正弦波电磁场对瓦斯吸附常数的影响规律

对不同变质程度煤瓦斯吸附常数a、b值的电磁效应进行了实验研究．研究表明，正弦波电磁场作用对吸附常数a值影响不大，可以明显的减小吸附常数b值．吸附常数b值随电磁场频率的增高成负指数幂减小，随电磁场电压的升高成线形减小．外加电磁场作用可以降低煤对瓦斯的吸附能力和吸附量．     

煤岩电磁改性过程中温度的变化及其影响

对交变电磁场作用下煤岩电磁改性特征及在该过程中的温度变化进行了研究.结果表明不同频率的交变电磁场作用下,煤岩吸附CO2仍旧符合Langmiur方程;温度对煤岩电磁改性过程中的吸附量的变化有重要影响.     

煤岩电磁改性过程中温度的变化及其影响

对交变电磁场作用下煤岩电磁改性特征及在该过程中的温度变化进行了研究。结果表明:不同频率的交变电磁场作用下,煤岩吸附CO_2仍旧符合Langmiur方程;温度对煤岩电磁改性过程中的吸附量的变化有重要影响。     

煤吸附水的微观机理

根据煤大分子和表面的结构特点，应用分子热力学和表面物理化学理论分析了煤表面自由能的特征和煤吸附水的微观机理．结果表明，煤对水分子的吸收从微观上看是由于水分子与煤表面相互吸引作用的结果，这些作用力包括分子间力和氢键．煤对水分子的吸附是多层吸附，吸附第一层水主要是由于煤对水分子的氢键作用占主要地位，对其余水分子层的吸附主要是由于分子间力引起的长程力作用的结果．对水分子与煤表面的分子间力进行了估算，结果是分子间力中色散作用力占主要地位．讨论了添加活性剂润湿煤体的作用，认为这是从微观上改变了水分子与煤表面的吸引作用力的结果．研究煤吸附水的微观机理为现场优化提高煤层润湿性措施奠定了理论基础．     

分光光度法测定阴离子表面活性剂在煤表面的静态吸附

为了测定阴离子表面活性剂在煤粒表面的吸附量,利用紫外分光光度法,检测了溶液在煤表面吸附前后的质量浓度,并计算了添加剂在煤粒表面的吸附量．结果表明,紫外分光光度法检测阴离子表面活性剂质量浓度快速准确;不同变质程度的煤粒表面吸附平衡时间不同,即长治煤表面为10h,乌兰煤面为18h,白芨沟煤为20h;同种煤表面的静态饱和吸附量不同,即煤样1吸附量为0．68mg／g,煤样2吸附量为0．76mg／g,煤样3吸附量为0．91mg／g．     

煤表面对单氧分子的物理吸附机理

煤的氧化自燃是由煤表面对氧的吸附开始．应用量子化学密度泛函理论,研究了煤表面对氧分子的物理吸附机理和吸附过程．结果表明,煤表面与氧分子组成的吸附态中,煤表面苯环碳原子的电子向氧分子中的氧原子转移,导致氧原子的净电荷增加;单氧分子在苯环位置吸附时,其O-O键的伸缩振动频率向低波数位移;单氧分子在侧链位置吸附时,UC14-H16和UO24-UO25红外光谱的振动频率变小,分子之间的作用力减弱了分子的伸缩振动．氧与苯环吸附时的吸附能为30．94kJ／mol,与氨基基团吸附时的吸附能为71．81kJ／mol煤表面侧链吸附放出的热量大于与苯环吸附所放出的热量,侧链吸附对煤的氧化自燃的贡献大于苯环的吸附．     

陶土的吸附和表面改性研究

本文研究了陶土对阳离子和阴离子表面活性剂的吸附、吸附等温线和影响吸附量的某些因素（包括温度、ＰＨ等），并讨论了表面改性的效果和机理．     

有机改性沸石对废水中Cr（Ⅵ）及苯酚的吸附研究

用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与两性离子表面活性剂N，N-二甲基十二烷基甜菜碱复配的混合表面活性剂对天然沸石改性，研究了改性沸石吸附废水中Cr（Ⅵ）和苯酚的相关参数．研究表明：当pH值为6～8，振荡速度为160r／min，改性剂浓度为2．0％，吸附时间为30min时．去除率可达90％以上,为废水处理提供了一种新的环保材料．并为天然沸石的开发利用开辟了一条新的途径．     

表面改性活性炭对CO2的吸附性能

研究了用Ｈ２Ｏ２，ＨＮＯ３加醋酸铜溶液进行表面改性后的活性炭对ＣＯ２的吸附性能，分析了改性前后的活性炭的表面化学性质，测定了２７３Ｋ下的吸附等温线，用Ｄ－Ａ方程对吸附等温线进行了很好的拟合，探讨了表面改性对活性炭表面化学性质的影响及其表面化党性民吸附性能之间的关系。     

电解还原法强化高硫煤浮选脱硫机理研究

采用电解还原法对高硫煤预处理后，使煤表面的含氧官能团减少，疏水性增强；同时，黄铁矿表面初始氧化产物如单质硫和多硫化物被还原，亲水性增强．煤粒和黄铁矿颗粒两者的表面性质向相反的方向改性，从而实现强化浮选分离的目的，理论上分析了煤和黄铁矿表面的改性机理，并通过试验验证了电解还原法强化浮选能够明显地降低浮选精煤中的硫分．对不同煤样的浮选结果表明：北宿煤样的黄铁矿脱除率可达89％以上。     

Surface Modification Mechanism of Fine Coal by Electrochemical Methods

In order to reveal the surface modification mechanism of fine coal by electrochemical methods, the structural changes of the coal surface before and after electrochemical modification were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra （FTIR） and Raman Spectra. The results show that under certain electrochemical conditions, the oxy- gen-containing functional group in the coal structure and the oxygen content of absorption could be reduced and the floatability of coal improved. At the same time, the sulfur in the coal was reduced to the hydrophilic S^2- which could be separated easily from coal. Thus electrochemical modification methods could be used to change the structure and functional group on the coal surface and to enhance the floatability of coal.     

不同煤阶煤表面改性的FTIR谱研究

用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）方法对煤样进行了测试,研究了煤表面改性前后官能团含量的变化。结果表明,随着煤的变质程度增高,含氧官能团减少。当采用不同的电化学法还原处理后,不同变质程度煤的含氧官能团也都有不同程度的减少。含氧官能团的减少能使煤的疏水性增强,同时黄铁矿表面的亲水性增强,有利于浮选脱硫的进行。     

Surface characteristics and wetting mechanism of respirable coal dust

In this study,FTIR and XPS spectroscopy,specific surface area and pore size analyses,wetting and other experimental means have been applied to investigate respirable coal dust surface properties and wetting mechanism.The research shows that coal dust surface structures,chemical and element compositions are changed in the refining process of coal dust.Compared with large particle coal dust,respirable coal dust is a weak hydrophilic and strong hydrophobic substance.The reason:the smaller the particle size of coal dust,the more unsaturated its surface.The absorption of air is strong and it is easy to form an air film on coal dust surfaces.Coal dust contact with water is actually a compound contact of liquid in contact with a solid and gas in contact with a solid.The smaller the particle size,the larger the pore volume and the higher the degree of surface roughness,the larger the area of gas in contact with a solid and the worse the coal dust wettability.Another reason is that the changes in the composition of atoms on the dust surface and structures affect coal dust wettability.The results of this study establish a theoretical basis for the invention of effective reduced-dust technology.     

Oily wastewater treatment by porous ceramics mediums with surface lipophilic modification

Aiming at the treatment of difficult-to-handle oily wastewater, the ceramics filter mediums made from the iron and steel plant sludge were adopted to surface lipophilic modification so as to remove oil efficiently. The hydrolysis technique by FTIR and conductivity test indicated that under acid conditions hydrogen silicon oil did not hydrolyze but release hydrogen by chemical reaction under alkaline conditions. The results of the experiments including contact angle measurement, FTIR analysis, and SEM analysis illustrate that a layer of lipophile coating indeed exists evenly on the surface of filter mediums after modification. Furthermore, the hydrogen-containing silicone oil was combined through dehydration of Si-H bond with the -OH on the surface of ceramic filter medium.     

Synthesis,characterization and application of a dispersant based on rosin for coal-water slurry

A rosin derivative and maleopimaric acid diethanolamide (MAD), was synthesized, characterized by FTIR and ¹H NMR, and applied as dispersant for the coal-water slurry (CWS) prepared from Chinese Shenfu coal. The CWS application performance investigation shows that the MAD dispersant has better abilities in reducing CWS viscosity and stabilizing the slurry than a commercial dispersant—sulfonated naphthalene-formaldehyde condensate (SNF). The physicochemical property investigation of the two tested dispersants shows that the adsorption amount of the MAD at coal-water interface is much larger than that of SNF, and the MAD has better wetting property than the SNF on the coal surface. It indicated that the excellent capabilities of MAD are related to the adsorption mode of standing upright on the coal surface. Based on the above, the mechanism of dispersion and stabilization of the CWS prepared from MAD dispersant is presented.     

低阶煤的热重-傅里叶变换红外光谱的研究

在煤的热解和燃烧过程中,煤的结构及煤中含氧官能团对煤的分解影响很大．应用傅里叶变换红外光谱进行了煤的结构和官能团的研究,结果表明低阶煤中富含含氧官能团,应用热重－傅里叶变换红外光谱法研究了煤热解过程中的加热特性,连续监测煤在热解过程中析出的气体,发现煤的热解行为与二氧化碳、甲烷析出造成的交联温度不同有关．随着热解温度的提高,煤中含氧官能团逐步减少直至消失．     

Electromagnetic environments in roadways of underground coal mines and a novel testing method

The electromagnetic environment of laneways in underground coal mines is an important area for the design of new electronic products,as well as a fundamental space for mine monitoring,surveillance,communications and control systems.An investigation of electromagnetic interference in coal mines is essential for the enhancement of performances of these systems.In this study,a new field method is provided in which radiated emission tests in coal mine laneways have been carried out.We conclude that:1) the wiring motor vehicles can radiate interference with a bandwidth up to 1 GHz and with an amplitude 10 dBμV/m higher than the background noise;2) the PHS (Personal Handy phone System) mobile communication system can cause interference 40 dBμV/m higher than the background noise;3) an interference 25 dBμV/m higher than the background noise can be generated during the communication at a working bandwidth of 48.8 MHz;and 4) power cables,battery vehicles as well as mechanical and electrical dong rooms have little effect on the electromagnetic radiation environment in coal mine tunnels.     

煤系煅烧高岭土表面改性研究

利用硅烷偶联剂对山西省小峪矿区煤系煅烧高岭土进行了表面改性实验．对改性后样品的活化指数和包覆率测定表明,偶联剂分子较好地包覆于颗粒表面,使其由亲水疏油变为亲油疏水．将改性后样品用于橡胶填料,能明显提高其机械物理性能．ＩＲ和ＭＡＳＮＭＲ分析表明,煅烧高岭土表面的Ａｌ－Ｏ键与偶联剂分子发生化学键合作用明显,而Ｓｉ－Ｏ键与偶联剂分子的化学键合作用则不明显．     

Influence of coal blending on mineral transformation at high temperatures

Transformation of mineral matter is important for coal utilization at high temperatures. This is especially true for blended coal. XRD and FTIR were employed together to study the transformation of mineral matter at high temperature in blended coals. It was found that the concentration of catalytic minerals, namely iron oxides, increases with an increasing ratio of Shenfu coal, which could improve coal gasification. The transformation characteristics of the minerals in blended coals are not exactly predictable from the blend ratio. This was proved by comparing the iron oxide content to the blending ratio. The results from FTIR are comparable with those from XRD. FTIR is an effective method for examining variation in mineral matter.