未来陆军的网络化精确攻击导弹

介绍美国陆军即将装备的一种借助网络对活动目标和时间敏感目标实施精确攻击的导弹,美国陆军称之为精确攻击导弹(PAM).首先从总体性能、 双模导引头技术、固体火箭发动机、数据链、飞行弹道特点等方面详细介绍了PAM,最后给出了作战使用情况.     

制导火箭末敏弹射击精度分析

制导火箭末敏弹是火箭制导控制技术和末敏弹技术有机结合的新型弹药,针对此前制导火箭与末敏子弹相结合的系统射击精度研究不够充分的问题,根据制导火箭末敏弹的工作流程和弹道特点,建立了各飞行段制导火箭和末敏子弹的弹道模型,通过分析各弹道段扰动因素的影响,对误差源进行了分配,运用Monte-Carlo法进行了射击精度仿真计算和分析。结果表明,制导火箭末敏弹系统射击精度(CEP)不大于60 m,与末敏子弹的扫描探测范围匹配,满足精确打击小幅员目标的要求。分析方法和仿真结果对完善制导火箭末敏弹指标体系、优化弹道方案以及作战使用时计算用弹量等具有重要意义,也可作为同类装备设计参考。     

远程变后掠翼巡航导弹多任务弹道设计及仿真

为研究适配变后掠翼巡航导弹多任务飞行的弹道设计问题,将导弹飞行过程分为爬升、巡航、下滑、盘旋和攻击5个飞行阶段。为了使导弹实现快速平稳的爬升和下滑,并顺利地转入巡航和盘旋阶段,弹道高度采用指数形式的程序飞行高度指令函数,并根据导弹运动方程,解析出高度指令函数关键参数的选择公式; 盘旋段采用覆盖作战区域的圆形弹道,偏航过载指令由与作战区域面积相关弹道曲率得出; 巡航段采用等高飞行直线弹道,攻击段采用自动寻的导引。弹道仿真结果表明,所设计的多任务弹道及指令合理,满足多任务飞行和高精度制导要求。     

基于MATLAB/Simulink的纵向质点外弹道仿真

为了在设计初期能得到导弹的可能飞行弹道和飞行特性,采用MATLAB/Simulink 软件建立了系统的仿真模型并进行仿真计算,给出了相应的仿真结果及其分析,为其它系统的设计提供了依据和参考.此种仿真方法比传统编程语言仿真周期短,使动态系统的仿真变得容易且直观.     

MX导弹飞行试验综述

本文简要地介绍了MX导弹及其弹头战术技术性能!着重介绍了MX导弹直到具备初步作战能力为止的研制飞行试验计划,包括飞行试验各阶段的试验目的:MX导弹工作性能与综合性能鉴定、武器系统工作性能鉴定、再入系统与再入飞行器工作性能鉴定、制导与控制系统性能鉴定、瞄准作战系统的鉴定以及测量与飞行安全系统鉴定。还着重介绍了飞行试验弹的结构与发射,飞行试验任务的设计与数据采集和靶场安全限制与靶场保障。文章最后扼要介绍了至今为止MX导弹进行的十次飞行试验情况并介绍了试验中出现的某些问题及其产生的原因。     

空间拦截弹道优化研究

为验证利用地基导弹进行空间拦截的可行性,对空间拦截弹道优化问题进行了描述.根据固体火箭弹道设计方法,分析了弹道的影响因素,提出基于正交设计的搜索算法,给出了详细的算法流程,介绍了搜索方向的正交设计方式和搜索过程.用该模型对某一参考弹进行了仿真计算,计算结果表明,只要弹道参数设计合适,参考弹完全可以将100 kg有效载荷送入近地轨道,满足空间拦截作战要求.     

飞航导弹飞行仿真技术的发展

扼要介绍了我国飞航导弹飞行力学与飞行仿真技术的发展情况,其中特别讨论了导弹的全弹道数学仿真(实验室模拟打靶)和半实物仿真的有关问题。     

导弹改进、改型中的飞行力学问题

讨论了导弹飞行性能与作战效能的关系; 介绍了国内外导弹改装、改进、改型中可能遇到的10个方面的飞行力学问题, 即发射动力学问题, 弹道问题, 增加射程(增程)问题, 末端攻击问题, 子弹头抛撒问题, 航迹规划问题, 改变飞行高度(变高)问题, 改变飞行速度(变速)问题, 改变导弹外形(变形)问题, 协同作战问题, 并进行了简短的讨论.     

火箭增程乘波外形导弹弹道特性研究

基于椭圆锥相交流场,采用非轴对称设计方法生成了一种带火箭增程的乘波外形高超声速导弹,并在给定攻角条件下对乘波外形导弹的弹道进行了仿真.仿真结果表明:导弹的飞行轨迹为波浪形;在满足热防护的条件下,给定乘波外形和初始滑翔速度的导弹存在一个较优的初始滑翔高度;导弹自带增程火箭的点火时间越早,其飞行距离越远.     

固体燃料冲压发动机燃料要求和导弹飞行任务性能之间相互关系的快速分析技术

整体式火箭—固体燃料冲压发动机由于其燃料和助推器的推进剂都是固体燃料,因此从理论上讲适合导弹上应用。概念上虽然简单,但是,因为在燃料、发动机、弹道和导弹尺寸之间,定尺寸和性能的相互关系是复杂的,所分析和设计是困难的。本文论述了固体燃料冲压发动机定尺寸的基本研究和导弹飞行任务性能的研究;用最近研究的分析技术(ARES)快速地估价了这些相互关系;还列举了突出固体燃料特性和导弹飞行任务性能间相互关系的几个详细实例。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.