A processor for real time TV raster scan conversion

A concept for a processor is described, which scans a vector display file and fills the picture information into a 512 bit line buffer in real time.     

二次栅格扫描与锚节点递减栅格扫描的定位算法

为了提高无线传感器网络的定位精度,在Grid-Scan算法的基础上作进一步的改进。首先利用二次栅格扫描确定初始定位点,并产生缩小的定位区域;在该缩小区域内,将邻居锚节点与初始定位点间的距离转换为理论信号强度值,再对比邻居锚节点实际接收未知节点的信号强度,对邻居锚节点进行有条件递减,得到递减锚节点栅格扫描法则,最终确定未知节点的估计位置。通过仿真实验的对比,改良后的定位算法在一定程度上提高了定位精度。     

A method of rotating areas on a raster scan graphic display

The method presented here permits an area of a picture held in a frame store to be rotated in the plane without recourse to a data structure or other picture definition. It is therefore suitable for use with digitized images and hand-drawn ones. Four techniques based on interpolation are compared and some performance figures are given. In addition, the effect of the computation on the appearance of the picture is discussed, a specific example being included.     

Protocol design for interactive raster scan graphic displays

The requirements of a protocol for use with raster scan graphic terminals in an interactive environment are given, the principal requirement being that the terminal should work with any host computer system and programming language. A protocol fulfilling these requirements is described, with particular reference to cursor interrogation facilities, transmission resilience and cadence control. The protocol, by being used for a considerable period in graphics terminals in a wide variety of applications, has proved to have fulfilled the requirements.     

The use of colour information in raster scan display systems

Several frame buffer, raster scan display systems are commercially available. Although most are capable of storing adequate colour information this is seldom utilised in the best application-oriented manner. Three possible ways of interpreting colour data are considered in turn.     

The multiple write BUS technique: A most promising technique for speeding up raster scan computation

A new German technique for accessing a multiprocessor BUS solves some raster scan problems but also appears to speed up some basic algorithms, such as sorting.     

一种可靠的微机实时监控系统

主要探讨一种用于工业流水生产线的实时微机监控系统的硬件结构和软件的设计方法。在合成纤维生产计算机控制系统中,采用集散计算机控制系统结构,将管理功能与控制功能分开,上位机管理软件采用结构化设计方法,使用Visual Basic语言编程,具有操作方便,易于维护、全新界面和功能强等特点。     

一种经济可行的远程实时监测系统

本文主要介绍了一种基于TI公司MSC1210的经济可行的对前端电源模拟量的远程实时监测系统,在监测频率要求不高的情况下,可以取代NI的6133数据采集系统.     

Online tuning of a steady state crude distillation unit model for real time applications

The steady state simulators, used for on-line performance prediction and for on-line optimization in crude distillation units are often sensitive to small variations in the feed composition, which is specified in terms of a True Boiling Point (TBP) vs volume percent distilled curve. The exact feed TBP is often not available during the plant operation. Also stratification of raw crude oil into layers in the large tank farm sections cause severe operating problems in terms of the stability of the column. If feed TBP can be predicted online, necessary feedforward action can considerably reduce the operating problems. A model has been developed for backcalculation of feed TBP using measured plant parameters. A heat balance is performed around an envelope encompassing the rectifying section of the fractionator and is followed by the calculation of Equilibrium Flash Vaporization (EFV) temperatures at six different locations of the column which are correlated with corresponding feed TBP temperatures. The second part of model tuning consists of calculating model parameters in the form of point efficiencies so as to minimize the discrepancy between the simulator predicted and measured column parameters which arises out of modelling approximations such as assumption of phase equilibria at each stage and use of imperfect thermodynamics correlations. The simulator results, after tuning, were found to match the plant measurements within two percent in all the cases investigated. The simulator output was used to predict various product properties using a Property Prediction package and these were also found to match well with those of laboratory measurements. Both the backcalculation of feed TBP and the efficiency tuning need to be implemented on-line for inferential control and supervisory optimization.     

An architecture for region boundary extraction in raster scan images suitable for VLSI implementation

A novel hardware architecture for extracting region boundaries in two raster scan passes through a binary image is presented. The first pass gathers statistics regarding the size of each object contour. This information is used by the hardware to allocate dynamically off-chip memory for storage of boundary codes. In the second raster pass the same architecture constructs lists of grid-joint codes to represent the perimeter pixels of each object. These codes, referred to variously as crack codes or raster-chain codes in the literature, are later decoded by the hardware to reproduce the ordered sequence of coordinates surrounding each object. This list of coordinates is useful for a variety of shape recognition and manipulation algorithms that utilize boundary information. We present results of software simulations of the VLSI architecture, along with measurements on the coding efficiency of the basic algorithm, and estimates of the overall complexity of a proposed VLSI chip.     

Real time virtual window management for bit mapped raster graphics

In this paper we present a hardware real time window system which uses a virtual address mapping scheme based on associative memory. Until now, bit block transfer operations were used to update screen contents from main memory window information. Since these operations transfer large blocks of data from main memory to the frame buffer whenever window parameters are changed, response times of window systems were slow. With the proposed approach, the frame buffer may be completely eliminated and replaced by a large virtual video memory which is capable of holding all the window data in non-overlapping locations. Mapping becomes now a dynamic real-time function which assigns screen addresses to different areas of the virtual video memory at different times.     

SWIFT—A new real time commit protocol

Although there are several factors contributing to the difficulty in meeting distributed real time transaction deadlines, data conflicts among transactions, especially in commitment phase, are the prime factor resulting in system performance degradation. Therefore, design of an efficient commit protocol is of great significance for distributed real time database systems (DRTDBS). Most of the existing commit protocols try to improve system performance by allowing a committing cohort to lend its data to an executing cohort, thus reducing data inaccessibility. These protocols block the borrower when it tries to send WORKDONE/PREPARED message [1, 6, 8, 9], thus increasing the transactions commit time. This paper first analyzes all kind of dependencies that may arise due to data access conflicts among executing-committing transactions when a committing cohort is allowed to lend its data to an executing cohort. It then proposes a static two-phase locking and high priority based, write-update type, ideal for fast and timeliness commit protocol i.e. SWIFT. In SWIFT, the execution phase of a cohort is divided into two parts, locking phase and processing phase and then, in place of WORKDONE message, WORKSTARTED message is sent just before the start of processing phase of the cohort. Further, the borrower is allowed to send WORKSTARTED message, if it is only commit dependent on other cohorts instead of being blocked as opposed to [1, 6, 8, 9]. This reduces the time needed for commit processing and is free from cascaded aborts. To ensure non-violation of ACID properties, checking of completion of processing and the removal of dependency of cohort are required before sending the YES-VOTE message. Simulation results show that SWIFT improves the system performance in comparison to earlier protocol. The performance of SWIFT is also analyzed for partial read-only optimization, which minimizes intersite message traffic, execute-commit conflicts and log writes consequently resulting in a better response time. The impact of permitting the cohorts of the same transaction to communicate with each other [5] on SWIFT has also been analyzed. Recommended by: Ahmed Elmagarmid     

Accounting in real time

Real-time mainframe accounting systems, unlike batch systems, allow immediate access to financial information. The article discusses the benefits of real-time over batch accounting and highlights user friendliness, security and increased performance.     

A real time displacement estimation algorithm for ultrasound elastography

Motion tracking algorithms to derive the local displacement distribution inside soft tissue from ultrasonic radio frequency (RF) signals are critical for ultrasound-based techniques, especially for ultrasound elastography. Normally, there is a trade-off between precision and computational cost. In this study, we present a framework combined with block matching algorithm (BMA) and phase shift method with prior estimation (PSPE). BMA is first applied to the RF signals, the axial and lateral displacements obtained are then used as a prior estimates of the PS method to calculate a more precision axial displacements. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated with synthetic ultrasound RF data, and it is found that both SNRe and CNRe of our method are significantly higher than those of phase-shift as a prior estimation (PSPE) method. Elasticity phantom and clinical data are also used to verify the usefulness of our algorithm, respectively. The results show that our method is robust to image the complex tissue motions.     

实时矩形交通限速标志识别系统

交通限速标志识别系统是汽车辅助驾驶系统的一项重要组成部分,本文提出了一种实时矩形交通标志识别系统.首先采用多尺度多区域的局部二值模式（LBP）特征训练Adaboost分类器进行交通限速标志的检测,然后利用线性预测的算法进行标志跟踪.识别预处理阶段,首先采用投影分析的方法对交通标志进行旋转校正,然后采用基于积分图的自适应二值化方法将图像进行二值化,再利用连通区域标记方法得到包含限速标志数字的最小矩形区域.识别时首先采用主元分析（PCA）进行特征向量提取,然后用聚类的方法构建二叉树的线性支持向量机进行分类识别.在普通笔记本电脑系统配置下,通过大量的实际道路场景的视频数据测试,系统取得了98.3%的正确识别率,平均处理速度达16帧/s.