六钛酸钾晶须制备新工艺

用喷雾干燥-烧结法一次煅烧直接合成了长径比大于10,形貌优良的六钛酸钾晶须,研究了钛钾比、煅烧温度以及保温时间对晶须生长的影响.得出制备六钛酸钾晶须的最佳条件:TiO2与K2CO3的摩尔比为5.5,煅烧温度为1150℃,保温时间为10 h.     

以偏钛酸（硫酸钛,硫酸氧钛）为原料制备纳米二氧化钛

1前言纳米TiO2又称超微细TiO2或透明超微TiO2，是80年代后期TiO2领域的一个新产品，其粒径小于100nm，仅为普通TiO2的1／10左右．由于颗粒尺寸的细微化，导致纳米TiO2具有表面效应、体积效应和久保效应，使其在很多方面表现出独特的性能，成为一种高功能化的新型精细无机材料和     

六钛酸钾纳米线的结构分析

采用X射线粉末衍射Rietveld精修方法和高分辨电子显微方法分析了六钛酸钾纳米线的品体结构。X射线精修结果表明纳米线的晶体结构与六钛酸钾晶须结构相同。高分辨电子显微像模拟计算所得的像与高分辨像匹配良好，且与X射线结构精修所得结构模型相符。纳米线的生长方向平行于K2Ti6O13结构的[010]方向。     

沉淀法制备纯立方相偏钛酸锌纳米粉及表征

以工业偏钛酸和ZnSO4为原料,Na2CO3做沉淀剂,由液相沉淀反应制备立方相纳米偏钛酸锌粉体,采用DSC、XRD、TEM、FTIR等一系列分析测试手段进行表征.结果表明,600℃下煅烧3 h可制得纯立方相纳米ZnTiO3粉体,粒径约为60～130 nm,在更高温度下立方相ZnTiO3将向六方相ZnTiO3转变,并进一步分解为Zn2TiO4和金红石TiO2.     

有效利用洗涤滤液中偏钛酸的研究

针对颜料级钛白生产过程中， 偏钛酸洗涤滤液中偏钛酸的有效利用办法进行了实验探索，为进一步进行工业试验提供技术参数。     

钛酸钾纳米线先驱水热合成六脚状钛酸钡纳米晶（英文）

首次以钛酸钾纳米线为先驱体水热合成了六脚状钛酸钡纳米晶,高分辨透射电镜分析表明六脚状钛酸钡纳米晶为单晶结构,沿[100]方向生长,探讨了钛酸钾纳米线先驱体对于六脚状钛酸钡纳米晶形成的重要作用。     

缩短偏钛酸洗涤时间的工艺研究

应用过滤理论探讨了钛白粉生产过程中偏钛酸的洗涤规律，分析了影响因素，提出了缩短偏钛酸洗涤时间的一些途径和方法。     

两种偏钛酸漂白工艺的对比

通过对偏钛酸铝粉漂白工艺和三价钛漂白工艺在原理、漂白后效果及经济成本方面的对比分析，阐明了三价钛漂白工艺优于铝粉漂白工艺。     

Synthesis of potassium hexatitanate whiskers using hydrothermal method

High quality potassium hexatitanate whiskers were hydrothermally synthesized in one step under moderate temperature and pressure condi-tions. Effects of the titanium source and reaction conditions on the hydrothermal reaction rate, product phase component, and morphology of whiskers were investigated. The results show that the reactivity of hydrated titania, anatase TiO2, and rutile TiO2 with KOH decreases in turn, and with hydrated titania as titanium source, it is difficult to obtain potassium hexatitanate whiskers with good morphology. In contrast, uni-form potassium hexatitanate whiskers with a length of 10-20 μm and a diameter of 200-700 nm were obtained using anatase TiO2 as titanium source. The investigation demonstrates that the initial KOH concentration, annealing temperature and time, molar ratio of K2O/TiO2, etc. sig-nificantly affect the morphology of the as-synthesized whiskers. The optimized synthesis condition is as follows: anatase as a titanium source; 10 wt.% KOH solution; annealing temperature and time of 300℃ and 5 h, respectively; K2O/TiO2 molar ratio orS, etc. A rhombic potassium hexatitanate was prepared under the optimum condition and the whisker grew along the [110] direction. The reaction mechanism was dis-cussed.     

钛酸铁钠晶须/FEVE复合涂层的制备及其耐磨防腐性能

目的为提升氟碳涂层的耐磨和防腐性能。方法采用KH550对钛酸铁钠晶须进行改性,并将改性晶须分散于氟碳树脂(FEVE)中,制备钛酸铁钠晶须/FEVE复合涂层。采用红外光谱、接触角、光学显微镜、金相显微镜和扫描电镜等表征方法,分析了改性前后钛酸铁钠晶须的变化及其在树脂中的分散性。采用电化学交流阻抗研究了涂层在模拟海水中的电化学腐蚀行为。采用摩擦磨损试验机研究了涂层的摩擦学性能。结果钛酸铁钠晶须经改性后,接触角由14.5°增大为111°,呈现出优异的疏水性,能够均匀分散于FEVE中。交流阻抗测试结果表明,复合涂层的防护性能随晶须含量的增加呈现先提升后降低的趋势,当晶须质量分数为10%时,复合涂层的电化学阻抗高达1011?·cm2,优于纯氟碳涂层,呈现出优异的耐腐蚀性能。晶须含量过高时,因晶须交联形成网络结构而降低了涂层的防腐性能。钛酸铁钠晶须的添加同时大幅提升了FEVE涂层的耐磨性能,晶须质量分数为5%的复合涂层表现出最优的摩擦学性能,体积磨损量低至0.0164mm3,较纯FEVE涂层提升11.2倍。结论钛酸铁钠晶须/FEVE复合涂层具备优异的耐磨防腐性能,能有效降低实际工况中的涂层损伤,延长涂层的使用寿命。     

钛酸钾晶须/聚丙烯导热抗静电复合材料的制备与性能

采用热压成型工艺制备了导电钛酸钾晶须(PTWs)/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料,研究了晶须用量对复合材料导热性能、抗静电性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着PTWs用量的增加,PTWs/PP复合材料的热导率提高、体积电阻率和摩擦静电荷下降;材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度均随PTWs用量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势;而熔体流动速率则呈增大趋势。当PTWs体积分数达到0.38%时,材料的热导率达到最大值0.5105 W.m-1.K-1,电阻率降低到109Ω.cm以下,满足一般抗静电材料的要求。     

急冷烧结法制备六钛酸钾晶须的工艺研究

以分析纯K2CO3和工业纯TiO2为原料,采用急冷烧结法制备了六钛酸钾晶须,利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪等手段,研究了二次保温时间和钛源化合物类型等对其形貌及物相的影响.结果表明:以金红石型二氧化钛为钛源,TiO2/K2CO3的摩尔比为5.5∶1时,1200℃保温3h,然后在高于1114℃二次保温2h,再经急冷后进行解离、抽滤和烘干,即可得到分散性好、物相纯度较高的六钛酸钾晶须.     

利用菱镁矿尾矿制备氧化镁晶须及其应用

以菱镁矿尾矿为原料,通过原料煅烧、水化碳酸化、热解工艺制得碳酸镁晶须作为前驱体,再通过二次煅烧制备氧化镁晶须,并考察添加氧化镁晶须对氧化镁耐火材料烧结和抗热震性能的影响。结果表明：在重镁水热解过程中,添加剂种类对热解产物碳酸镁的形貌具有重要影响,当添加一种可溶性镁盐时,可获得长度10？60μm、长径比10？20的碳酸镁晶须;当升温速率为1°C/min时,前驱体可完整地转变为长度为10？40μm的氧化镁晶须;将氧化镁晶须添加至氧化镁耐火材料中,由于氧化镁晶须的钉扎作用而防止材料裂纹扩展,显著地提高了耐火材料的抗热震性,氧化镁晶须的适宜添加量为3%。     

Preparation and characterization of mullite whiskers from silica fume by using a low temperature molten salt method

Mullite whiskers were prepared from silica fume in molten Al₂(SO₄)₃-Na₂SO₄ mixture salts at low temperatures. The resulting mullite whiskers, as well as the nucleation and growth mechanism in the molten environment, have been investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA) techniques. XRD studies showed that the materials obtained were orthorhombic mullite. SEM, TEM and HRTEM results revealed that the mullite whiskers were single crystal fibers with diameters ranging from 30 to 150 nm and lengths of over several microns. According to thermodynamic analysis, mullite phase might be spontaneously formed in molten salts as the temperature reached the decomposition temperature of aluminum sulfate (1023 K). Moreover, the mullite crystals grew along [1 1 1] crystal plane firstly and developed into fibrous microstructure finally.     

通过水溶液还原法用抗坏血酸制备纳米铜颗粒(英文)

通过水溶液还原法用抗坏血酸还原Cu2+制备纳米铜颗粒,并研究溶液pH和Cu2O平均粒径对纳米铜颗粒制备的影响。在溶液pH值为3、5和7时,可制得铜颗粒,并且在pH=7时制得的铜颗粒粒径最小。在溶液pH为9和11时无法制得铜颗粒。Cu2O的平均粒径能影响铜粉的粒径。Cu2O的平均粒径越大,得到的铜颗粒越大。通过对反应过程中不同时间点收集的样品进行XRD分析,可探索出反应的进程。在反应过程中,Cu(OH)2首先作为前驱体出现,然后被还原为Cu2O,最后被还原为铜颗粒。     

Preparation of Ti-rich material from titanium slag by activation roasting followed by acid leaching

A method of activation roasting followed by acid leaching using titanium slag was introduced to prepare Ti-rich material. The effects of H₃PO₄ dosage, roasting temperature, and roasting time on TiO₂ grade were investigated. A Ti-rich material containing 88.54% TiO₂, 0.42% (CaO+MgO) was obtained when finely ground titanium slag was roasted with 7.5% H₃PO₄ at 1000 °C for 2 h, followed by a two-stage leaching in boiling dilute sulfuric acid for 2 h. The XRD patterns show that the product is titanium dioxide with a rutile structure. Mechanism studies show that structures of anosovite solid solution and silicate minerals are destroyed in the roasting process. As a result, titanium components in titanium slag are transformed into TiO₂ (rutile) while impurities are transformed into acid-soluble phosphate and quartz.     

以含铜硒的粗碲为原料采用化学法制备高纯碲(英文)

以含铜、硒的粗碲为原料,采用硝酸氧化、盐酸浸出、二氧化硫还原、氢气气氛高温处理的化学方法制备高纯碲。在浓硝酸(69%)用量为化学计量的0.96倍、液固比为4:1、反应温度为20°C、反应时间为30min的条件下,用硝酸氧化粗碲,粗碲中铜的去除率达到99%。粗碲氧化后用盐酸浸出,在浓盐酸用量为化学计量的1.67倍、液固比为4:1、反应温度为20°C、反应时间为30min的条件下,碲的浸出率为99%。浸出液中Te(IV)经二氧化硫还原,碲粉纯度达到99.95%。碲粉在反应温度为730K的氢气中处理30min,其纯度由99.95%上升到99.9995%。