含钴镍工业废水的萃取处理研究

重点研究了酸度、盐析测、萃取级数及反萃条伯等对钴镍分离效率的影响。试验结果表明，用２０％的Ｎ２３５－煤油溶液萃取相，经五级逆流萃取，并用稀盐酸水率三级逆流反萃，可以有效地回收利用废水的钴和镍，回收率均可达９８％以上，并能实现工业用水的封闭循环，减少废水废渣的排放，控制污染，保护环境。     

含钴镍工业废水的萃取处理研究

重点研究了酸度、盐析剂、萃取级数及反萃条件等对钴镍分离效率的影响。试验结果表明，用２０％的Ｎ２３５－煤油溶液作萃取相，经五级逆流萃取，并用稀盐酸水溶液经三级逆流反萃，可以有效地回收利用废水中的钴和镍，回收率均可达９８％以上，并能实现工业用水的封闭循环，减少废水废渣的排放，控制污染，保护环境     

P507分离钴镍的研究进展

钴、镍是非常重要的战略金属资源,目前工业上主要采用溶剂萃取法进行分离回收。P507因具有分离系数高、毒性低、化学稳定性好等优点而成为分离钴、镍的主要萃取剂之一。本文首先综述了有机相中P507的体积分数、皂化度、水相的pH值、萃取反应时间等关键因素对钴、镍分离效果的影响;其次,对协萃体系如P507-P204、P507-Cyanex272及P507-P204等进行了深入总结;最后,对P507萃取分离钴、镍的相关研究方向进行了总结和展望。     

离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水中锂分离的研究进展

近年来,锂电行业的迅猛发展,使锂资源,特别是卤水锂资源的开发利用受到了广泛关注。离子液体作为一种新型的绿色介质为优化升级传统溶剂萃取法卤水提锂带来了新机遇。本文首先简要回顾了离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水提锂的发展历程,重点阐述了离子液体萃取分离锂的行为与性能,详细讨论了萃取机理,并简单介绍了其他基于离子液体的锂分离技术。在此基础上进一步分析了离子液体基萃取体系存在的问题, 提出深入开展离子液体基萃取体系用于盐湖锂分离的机理研究并开发新型离子液体萃取剂及萃取体系,建立和优化新型萃取工艺是未来的主要发展方向。本文期望为盐湖锂资源的绿色、高效开发提供借鉴与参考。     

P507与Cyanex272协同萃取分离溶液中钴镍离子

采用P507与Cyanex272协同萃取分离回收浸出液中的Ni2+, Co2+,考察了初始pH值、有机相复配比(P/C)和水油相比(A/O)的影响. 结果表明,协萃优化条件为：有机相皂化率50%,皂化时间30 min;有机相组成为10%复配萃取剂[P507:Cyanex272为3:2(j)]+85%磺化煤油+5% TBP;相比为3:1,水相pH值为2.5. 在此条件下,Co2+的一级萃取率为92.96%. 利用200 g/L硫酸反萃负载有机相,在相比2:3、振荡强度225 r/min、时间4 min的条件下,Co2+的反萃率为98.68%,实现了低pH值下Ni2+和Co2+的萃取分离.     

无机盐生产中的锶钡分离

锶钡分离对于生产高纯锶、钡盐及利用高锶 钡矿或高钡锶矿具有重要意义。介绍、评论了沉淀、离子交换、溶剂萃取等方法的研究和在无机盐工业中应用的情况。     

离子交换法除硫酸锰溶液中钴镍的中试研究

通过离子交换工艺,去除电解锰工业硫酸锰溶液中的钴镍离子并进行富集。采用6%～10%稀硫酸作为解吸剂,30～50 g/L氨水作为离子交换树脂转型剂,可以将硫酸锰溶液中钴镍离子含量降低到3 mg/L以下,解吸液中钴镍离子含量分别富集了24. 5倍、25. 1倍。离子交换树脂在吸附钴镍离子的同时,对锌铜离子也具有良好的吸附效果,锌铜离子的含量能降低到3 mg/L、1 mg/L以下,有利于硫酸锰溶液的同步净化。     

溶剂萃取精馏分离烷烃与烯烃研究进展

PROGRESSOFSEPARATIONOFALKANESANDALKENESBYSOLVENTEXTRACTIVEDISTILLATIONWangWenhua1前言沸点相近的烷烃与烯烃用普通精馏较难分离,多采用溶剂苹取精馏。近年来由于烯烃用途的不断开发成功,促使溶剂苹取精馏技术发展非常迅速,本文对近年来萃取精馆技术的研究和进展加以论述。2溶剂的选择溶剂车取精馆是在精馏塔中加入能提高待分离组分相对挥发度的一种或几种溶剂,使沸点相近的组分得以分离。溶剂革取精馏所选用的溶剂是分离效果好坏的关键因素,烯烃苹取精馏所用溶剂应用与烃类不相互反应、不形成共沸…     

从乏燃料中分离锕系元素的研究进展

总结了目前从乏燃料中提取放射性锕系元素的方法。锕系元素的分离减少了乏燃料相关的危害,例如其放射性毒性、体积和其放射性恢复到自然发生水平所需的时间量,并简要讨论了从环境水体系中分离锕系元素的问题。通常在乏燃料中发现的锕系元素包括铀、钚和次锕系元素(Am、Np和Cm),其中铀和钚的分离方法已经相当成熟,然而乏燃料中存在的次锕系元素与镧系裂变产物的分离还处于不成熟的阶段,需要进一步的研究探索。最后介绍选择性去除锕系元素的一些固体吸附材料。     

金属钴,镍的分离与分析

探讨了金属离子混合液中Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）,Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）的化学分离条件,并采用萃取光度法分别测定Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）、Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）的含量,对所选方法最佳显色条件和干扰离子试验进行研究。在最优化条件下,对飞机残片样品中Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）含量进行测定。     

Selective separation of cobalt and nickel by supported liquid membranes

The selective separation of cobalt from acidic media, containing both equimolar and nonequimolar mixtures of cobalt and nickel, was examined by supported liquid membranes using Alamine 336 as mobile carrier dissolved in various diluents. The membrane support was microporous hydrophobic polypropylene Celgard 2500 (25 μm thick, 0.209 × 0.054 μm pore size and 55% porosity). Acetic acid-Na acetate buffer was used for the adjustment of the feed pH which was critical. Various parameters were experimentally studied and the optimum conditions were determined.     

Transport and separation of cobalt,nickel and copper ions with alamine liquid membranes

The transfer and separation of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions across a flat-sheet supported liquid membrane containing Alamine 336 as the mobile carrier dissolved in kerosene solvent has been investigated. Both the Alamine composition in the organic solution and the hydrochloric acid concentration in the feed solution have a marked effect on Co(II) and Cu(II) transport. A maximum flow of these ions at 50% of Alamine in the diluent was obtained. Ni(II) ion was not transported in the whole range of experimental conditions studied and good separation from Co(II) and Cu(II) could thus be performed. With decreasing hydrochloric acid concentration in the feed solution the separation factor of Cu(II) from Co(II) increases thus decreasing the Cu(II) recuperation factor.     

Precipitate flotation I. Removal of nickel from dilute aqueous solutions and its separation from cobalt

A new technique, called precipitate flotation of the second kind, in which no surfactant is used to float precipitates, is described. Nickel is completely removed from 1.5 × 10^?5 m-NiCl₂ solutions in 3 minutes using a tenfold excess of nioxime. Flotation improves with increasing temperature between 21° and 40° if the pH is in the range 8–11. Increase in ionic strength has no deleterious effect, unlike conventional precipitate flotation. Nickel can be completely separated from a hundredfold excess of cobalt by complexing the latter with nitroso-R-salt before flotation. Iron does not float on its own but recoveries of 50% can be achieved by entrainment of ferric hydroxide in nickel nioximate.     

A review of cobalt monoxide and its composites for supercapacitors

Cobalt monoxide is a low–valence compound with a face–centered cubic structure and has been deemed as a promising electrode material for energy storage, such as batteries and supercapacitors (SC). In this work, the recent progress of CoO and its composites for SC application is briefly reviewed. The preparation methods for CoO are summarized at first. With the development of nanotechnologies, various CoO nanostructures are thus synthesized for SC, but most architectures grown on conductive substrates show higher specific capacitance than the corresponding power materials. If integrated with some typical guest materials, such as transition metal oxides, hydroxides, sulfides, and carbon materials (including carbon nanotubes, graphene and porous carbon) as well as conductive polymers, the CoO composites usually deliver promoted electrochemical performances. Thus, much attention is focused on the composites of CoO. An outlook for future work is finally put forward.     

镍电解阳极液中镍钴的同时测定

以EDTA为滴定剂,紫脲酸铵为指示剂,NH4F、酒石酸钾钠、Na2S2O3为掩蔽剂,在氨性介质中测定镍的浓度;在pH值为8.0的氨-氯化铵缓冲液中,采用滴定比色法测得钴的浓度。测得的数据与AAS法和模拟试样进行比较,结果理想。     

Selective separation of cobalt and nickel by flat sheet supported liquid membrane using Alamine 300 as carrier

Cobalt and nickel are among the most important nonferrous metals. The using of flat sheet supported liquid membranes (FSSLMs) to remove metals from wastewaters has been used actively by the scientific and industrial communities. In this study, the selective separation of cobalt from thiocyanate solutions containing cobalt and nickel by FSSLM was examined using tri-n-octylamine (Alamine 300) as carrier. The FSSLM was consisted of extractant, flat sheet support and organic solvent. The various parameters were studied to determine the optimum extraction and striping conditions of cobalt and nickel. These parameters were stirring speeds of phases, NH₄SCN concentration, pH, diluent type, extractant concentration, stripping reagent concentration and modifier concentration. Concentration of cobalt and nickel were determined by Shimadzu AA-6701GF spectrophotometer. In the optimum conditions, selective separation of cobalt was achieved with an efficiency of 98.4% within 8 h, for equimolar feed mixtures, 400 mg/L Co + 400 mg/L Ni, and the separation factor of Co(II) over Ni(II) was 234.4. In addition, for nonequimolar feed mixtures, 500 mg/L Co + 1000 mg/L Ni, Ni in excess, selective separation of cobalt was 99.9%, and the separation factor of Co was 506 in the same time.     

镍、钴、钯镀层的防铜渗性能比较

以镍、钴、钯镀层作为铜基体镀金的防渗铜中间层可以有效地防止铜原子扩散到金属表面。采用ＳＥＭ、ＥＤＡＸ、ＸＲＤ等方法研究铜在中金属内的扩散机理和扩散系数,探讨了扩散过程与这３种金属晶体结构、晶粒大小以及Ｘ－射线衍射特性的关系。     

钴溶液中除铁工艺的研究

通过对废硬质合金处理后的溶液的除铁工艺研究,提出采用黄钠铁矾法代替原有的中和水解法除铁工艺.实验结果表明,采用黄钠铁矾法除铁能降低钻的损失,pH值等于2.5～3.0,温度大于95℃,反应时间为2h的处理条件下,除铁效果最佳.     

A review on cobalt phosphate-based materials as emerging catalysts for water splitting

Electrolytic water splitting is the most effective approach for the production of oxygen and hydrogen as it uses water as a feedstock which is non-toxic, green, and inexpensive. Hydrogen generation by electrolysis of water is an important process for the production of renewable energy resources. The high cost, less abundance, poor stability, and carbon monoxide poisoning of currently used noble metals as electrocatalyst is the bottleneck of this technology. These limitations can be conquered by using transition metal phosphates. In particular, cobalt phosphate-based materials show favorable performance and stability for electrolytic water splitting. Furthermore, cobalt phosphates in combination with semiconductors act as a co-catalyst in solar water oxidation. The variable oxidation state of cobalt is beneficial for fast electron transfer. The phosphate group due to its unique lattice structure helps in the adsorption and dissociation of water on the surface of the electrode. This review will provide a brief outline of the structure and activity relation between cobalt phosphate-based materials. The electrocatalytic applications of these materials in water oxidation, hydrogen generation, and overall water splitting have also been discussed. The role of cobalt phosphate-based materials in water splitting using solar radiation is thoroughly explained. In the end, a diverse range of synthesis methods, challenges, and future prospects have been presented.