液压型风力发电机组低电压穿越控制方法研究

以液压型风力发电机组作为研究对象,根据机组低电压穿越控制过程对液压系统功率快速调整的要求,以发电机稳定于工频转速和液压系统瞬态调整时间最短为控制目标,提出一种基于直接控制变量马达摆角的低电压穿越控制方法。以30kV·A液压型风力发电机组模拟实验台为仿真和实验平台,针对提出的低电压穿越控制方法展开研究,仿真和实验分析表明,直接控制变量马达摆角的方法具有较好的低电压穿越控制效果。     

基于压力反馈的液压型风机低电压穿越控制方法

结合液压型风力发电机组低电压穿越的控制要求,以实现低电压穿越过程中的功率快速调整为控制目标,提出了一种基于压力控制的低电压穿越控制方法,即在原有低电压穿越控制环的基础上加入压力控制环。通过AMESim和MATLAB/Simulink软件搭建仿真平台进行联合仿真,并依托30kV·A液压型风力发电机组半物理仿真实验平台进行实验验证。结果表明,所提出的控制方法既可实现功率的快速调整,也能有效地抑制并网转速的瞬态冲击。     

液压型风力发电机组低电压运行特性分析

以液压型风力发电机组为研究对象,分析机组在低电压工况下的运行特性。结合低电压穿越要求,完善并分析液压型风力发电机组工作原理。建立电压跌落时风力机、定量泵-变量马达液压调速系统以及发电机的暂态数学模型。以数学模型为基础搭建MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台,并在不同跌落深度下分别对三相电压等幅跌落、两相对地短路故障和单相对地短路故障进行低电压运行特性仿真分析。研究结果揭示了不同故障下机组低电压运行的特性规律,其中电流过载与电磁转矩产生脉振是机组低电压运行的重要表征现象。研究工作将为该机型低电压穿越控制提供一定的理论基础和技术手段。     

汽车传动系统扭矩突变工况的瞬态冲击分析

通过对汽车传动系统传动机理的分析,建立了12自由度多间隙非线性动力传动系统扭振模型,研究了各工况下的瞬态冲击响应特性。以主减速器齿轮角加速度作为瞬态冲击的评价指标,对比分析了离合器快速分离工况与急松驱动踏板工况的传动系统瞬态冲击响应特性。结果表明:发动机与传动系统的动力解耦会导致传动系统产生"震荡"现象。采用控制变量法研究了急松驱动踏板工况下扭转减振器扭转特性与传动系瞬态冲击强弱的对应关系,结果表明:离合器一级扭转刚度比二级扭转刚度对瞬态冲击强度的影响更大,通过调整一级扭转刚度降低传动系统瞬态冲击效果更加明显。     

基于AMESim管道参数对液压系统动态特性的影响分析

管道参数诸如直径、长度、材料等,对液压系统动态特性的影响常被设计者忽略,文中基于AMESim,针对连接器对接液压缸组的液压系统进行仿真分析,研究了管道长度、直径、材料对系统动态特性的影响,对系统的优化设计具有一定参考价值。     

插齿机主运动液压系统的仿真分析

以YS51200CNC插齿机主运动液压系统为研究对象,根据经典控制理论建立其控制阀数学模型,基于AMESim及Simulink软件建立液压系统联合仿真模型,并进行联合仿真分析。根据仿真结果,分析控制阀与液压缸间管道长度对液压系统响应特性的影响。利用PID调节器对伺服比例阀阀芯位置信号进行调节,有效地降低了系统的稳态误差,提高了系统的响应速度。     

液压型风力发电机组低电压穿越分层控制研究

为提高液压型风力发电机组的电网适应性和低电压穿越能力,针对机组低电压穿越过程中的能量调控问题,提出一种基于分层控制思想的低电压穿越控制方法,即设计出基于风力机调桨控制的顶层控制、基于变量马达摆角控制的中层控制和基于节流阀开度控制的底层控制。为实现机组在控制过程中多变量的协调控制,以风力机弃风最小、惯性储能最大和节流阀能耗最小为优化目标,采用二次规划算法对多目标控制律进行规划,得到了最优控制律。通过AMESim和MATLAB/Simulink软件对多目标控制策略进行仿真分析,利用液压型风力发电机组半物理试验平台对控制律进行了验证。结果表明,所提出的控制方法可以有效降低机组在低电压穿越过程中的剩余能量,降低对发电机的冲击,提高机组的适应性。     

液压机械传动多领域虚拟样机集成与协同仿真

利用Pro／E、ADAMS、EASY5三种软件建立了液机械无级传动系统各子系统模型,完成了ADAMS／EASY5接口变量设计,将各子模型集成为ADAMS／EASY5协同仿真虚拟样机动力学模型。对液压机械无级传动系统纯液压段进行了协同仿真分析,得到了动力传动系统的动态特性曲线。本文的研究结论将为涉及多学科的液压机械无级传动系统的设计过程提供强大的支持,为其应用提供重要的理论依据。     

基于AMESim的特高压断路器管道系统压力波动

针对特高压断路器管道系统中产生的液压冲击波对操动系统运行的影响,以蓄能器及其管道系统作为研究对象,在分析其压力波动产生机理的基础上,确立了管道子模型的选取原则,应用AMESim软件建立了液压系统的综合仿真模型,对模型进行求解后得到了液压管道的压力波动特性,同时分析了管道长度和内径对压力波动幅度的影响。研究结果表明：现有管道系统的压力波动幅度较大,不利于系统的稳定运行;对管道长度和内径组合进行优化设计后,压力波动的降幅在50%以上。所采用的研究方法对特高压断路器管道系统的优化设计具有参考价值。     

装载机行走静液压传动系统特性仿真与试验研究

静液压传动装置已被逐渐用于装载机的行走系统中,是由液压泵和液压马达组成的闭式液压传动系统。该文分析了装载机静液压传动系统的组成及工作原理,针对某4吨装载机研究了一种单泵-双马达行走静液传动系统。在AMESim环境下建立仿真模型,分析了静液压传动系统的特性。此外,还提出了一种针对单泵-双马达静液传动系统的变量调节规律,并将该规律在已经构建模型的基础上进行了仿真模拟。进行了某4吨装载机牵引特性试验,将仿真结果与整机试验进行对比,从而验证了静液传动系统仿真和变量调节规律的正确性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.