海参体壁酶促溶性胶原的提取工艺

以海参体壁为原料,采用胃蛋白酶水解法提取酶促溶性胶原.以酶促溶性胶原得率为指标,通过正交试验确定了胃蛋白酶水解法获取酶促溶性胶原的最佳条件温度为4 ℃,酶加量为14%,料液比为1∶500,提取时间为72 h;在此条件下酶促溶性胶原的得率可达到胶原纤维原料的73.44%.实验还确定盐浓度为0.8 mol/L时酶促溶性胶原的盐析效果最好.     

海参体壁酶促溶性胶原的提取工艺

以海参体壁为原料,采用胃蛋白酶水解法提取酶促溶性胶原。以酶促溶性胶原得率为指标,通过正交试验确定了胃蛋白酶水解法获取酶促溶性胶原的最佳条件:温度为4℃,酶加量为14%,料液比为1∶500,提取时间为72 h;在此条件下酶促溶性胶原的得率可达到胶原纤维原料的73.44%。实验还确定盐浓度为0.8 mol/L时酶促溶性胶原的盐析效果最好。     

利用综合法从菜子粕中制取植酸钙

试验采用综合法，对新疆产菜子粕进行处理，在脱去菜子粕中毒素的同时，提取高得率的植酸钙。认为其技术关键是控制稀酸浓度、浸泡时间、浸泡温度及ｐＨ值。     

利用综合法从菜子粕中制取植酸钙

试验采用综合法，对新疆产菜子粕进行处理，在脱去菜子粕中毒素的同时，提取高得率的植酸钙。认为其技术关键是控制稀酸浓度，浸泡时间，浸泡温度及ＰＨ值。     

大学生营养状况调查和膳食管理

本文对我院８５０名大学生的膳食和营养状况作了调查。调查结果显示大学生的热量，蛋白质摄入接近标准供给量；钙，铁，硫胺素，ＶｉｔＣ等营养素摄入达到标准的给量；ＶｉｔＡ缺乏，内素摄入不足，仅为标准的４０．８７％。通过调查，对我院今后膳食管理提出了一些建议。     

利用水溶性 PVA 长丝进行经纱上浆的研究(Ⅱ)——PVA 长丝的纤度和上浆速度的影响

上报［１］提出了一种利用水溶性ＰＶＡ长丝进行经纱上浆新工艺。本文着重论述ＰＶＡ长丝的纤度和上浆速度对上浆效果的影响。不同细度的ＰＶＡ长丝在温水中溶解程度不同，随着ＰＶＡ长丝细度的变细，上浆率减少。从浆纱切片分析得到，随着上浆温度的增加，在浸透面积增加的同时，被覆面积减少。试验结果表明，不是浸透面积增加影响了被覆面积，而是因为ＰＶＡ长丝的细度变细引起的。     

高钙粉煤灰与粉煤灰混合料的路用性能研究

从高钙粉煤灰与粉煤灰混合料的化学成分入手，阐述了高钙粉煤灰与粉煤灰混合料的强度形成机理。根据《公路无机结合料稳定材料试验规程》的相关试验方法，对高钙粉煤灰与粉煤灰混合料的强度、模量、水稳定性等路用技术性能进行了系统的试验研究，并分析了其强度的影响因素。试验结果表明，高钙粉煤灰与粉煤灰混合料具有较高的强度、模量和较好的水稳定性，其各项技术性能满足现行规范的要求，可以作为各级公路的底基层或基层材料。     

阿胶泡腾片对小鼠免疫功能的影响

研究了阿胶泡腾片对小鼠免疫功能的影响.采用免疫器官重量法探讨了阿胶泡腾片对小鼠免疫器官发育的影响;通过碳廓清试验研究了阿胶泡腾片对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响;采用迟发型变态反应试验考察了阿胶泡腾片对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响.结果表明,阿胶泡腾片能增加小鼠脾脏、胸腺指数;高剂量阿胶泡腾片能显著增加小鼠碳廓清指数,与空白对照组相比差异极显著;阿胶泡腾片能明显增加小鼠足肿胀度,与空白对照组相比有显著差异.表明阿胶泡腾片能增强小鼠非特异性免疫和细胞免疫功能.     

60Co辐照灭菌对胶原膜体外稳定性影响的研究

为了探讨^60Co辐照灭菌方法对胶原膜稳定性的影响，牛跟腱胶原膜、牛皮胶原膜经^60Co辐照灭菌，对灭菌前后胶原膜的溶胀度、收缩温度和抗胶原酶酶解能力等指标进行了测定，并对胶原膜交联度及稳定性进行了初步评价。应用红外光谱分析对其机理进行了探讨。结果表明：经^60Co辐照后，胶原蛋白分子间发生了共价交联，两种胶原膜的溶胀度减小，胶原酶酶解时间增加，胶原膜的交联度及稳定性增加，无菌检查合格。但收缩温度降低，辐照时如不采用任何保护胶原的措施，胶原的分子结构将遭到一定程度的破坏。     

碱性脂肪酶的发酵及提取工艺

对圆弧青霉ＰＧ３７发酵产酶工艺及脂肪酶提取工艺等进行了系统的研究。实验结果表明，２０ｍ＾３发酵罐在通风量为０．３￣０．８Ｖ／Ｖｍｉｎ、搅拌转速为１８０ｒ／ｍｉｎ、发酵温度为２８℃、培养过程中流加棉籽油以控制发酵醪ｐＨ值为６．５￣７．０的条件下，发酵８４ｈ左右，成熟发酵醪酶活为４５２０Ｕ／ｍＬ。发酵液经过滤、超滤波浓缩、硫铵沉淀、造粒等过程制得颗粒碱性脂肪酶成品，酶的提取总收率在７０％以上，颗粒酶活     

Formation of Ca3SiO5 prepared by electric and microwave burning

A new method of sintering Ca3SiO5 by the combination of conventional and microwave heating methods was studied. The influence of transitional metal oxides such as Fe2O3, Cr2O3, MnO2, and V2O5 used as the additive of microwave absorption on the microwave-promoted burning of Ca3SiO5 was investigated. The experimental results indicate that the new burning technique is capa-ble of promoting the sintering of Ca3SiO5. At 1200-1300°C in an electric furnace, Ca3SiO5 can be obtained only when the sample is heated in a microwave for 110-240 s, and the free lime content is below 40wt%. Based on the experiments, Fe2O3, Cr2O3, MnO2, and V2O5 can enhance microwave sintering. Amongst them, Cr2O3 is the most effective. The characteristic of the X-ray diffraction peaks of Ca3SiO5 is similar to those of standard Ca3SiO5, but the peaks are wider.     

Surface characteristics and structure of oxide films containing Ca and P on Ti substrate

The oxide films were obtained in an electrolyte of calcium glyeerphosphate (Ca-GP) and calcium acetate (CA) by mieroare oxidation (MAO). The oxide films displayed a porous and rough structure on the film surface, and the roughness tended to increase with inereasing voltage of mieroare oxidation. The oxide film exhibited a uniform coating and tends to be well boned to the substrate. The thiekness of oxide films depended on the final voltage at a eonstant concentration of eleetrolyte solution. Ca and P were also incorporated into the oxide film during the mieroarc oxidation process, It was found that the electrolyte of ealeium glyeerphosphate ( Ca-GP) and ealeium acetate (CA) was suitable for microarc oxidation to form oxide film eontaining Ca and P on Ti substrate. The eoneentration of Ca and P were 11.6 at% and 6. 4 at% , respectively, when microare oxidation was performed in the electrolyte of 0. 06 M Ca-GP and 0. 25 M CA at current density 50 A/m^2 and final voltage 350 V. The composition of the Ca, P and Ti changed during depth profiling. The crystalline phases were only anatase when final voltage was below 300 V and rutile was presented when voltage was up to 350V. The microstructure, phase structure and phase composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , atomic foree microscope (AFM) , energy dispersive X-ray mieroanalyser (EDX) , and X-ray diffraction (XRD),     

低碳高效的太阳能级硅制备新技术

对固态二氧化硅在850℃氯化钙熔盐中的伏安行为分析的基础上,通过系统研究了二氧化硅粉末压片在850℃氯化钙熔盐中恒电位电解产物的物相和纯度,确定了通过熔盐电解法制备单质硅的电位范围.实验结果表明,熔盐电解二氧化硅制备单质硅合适的电解电位范围为0.65V(vs.Ca/Ca2+)至1.15V.通过在此电位范围内恒电位电解产物纯度和能量效率分析,明确了熔盐电解制备单质硅最优化的电解电位为0.85V,此时电解产物纯度高达99.41%,电流效率为79.3%,电解能耗为11.5kWh/kg Si.上述结果表明,熔盐电解法制备单质硅与传统碳热还原法相比在能量效率和产物纯度上具有优势.通过电解产物杂质来源的分析,提出进一步提高产物纯度以达到太阳能级硅要求的措施,为通过熔盐电解法直接制备太阳能级硅提供了科学基础.     

煅烧温度对Ca1-xPrxMnO3粉体结构与导电性能的影响

为改善CaMnO₃粉体的导电性能,采用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延法在不同温度下合成Ca1-xPr_xMnO₃(0≤x≤0.3)粉体,并研究煅烧温度对Ca1-xPr_xMnO₃粉体结构及导电性能的影响．结果表明,随着煅烧温度的升高,电阻率呈现先降低后升高的变化趋势,且在1 000 ℃时电阻率最低．XRD分析结果表明,Ca1-xPr_xMnO₃粉体的特征衍射峰均向小角度方向偏移,且强度随着煅烧温度的升高而增强．XRD计算结果表明,Ca1-xPr_xMnO₃粉体的晶胞参数受烧结温度影响,是导致电阻率变化的原因之一,煅烧温度为1 000 ℃时,粉体的晶格畸变程度相对较大．SEM分析结果表明,Ca0.75Pr0.25MnO₃粉体的晶粒尺寸随温度的升高不断增大,合适的粒度有利于粉体电阻率的降低．在煅烧温度为1 000 ℃的Ca1-xPr_xMnO₃粉体中Mn的平均价态最低．晶界效应、粒度和Mn的价态3个因素共同作用导致了Ca1-xPr_xMnO₃粉体的电阻率随温度升高而呈现先减小后增大的变化趋势．     

Sol-gel derived bioactive hydroxyapatite/titania composite films on Ti6Al4V

The composite films consisting of the titania gel impregnated with hydroxyapatite （HAP） submicron particles were prepared on commercial Ti6A14V plates processed by a sol-gel route. HAP powders were synthesized based on wet chemical precipitation method with Ca（NO3）2.4H2O and （NH4）2HPO4 as starting reagents. After being calcined at 900℃, HAP powders were ultrasonically scattered in ethanol to produce HAP sol. The titania sol was prepared using titanium （IV） isopropoxide {Ti[OCH（CH3）2]4} as precursor. Both the titania sol and the HAP/titania mixture were sequentially spin-coated on the substrates and calcined at various temperatures. The characteristics and mechanical adhesion of the composite films were investigated. The results show that the as-prepared films are dense, homogeneous, well-crystallized, and there is a good interfacial adhesion between the film and the substrate. The in vitro bioactivities of these films were discussed based on the analysis of the variations of Ca and P concentrations in the simulated body fluid and their surface morphologies against immersion time.     

超微粉碎稻谷糠壳发酵生产燃料丁醇的研究

以超微粉碎后的稻谷糠壳为原料,以丙酮丁醇梭菌为发酵菌株,考察了不同硫酸浓度和酸水解时间对发酵生产丙酮、丁醇、乙醇（ABE）总溶剂浓度的影响。同时进一步研究其酸水解液不同脱毒方式,添加碳源和营养物质对ABE总溶剂产量的影响。结果表明：体积分数为1．5％的硫酸121℃酸水解30min,利用Ca（OH）：过中和酸水解液脱毒,发酵78h最终ABE总溶剂量为14．62g/L,较未处理提高30．10％,残糖质量浓度为8．46g／L,较未处理下降47．8％;超微粉碎后稻谷糠壳酸水解液中的营养成分已能满足丙酮丁醇梭菌发酵生产ABE溶剂所需,添加葡萄糖碳源和其他营养成分并不能显著提高ABE总溶剂产量和缩短发酵时间。     

Effects of electrolytic concentration on properties of micro-arc film on Ti6A14V alloy

To study the effect of electrolytic concentration, bioactive ceramic films containing Ca and P on the surface of the Ti6Al4V alloy were prepared by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in aqueous solutions of different concentrations. Composition, mi-cro-morphology, wettability of the films and their corrosion behavior in a Hank's SBF were studied. Our experimental results show that the film is mainly composed of anatase, ruffle and amorphous phases. With an increase in electrolytic concentration, the ratio of ruffle in films enlarge and small amounts of calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) and hydroxyapatite (HA) appear. The number of mi-cropores in films increases but their dimensions decrease and their porosities increase slightly. As the surface roughness of MAO film increases with concentration, the wettablility of the oxide film improves continually, while micro-hardness increases at first and then decreases. MAO treatment clearly improves the corrosion resistance of substrates in a Hank's SBF.     

Effect of coke properties and its blending recipe on performances of carbon anode for aluminium electrolysis

The properties and blending recipe of petroleum cokes used to make high quality carbon anodes for aluminium electrolysis were studied. Three kinds of green cokes were selected for bench scale study to illustrate the effects of cokes properties and its blending recipe on anode performances. The results show that impurities derived mainly fi＇om cokes remarkably affect the CO2 reactivity and air reactivity of carbon anodes. Ca, Na and V can increase CO2 reactivity of calcined cokes but S has the contrary effect, and the cokes of high V level generally present high air reactivity. The anodes with good quality can be made by properly selecting and scientifically blending of cokes, some poor quality cokes can also be used to produce high quality anodes with a reasonable blending recipe. Na contaminated anodes have high CO2 reactivity and air reactivity, so the recycled anode butts should be well cleaned to reduce Na content before being introduced into anode production, which is especially important to the low S cokes.     

La0.7Ca0.3MnO3多晶材料制备及其电磁特性

以化学溶液分解法制备La0.7Ca0.3MnO3粉体,常压烧结制备多晶块体样品。对La0.7Ca0.3MnO3样品的磁矩、磁致电阻效应（CMR）和电脉冲诱导电阻转变效应（EPIR）进行了研究。磁矩零场冷和场冷试验结果发现,居里温度以下,零场冷和场冷条件下磁矩具有较大差别。这说明材料中缺少真正的长程磁有序。La0.7Ca0.3MnO3多晶具有磁致电阻效应,在9 T磁场作用下,磁致电阻变化大约为70%。在80 V,20 ns电脉冲作用下,材料具有电脉冲诱导电阻转变效应。从理论上对磁致电阻效应与电脉冲诱导电阻转变效应的机理进行了分析。     

新型低铬铸态抗磨球墨铸铁变质处理

研究了具有石墨＋碳化物＋珠光体组织的新型低铬抗磨铸铁变质处理作用效果．试验结果表明，原铁水中加入含Ｓｉ、Ｃａ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ元素的复合变质剂后，能够细化组织，改善碳化物形态，固溶强化基体，使铸铁ＨＲＣ值及αｋ值增加，耐磨性提高．