阀控非对称缸通用模型建立及仿真分析（英文）

根据动力机构功率匹配,对阀控非对称缸的负载流量和负载压力给出了一种定义形式,以使建立的模型对于阀控非对称缸和对称缸具有普遍适用性;针对阀控非对称缸因结构而产生的不对称性,对其数学模型进行了整理和统一,并通过仿真分析进行了验证;将本模型应用于某试验平台位置控制系统中,分析参数变化和动力源形式对系统性能的影响,为系统的优化和控制策略提供依据。     

阀控液压缸统一流量方程的分析研究

从阀控对称液压缸、非对称液压缸的统一特性出发,对负载压力与负载流量进行了重新定义,并对工程中出现的对称阀、非对称阀控制对称缸,对称阀、非对称阀控制非对称缸的各种组合形式,推导了统一的阀控液压缸系统的流量方程,不仅兼顾了液压系统实际工作规律和阀控缸系统的统一性,而且为阀控缸系统的其它特性进一步分析提供了理论基础,并得出了一些对理论分析及工程实际有一定指导意义的结论。     

再论负载流量与负载压力

针对阀控非对称机构建模和分析当中,存在多种形式定义负载流量和负载压力的问题,根据动力机构功率匹配,归纳了定义负载流量和负载压力的通用原则及表达式,并分析了物理意义.在此基础上,对采用不同形式负载流量和负载压力的阀控非对称缸机构进行了分析,并给出推荐采用的定义形式.     

基于轴控阀的阀控非对称缸位置控制系统研究

针对阀控非对称缸位置控制系统,通过理论公式搭建非对称液压缸的数学模型,采用前馈PID控制方法实现其位置控制并进行仿真和实验验证。利用传递函数推导出基于轴控阀的阀控非对称缸位置控制系统数学模型;根据所推导的数学模型采用前馈PID控制算法,利用AMESim搭建了非对称液压缸位置控制系统仿真模型;通过对阀控非对称液压缸位置控制系统进行实验,验证了搭建的轴控阀阀芯位置控制系统与非对称液压缸位置控制系统的正确性和有效性,实现了轴控阀阀芯精确位置控制与对外负载的控制。     

匹配非对称阀控制非对称缸系统特性分析

根据阀控非对称缸系统的非对称特性,修正系统负载、负载压力和负载流量的定义;探讨了匹配非对称阀控制非对称缸系统的最佳负载匹配准则,研究了匹配非对称阀控制非对称液压缸系统在最小液压刚度时的动力机构特性,为非对称阀控制非对称缸系统的进一步研究奠定了理论基础。     

阀控非对称缸被动加载系统数学模型的建立

根据非对称液压缸的特性,首先定义了负载流量、负载压力及液压缸活塞的初始位置等一些参数.通过对阀控非对称缸被动加载系统中各个部分的分析建模,得到了整个系统的数学模型,为阀控非对称缸被动加载系统的研究奠定了基础.     

零开口阀控非对称缸系统的特性分析

分析了零开口阀控非对称缸系统与对称缸系统在负载压力、负载流量以及等效容积定义上的不同,推导出理想和实际零开口阀两种情况下的数学模型,通过仿真分析了二者的系统特性.结果表明:二者固有频率相对误差为22.5%;阻尼比相对误差为54%;实际零开口阀控非对称缸系统的数学模型更能真实地反映系统的动静态特性.     

基于流量匹配的泵控挖掘机动臂能耗特性分析

为解决泵控非对称缸两腔所需流量不相等的问题,在轴向对称柱塞泵的基础上,提出一种能够平衡非对称缸流量差的变量非对称泵控缸闭式方案。通过控制变量非对称泵的斜盘角度实现对非对称缸的运动方向与两腔流量的控制,并将其应用于负载敏感液压挖掘机动臂回路中。为分析该方案的可行性,利用AMESim软件建立系统仿真模型。通过仿真分析,对比了变量非对称泵控系统与传统负载敏感阀控系统动臂运行特性和能耗特性。结果显示,采用变量非对称泵控系统动臂运行更加平稳,能耗降低36.9%。     

阀控非对称液压缸往返运动动态特性对比分析

伺服阀控制非对称液压缸往返运动时的动态速度特性有很大差别.笔者分别推导了阀控非对称液压缸正反两方向运动时的传递函数,得到了两种情况时阀控缸系统的速度增益,液压相对阻尼比、固有频率与负载刚度等之间的关系,并进行了对比分析.对阀控非对称液压缸的设计、仿真及控制具有积极的指导意义.     

数字液压缸机理分析及其控制系统研究

设计了双螺纹副结构的数字液压缸,分析了工作机理,利用AMESim搭建了数字缸模型,并分别对对称阀、非对称阀控制非对称数字缸在空载和恒定力负载工况下进行了仿真,结果表明利用非对称阀可消除换向时的压力跃变,特别是对超越伸出工况,能够避免气穴的产生,为数字缸的优化设计提供了有益尝试。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.