改进的自适应免疫算法及其在对二甲苯氧化燃烧副反应优化中的应用(英文)

In recent years, immune genetic algorithm (IGA) is gaining popularity for finding the optimal solution for non-linear optimization problems in many engineering applications. However, IGA with deterministic mutation factor suffers from the problem of premature convergence. In this study, a modified self-adaptive immune genetic algorithm (MSIGA) with two memory bases, in which immune concepts are applied to determine the mutation parameters, is proposed to improve the searching ability of the algorithm and maintain population diversity. Performance comparisons with other well-known population-based iterative algorithms show that the proposed method converges quickly to the global optimum and overcomes premature problem. This algorithm is applied to optimize a feed forward neural network to measure the content of products in the combustion side reaction of p-xylene oxidation, and satisfactory results are obtained.     

基于学习速率自适应的脉冲神经网络快速学习方(英文)

For accelerating the supervised learning by the SpikeProp algorithm with the temporal coding paradigm in spiking neural networks (SNNs), three learning rate adaptation methods (heuristic rule, delta-delta rule, and delta-bar-delta rule), which are used to speed up training in artificial neural networks, are used to develop the training algorithms for feedforward SNN. The performance of these algorithms is investigated by four experiments: classical XOR (exclusive or) problem, Iris dataset, fault diagnosis in the Tennessee Eastman process, and Poisson trains of discrete spikes. The results demonstrate that all the three learning rate adaptation methods are able to speed up convergence of SNN compared with the original SpikeProp algorithm. Furthermore, if the adaptive learning rate is used in combination with the momentum term, the two modifications will balance each other in a beneficial way to accomplish rapid and steady convergence. In the three learning rate adaptation methods, delta-bar-delta rule performs the best. The delta-bar-delta method with momentum has the fastest convergence rate, the greatest stability of training process, and the maximum accuracy of network learning. The proposed algorithms in this paper are simple and efficient, and consequently valuable for practical applications of SNN.     

一种改进的混合遗传算法及在化工过程动态优化中的应用(英文)

The solutions of dynamic optimization problems are usually very difficult due to their highly nonlinear and multidimensional nature. Genetic algorithm (GA) has been proved to be a feasible method when the gradient is difficult to calculate. Its advantage is that the control profiles at all time stages are optimized simultaneously, but its convergence is very slow in the later period of evolution and it is easily trapped in the local optimum. In this study, a hybrid improved genetic algorithm (HIGA) for solving dynamic optimization problems is proposed to overcome these defects. Simplex method (SM) is used to perform the local search in the neighborhood of the optimal solution. By using SM, the ideal searching direction of global optimal solution could be found as soon as possible and the convergence speed of the algorithm is improved. The hybrid algorithm presents some improvements, such as protecting the best individual, accepting immigrations, as well as employing adaptive crossover and Gaussian mutation operators. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by solving several dynamic optimization problems. At last, HIGA is applied to the optimal production of secreted protein in a fed batch reactor and the optimal feed-rate found by HIGA is effective and relatively stable.     

基于半闭环框架的软测量设计(英文)

Soft-sensing is widely used in industrial applications. The traditional soft-sensing structure is open-loop without correction mechanism. If the working condition is changed or there is unknown disturbance, the forecast result of soft-sensing model may be incorrect. In order to obtain accurate values, it is necessary to carry out online correction. In this paper, a semiclosed-loop framework (SLF) is proposed to establish a soft-sensing approach, which estimates the input variables in the next moment by a prediction model and calibrates the output variables by a compensation model. The experimental results show that the proposed method has better prediction accuracy and robustness than other open-loop models.     

柔性换热网络综合与清洗计划同步优化(英文)

A novel methodology is presented for simultaneously optimizing synthesis and cleaning schedule of flexible heat exchanger network (HEN) by genetic/simulated annealing algorithms (GA/SA). Through taking into account the effect of fouling process on optimal network topology, a preliminary network structure possessing twofold oversynthesis is obtained by means of pseudo-temperature enthalpy (T-H) diagram approach prior to simultaneous optimization. Thus, the computational complexity of this problem classified as NP (Non-deterministic Polynomial)-complete can be significantly reduced. The promising matches resulting from preliminary synthesis stage are further optimized in parallel with their heat exchange areas and cleaning schedule. In addition, a novel continuous time representation is introduced to subdivide the given time horizon into several variable-size intervals according to operating periods of heat exchangers, and then flexible HEN synthesis can be implemented in dynamic manner. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate that the presented strategy is feasible to decrease the total annual cost (TAC) and further improve network flexibility, but even more important, it may be applied to solve large-scale flexible HEN synthesis problems.     

基于自联想递阶神经网络的多输入参数化工过程软传感器(英文)

To explore the problems of monitoring chemical processes with large numbers of input parameters, a method based on Auto-associative Hierarchical Neural Network (AHNN) is proposed. AHNN focuses on dealing with datasets in high-dimension. AHNNs consist of two parts:groups of subnets based on well trained Auto-associative Neural Networks (AANNs) and a main net. The subnets play an important role on the performance of AHNN. A simple but effective method of designing the subnets is developed in this paper. In this method, the subnets are designed according to the classification of the data attributes. For getting the classification, an effective method called Extension Data Attributes Classification (EDAC) is adopted. Soft sensor using AHNN based on EDAC (EDAC-AHNN) is introduced. As a case study, the production data of Purified Terephthalic Acid (PTA) solvent system are selected to examine the proposed model. The results of the EDAC-AHNN model are compared with the experimental data extracted from the literature, which shows the efficiency of the proposed model.     

基于多智体免疫网络算法的精馏装置板效率估计(英文)

Based on the immune mechanics and multi-agent technology, a multi-agent artificial immune network (Maopt-aiNet) algorithm is introduced. Maopt-aiNet makes use of the agent ability of sensing and acting to overcome premature problem, and combines the global and local search in the searching process. The performance of the proposed method is examined with 6 benchmark problems and compared with other well-known intelligent algorithms. The experiments show that Maopt-aiNet outperforms the other algorithms in these benchmark functions. Furthermore, Maopt-aiNet is applied to determine the Murphree efficiency of distillation column and satisfactory results are obtained.     

基于差分进化算法的控制变量参数化方法及其在化工过程动态优化中的应用(英文)

Two general approaches are adopted in solving dynamic optimization problems in chemical processes, namely, the analytical and numerical methods. The numerical method, which is based on heuristic algorithms, has been widely used. An approach that combines differential evolution (DE) algorithm and control vector parameterization (CVP) is proposed in this paper. In the proposed CVP, control variables are approximated with polynomials based on state variables and time in the entire time interval. Region reduction strategy is used in DE to reduce the width of the search region, which improves the computing efficiency. The results of the case studies demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed methods.     

应用群能量恒定粒子群优化算法的批次流加发酵过程批次间优化(英文)

An iterative optimization strategy for fed-batch fermentation process is presented by combining a run-to-run optimization with swarm energy conservation particle swarm optimization (SEC-PSO). SEC-PSO, which is designed with the concept of energy conservation, can solve the problem of premature convergence frequently appeared in standard PSO algorithm by partitioning its population into several sub-swarms according to the energy of the swarm and is used in the optimization strategy for parameter iden-tification and operation condition optimization. The run-to-run optimization exploits the repetitive nature of fed-batch processes in order to deal with the optimal problems of fed-batch fermentation process with inaccurate process model and unsteady process state. The kinetic model parameters, used in the operation condition optimization of the next run, are adjusted by calculating time-series data obtained from real fed-batch process in the run-to-run optimization. The simulation results show that the strategy can adjust its kinetic model dynamically and overcome the instability of fed-batch process effectively. Run-to-run strategy with SEC-PSO provides an effective method for optimization of fed-batch fermentation process.     

一种针对原油调合过程的新型调度方法(英文)

For those refineries which have to deal with different types of crude oil, blending is an attractive solution to obtain a quality feedstock. In this paper, a novel scheduling strategy is proposed for a practical crude oil blending process. The objective is to keep the property of feedstock, mainly described by the true boiling point (TBP) data, consistent and suitable. Firstly, the mathematical model is established. Then, a heuristically initialized hybrid iterative (HIHI) algorithm based on a two-level optimization structure, in which tabu search (TS) and differential evolution (DE) are used for upper-level and lower-level optimization, respectively, is proposed to get the model solution. Finally, the effectiveness and efficiency of the scheduling strategy is validated via real data from a certain refinery.     

利用人工神经网络和遗传算法对热偶精馏过程进行模拟优化

In this paper, a new approach using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm for the optimization of the thermally coupled distillation is presented. Mathematical model can be constructed with artificial neural network based on the simulation results with ASPEN PLUS. Modified genetic algorithm was used to optimize the model. With the proposed model and optimization arithmetic, mathematical model can be calculated, decision variables and target value can be reached automatically and quickly. A practical example is used to demonstrate the algorithm.     

一种改进的混合遗传算法人工神经网络及其应用

采用自适应交叉变异、最优保存、局部寻优的遗传算法,避免了BP神经网络在训练过程中收敛于局部极小点的缺陷,并将其对神经网络的权值和阈值进行优化,从而提出了一种改进的混合遗传算法神经网络模型。该算法首先对一给定的神经网络结构,采用自适应交叉变异和最优保存策略对神经网络进行优化;然后采用局部寻优策略进一步克服神经网络学习算法的早熟问题。采用上述三种优化策略的神经网络模型对三元混合物溶液的物性和烟叶质量进行预测。试算结果表明,与实验值相比,预测结果良好。     

分离系统与换热网络同步优化方法的改进：神经元网络—遗传算法

采用神经元网络法和遗传算法，在过程系统用能一致性的基础上对分离系统与换热网络同步优化问题提出了改进的优化模型及优化策略。该方法不仅能够自动、迅速地同步得到分离序列与换热网络联合系统的流程结构与操作参数，而且具有获得全局最优解的能力。最后通过实例说明本方法的有效性。     

Optimization of an Artificial Neural Network Topology for Predicting Drying Kinetics of Carrot Cubes Using Combined Response Surface and Genetic Algorithm

In this study, the advantages of integrated response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA) for optimizing artificial neural network (ANN) topology of convective drying kinetic of carrot cubes were investigated. A multilayer feed-forward ANN trained by back-propagation algorithms was developed to correlate output (moisture ratio) to the four exogenous input variables (drying time, drying air temperature, air velocity, and cube size). A predictive response surface model for ANN topologies was created using RSM. The response surface model was interfaced with an effective GA to find the optimum topology of ANN. The factors considered for building a relationship of ANN topology were the number of neurons, momentum coefficient, step size, number of training epochs, and number of training runs. A second-order polynomial model was developed from training results for mean square error (MSE) of 50 developed ANNs to generate 3D response surfaces and contour plots. The optimum ANN had minimum MSE when the number of neurons, step size, momentum coefficient, number of epochs, and number of training runs were 23, 0.37, 0.68, 2,482, and 2, respectively. The results confirmed that the optimal ANN topology was more precise for predicting convective drying kinetics of carrot cubes.     

基于神经网络和遗传算法的注射成型工艺优化

论述人工神经网络和遗传算法在塑料注射成型工艺优化中的应用,首先利用人工神经网络建立注射成型工艺参数与塑件翘曲量之间关系的数学模型,然后用遗传算法对工艺参数优化.其中由正交法设计得到实验样本,由数值模拟软件计算得到塑件翘曲量,将其作为优化目标.按优化后的工艺参数进行实验,获得较高质量的塑料制品,从而为建立和控制注射模工艺参数提供一种行之有效的途径.     

基于神经网络和遗传算法的塑料热压成型多目标优化

论述了人工神经网络和遗传算法在塑料热压成型工艺优化中的应用,首先利用人工神经网络建立热压成型工艺参数与零件性能之间关系的数学模型,然后用遗传算法对工艺参数优化。根据多目标函数优化问题的单目标化思想,对优化后的单目标进行分解,得到最优工艺参数条件下的塑料热压产品性能,从而为建立和控制塑料热压成型工艺参数提供了一种行之有效的方法。     

用人工神经网络优化己酸乙酯的制备条件

己酸乙酯生产工艺中采用硫酸做催化剂,会产生大量的工艺废水,对环境不利.本文采用硫酸氢钠F型复合催化剂,以环己烷为带水剂催化合成己酸乙酯,并采用正交实验和人工神经网络对该工艺加以优化,建立三层改进的误差反向传播网络（BP-ANN神经网络）,把正交实验的水平范围扩大后输入建立的网络,得到最佳制备条件：催化剂用量为4 g,反应时间为3.4 h,醇酸物质的量比为1.2,带水剂用量为27 mL,在该条件下己酸乙酯的预测收率为98.60%,五次验证实验的平均收率为98.32%.     

人工神经网络-遗传算法优化化学镀四元合金工艺

利用BP神经网络-遗传算法对化学镀Ni-Fe-Co-P工艺进行寻优。首先利用正交试验表安排一定数量的实验,以构成人工神经网络的训练集。对训练集训练并利用实验数据检验,得到化学镀工艺的人工神经网络模型。最终再利用遗传算法对其进行寻优,以确定最佳的工艺参数。结果表明该方法结果可靠,可以用于实际各种工艺参数的寻优。     

Application of Fractal Theory for Prediction of Shrinkage of Dried Kiwifruit Using Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm

In current research, fractal theory has been applied for estimation of shrinkage of osmotically dehydrated and air-dried kiwifruit using a combination of neural network and genetic algorithm. Kiwifruits were dehydrated at different conditions and digital images of final dried products were taken. Kiwifruit-background interface lines were detected using a threshold combined with an edge detection approach and their corresponding fractal dimensions were calculated based on a box counting method. A neural network was constructed using fractal dimension and moisture content as inputs to predict shrinkage of dried kiwifruit and a genetic algorithm was applied for optimization of the neural network's parameters. The results indicated good accuracy of optimal model (correlation coefficient of 0.95) and high potential application of fractal theory and described intelligent model for shrinkage estimation of dried kiwifruit.     

用BP神经网络和遗传算法优化电沉积Cu-W的工艺参数

用神经网络和遗传算法(BP-GA)优化电沉积Cu-W的工艺参数。结果显示:BP-GA预测结果与试验结果较接近,相对误差为9.05%,说明BP-GA优化电沉积工艺参数有较高的预测能力和准确度。