co nanoparticles (∼10 nm).     

Comparison of fluorescence spectra of Yb:Y3Al5O12 and Yb:YAlO3 single crystals

Yb:Y₃Al₅O₁₂ (Yb:YAG) single crystals with Yb doping concentration 0.5 at.%, 5 at.%, 15 at.%, 25 at.%, 50 at.%, 100 at.% and Yb:YAlO₃ (Yb:YAP) single crystals with Yb doping concentration 0.5 at.%, 5 at.%, 15 at.%, 30 at.% were grown by the Czochralski process. The fluorescence spectra of these crystals and the effects of self-absorption on the shape of the fluorescence spectra were studied. Through comparing the fluorescence spectra of Yb:YAG and Yb:YAP, all results indicate that the effects of self-absorption on the fluorescence spectra of Yb:YAP are remarkably stronger than that of Yb:YAG at the same Yb concentration.     

燃料和基板对火焰法制备一维碳纳米材料的影响

以乙醇、甲醇及液化石油气为碳源，低碳钢及含Ni合金钢等为基板，采用火焰法成功地制备出了一维碳纳米材料，包括碳纳米管（CNTs）和一种新的“实心”碳纳米纤维（CNFs）。利用场发射枪高分辨扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）和激光Raman光谱对碳纳米材料的结构进行了表征。发现基板材料决定燃烧生成物的性质，含Fe元素及其化合物的基板材料倾向于合成“实心”碳纳米纤维，而含Nj元素及其化合物的基板材料倾向于合成“空心”的碳纳米管，认为这是由于碳与Fe的亲和力比Ni大而造成的。不同碳源对一维碳纳米材料的形态也有影响，这与它们的含碳量和燃烧热等不同有关。     

Thermal Conductivity of AlN–Ethanol Nanofluids

Aluminum nitride (AlN) particles of 20 nm diameter were dispersed into ethanol by a two-step process, first magnetic striation and then ultrasonic agitation. Castor oil was added as a dispersant to improve the stability of the AlN suspension. The thermal conductivities of AlN–ethanol nanofluids were measured by a hot-disk method from 0.5 vol% to 4.0 vol% at temperatures of 273.15 K and 297.15 K. Results show about 20% increase in the thermal conductivity of ethanol with the addition of 4.0 vol% at 273.15 K, and a strong temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity.     

两种四硝基酞菁的合成及光谱性质研究

用4-硝基邻苯二甲酰亚胺、3-硝基邻苯二甲酸酐分别和4种金属盐、尿素、钼酸铵在熔融状态下合成2,9,16,23-四-硝基金属酞菁、1,8,15,22-四-硝基金属酞菁,时产物进行了IR、UV-vis光谱测定和表征,并分别对比不同金属酞菁的谱学性质.实验结果表明,在紫外吸收光谱中,4种金属对于两类酞菁化合物最大吸收波长的影响是Zn＞Cu＞Ni＞Co.