弹性波在准周期镜像固/液声子晶体中的透射

基于准周期Fibonacci序列,构建了准周期镜像结构固液介质声子晶体。利用转移矩阵法,数值研究了弹性波在其中的透射。弹性波正入射时,在奇数序列镜像声子晶体透射谱的带隙内出现多个谐振模,而在偶数序列镜像声子晶体透射谱的带隙内仅有弱透射峰;上、下带边的谐振随序列数的增加而增强。弹性波斜入射时,透射谱向高频区移动;入射角较小时,谐振模也向高频区移动,同时产生了次级禁带;入射角较大时,带隙内的谐振模消失,带隙间的频率间距减小。     

Deformation Anisotropy of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Y</Emphasis> + 128°-Cut Single Crystalline Bidomain Wafers of Lithium Niobate

Bidomain single crystals of lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃) are promising materials for use as actuators, mechanoelectrical transducers, and sensors capable of working in a wide temperature range. One need to take into account the anisotropy of the properties of the crystalline material when such devices are designed. In this study we investigated deformations of bidomain round shaped Y + 128°-cut wafers of lithium niobate in an external electric field. The dependences of the piezoelectric coefficients on the rotation angles were calculated for lithium niobate and lithium tantalate and plotted for the crystal cuts which are used for the formation of a bidomain ferroelectric structure. In the experiment, we utilized an external heating method and long-time annealing with the lithium out-diffusion method in order to create round bidomain lithium niobate wafers. Optical microscopy was used to obtain the dependences of the bidomain crystals’ movements on the rotation angle with central fastening and the application of an external electric field. We also modelled the shape of the deformed bidomain wafer with the suggestion that the edge movement depends on the radial distance to the fastening point quadratically. In conclusion, we revealed that the bidomain Y + 128°-cut lithium niobate wafer exhibits a saddle-like deformation when a DC electric field is applied.     

大面积三维光子晶体的制备与分析

采用中心带孔的多光楔棱镜产生多光束干涉图案 ,利用光诱导法在掺铁铌酸锂晶体中制作多种包括 光子准晶在内的大面积三维光子晶体。介绍了制作装置和实现方法,观测了两种光子晶体微 结构正面及侧 面结构特点,同时拍摄了光子晶体的布里渊区图。通过仿真计算定量分析光子晶体,详细分 析了三维结构 的周期性变化特点。提出通过改变光楔楔角角度实现对三维光子晶体周期的控制。利用布拉 格反射实验验证所做三维光子晶体的周期性,并测量了晶面间距。     

十字型结构声子晶体带隙及等效模型研究

该文设计了一种新型十字型声子晶体结构,并采用有限元法对其进行了研究;分析了此结构若干共振频率下的振动模态,分别建立了带隙起始频率与截止频率处振动模态的简化模型,探究了结构与材料参数对带隙的影响,验证了简化模型的合理性;最后计算了结构的反射系数与透射系数。结果表明,该结构带隙产生机理属局域共振型,能够在中低频段内产生一个完全带隙。通过对金属芯体密度、基体密度、包覆层的宽度及弹性模量等因素的调节,可以实现对带隙上、下界频率的调节,结构的反射系数与透射系数随入射波频率的变化也与带隙图相应证,当带隙图显示出现带隙时,结构的透射系数也随之下降。     

1维3元磁化等离子体光子晶体传输特性分析

为了研究1维3元磁化等离子体光子晶体的传输特性,采用传输矩阵法得到了TE波通过1维3元磁化等离子体光子晶体后的左旋和右旋极化波的传输特性,用计算得到的透射系数来讨论了周期常数、介电常数、介质层厚度和等离子体参量对其传输特性的影响。结果表明,改变介电常数、介质层厚度和等离子体频率可以实现对禁带数目和宽度的调谐,改变周期数和等离子体碰撞频率不能影响禁带带宽;等离子体回旋频率仅仅能影响右旋极化波的禁带带宽,对左旋极化波的禁带带宽无影响。这为设计1维3元磁化等离子体光子晶体器件提供了理论参考。     

Analysis of membrane support structures for integrated antennausage on two-dimensional photonic-bandgap structures

The study of the transmission of electromagnetic waves through a photonic crystal with various membranes placed over the surface is presented in this paper. A difference in performance is observed even for a membrane thickness that is unable to support guided substrate modes through total internal reflection. The transmittance has been investigated for two crystal orientations, assuming normally incident external plane waves on a finite thickness two-dimensional (2-D) photonic crystals both with and without a membrane. The angular transmission response is characterized by scanning the incidence angle of the impinging plane wave to cover all available angles within the 2D periodic plane of the structure     

A Method of Calibration of Terahertz Wave Brightness Under Nonlinear-Optical Detection

A new method is proposed for calibration of the terahertz wave spectral brightness. The method is based on the use of quantum and thermal field fluctuations as intrinsic references under nonlinear-optical detection. Both effective brightness of the thermal fluctuations and temperature of the laser-pumped nonlinear-optical crystal can be measured absolutely within the calibration procedure also. It is shown that the accuracy of the terahertz wave brightness calibration is strongly dependent on the value of the terahertz wave losses in the nonlinear-optical crystal. The scheme of quasi-phase matched terahertz wave detection in periodically poled lithium niobate is considered. Dispersion of the absorption coefficient in the terahertz frequency range is measured by a three-frequency interference method under spontaneous parametric down-conversion for nominally pure and Mg-doped lithium niobate crystals. The influence of the terahertz radiation losses in Mg-doped lithium niobate crystals is estimated.     

Scattering of surface acoustic waves by a system of topographical irregularities comparable to a wavelength

Scattering of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in a reflective delay line, which is a Y+128°-cut lithium niobate substrate with aluminum interdigital transducers and reflecting structures located on its surface, is investigated by the finite-element method. The effects of scattering of SAW RF pulses by various surface irregularities are investigated in order to determine the topological parameters that minimize the loss of the SAW energy caused by the bulk-mode radiation into the substrate. The dependences of the energy coefficients of reflection and absorption of SAW RF pulses on the height and width of the reflecting irregularities whose dimensions are comparable to a wavelength have been determined.     

光折变晶体全息存储中散射噪声特性的研究

采用信噪比损失系数 (LSNR)深入研究了光折变铌酸锂晶体中散射噪声对全息输入图像像质的影响。对不同掺杂物质、不同掺杂浓度、不同处理方法以及不同记录方式的大量晶体进行了实验研究 ,并重点考察了物光束引起的散射噪声的特性。实验结果表明 ,氧化态晶体的散射噪声的影响小于生长态和还原态晶体 ,反射光路较之透射光路和邻面入射 ( 90°)光路更不易受散射噪音影响     

镜像单元周期性固液声子晶体中谐振的研究

利用散射矩阵,通过数值计算,研究了声纵波在镜像单元一维固-液周期声子晶体中的谐振特性。由Bloch定理的色散关系得到了其带隙结构。声纵波正入射时,在透射谱的奇数倍频附近出现6条窄带谐振透射峰,而偶数倍频附近有5条弱谐振透射峰。当声纵波斜入射时,谐振透射峰均向高频方向移动,且透射带宽减小。另外,在全反射条件下声纵波入射时,透射谱中谐振透射表明,此时产生了谐振隧穿效应。当入射角为25°时,透射谱中仅有一条谐振隧穿峰。     

Analysis of Interdigital Surface Wave Transducers by Use of an Equivalent Circuit Model

Immittance, transfer, and scattering characteristics are studied for acoustic surface wave transducers of the interdigital electrode form. Linear network models are used to represent the transducer as a chain of identical three-ports which are acoustically in cascade but electrically in parallel. Transducer operation at acoustic synchronism is described theoretically and compared to current experimental data for transducers operating at 100 MHz and fabricated on lithium niobate. Favorable lithium niobate configurations for efficient, broad-band transducer operation are given. Scattering characteristics as a function of electric load are discussed. Low values of acoustic reflection loss are predicted theoretically and observed experimentally when the electric load and transducer capacitance are in resonance. The frequency dependence of transducer radiation immittance is studied, and the response is found to be analogous to the response of an endfire antenna array.     

金刚石结构光子晶体的计算与制备

通过平面波法计算金刚石结构光子晶体的禁带特征,得出:当RA=0.16时,禁带宽度最大;当晶格常数a=8.5mm时,对应的最大禁带宽度为3.5GHz,对应的禁带范围为15.3～18.7GHz.利用CAD软件设计了在x,y,z三个方向上的周期数分别为2,4,6的金刚石结构的光子晶体模型,并采用立体印刷技术制备出了17.4mm×36.54mm× 54.32mm的三维微波金刚石光子晶体.最终通过HP网络测试仪对样品的禁带特征进行测试,结果表明;在晶体的＜100》方向上存在频率为14.7～18.5GHz的光子禁带,这与理论值相一致.当电磁波频率为17GHz时,对应的衰减率为-30dB.     

A Ferroelectric Frequency-Doubling Material-Potassium Lithium Niobate

The potassium lithium niobate crystals have been grown up. The shapes of solid-melt interfaces which maintaining the steady growth of the potassium lithium niobate crystals have been described. The optical transmission spectrum of the crystal has been surveyed. The perfected crystals showed good Second Harmonic Generation properties.     

铌酸锂低半波电压电光调制器研究

对降低铌酸锂(LN)电光调制器的半波电压进行了研究,探索了利用反射结构实现低半波电压的原理.通过退火质子交换工艺在x切LN晶片上制作了反射结构的LN电光调制器.测试表明,这种反射结构的LN电光调制器在保持器件长度不变的条件下可以降低半波电压.     

铟掺入对铌镁酸铅钛酸铅单晶声表面波的影响

近十几年,新型弛豫铁电单晶铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅受到广泛关注。但温度稳定性稍差限制了其应用范围。为了进一步改善铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅单晶的声表面波性能,文章利用部分波法研究了铟元素掺入对铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅晶体声表面波性能的影响。结果表明,铟的掺入在提高晶体稳定性的同时,部分减低了晶体的声表面波机电耦合系数,略提高了晶体的声表面波相速度,减小了能流角。综合来看,其机电耦合系数仍明显高于传统压电材料,而声表面波相速度则明显低于传统压电材料。这有利于增加声表面波器件的带宽并减小器件尺寸。因此铌铟酸铅-铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅单晶具有较优异的声表面波性能和较好的温度稳定性。     

Devices based on surface acoustic waves for temperature sensors

Temperature dependences of the central frequency and intrinsic loss of delay line based on surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are measured in a temperature interval of 10–300°C for langasite acoustic line and two-input SAW cavity with the acoustic line made of black lithium niobate that have central frequencies of about 342 and 427 MHz, respectively, at room temperature. The application of such SAW devices in temperature sensors at temperatures of no greater than 300°C with the frequency-domain input signal is considered. A method for monitoring of minor temperature variations at a sensitivity of 0.001°C using SAW cavities with the acoustic line made of black lithium niobate is proposed and experimentally tested.     

对称结构光子晶体的表面光学Tamm态

利用传输矩阵理论和等效原理,从能级的角度研究对称结构光子晶体表面光学Tamm态,结果表明:当光子晶体的排列周期无限大时,入射介质与光子晶体间不满足阻抗匹配条件,从而不出现表面光学Tamm态;当光子晶体被截断成有限周期时,其表面可支持表面光学Tamm态的存在,且轴向传播时通带中出现TM和TE偏振的能级简并现象,离轴传播时从通带边缘分离出来的非简并能级被局域于光子晶体表面而形成了表面光学Tamm态;当光子晶体截断参数与最外层高折射率介质匹配时,容易形成束缚性较强的表面光学Tamm态,与最外层低折射率介质匹配时,则难以实现表面光学Tamm态;通过ATR全反射技术对光子晶体表面态进行激发可观察到被激发的耦合共振吸收现象。对称结构光子晶体表面光学Tamm态的特性可为光子晶体光波导和表面波传感器的研究和设计提供指导。     

电磁波在周期性结构星型波导中的传输特性

提出一种新型波导结构,在二维周期性结构平板介质中引入两条线缺陷形成星型波导,在波导中加入介电常数不同的介质点阵形成缺陷,采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)对该结构的导波特性进行数值模拟。计算结果表明,该星型结构波导的透射频谱比入射波频谱的带宽更窄,说明此结构具有窄带滤波作用。当改变该星型波导中缺陷结构介电常数取值时,透射过该波导的电磁波中心频率随缺陷介质介电常数的增大而减小,呈良好的线性关系。当改变中心介质柱直径时,透射电磁波的中心频率随缺陷介质柱直径的增大而减小。这种周期性结构星型波导可作为一种窄带滤波和选频器件。     

圆柱固 液结构声子晶体的全反射隧穿效应

为了研究一维固-液结构圆柱形声子晶体中弹性波的全反射隧穿效应,利用转移矩阵法计算了弹性波在大于全反射角入射一维圆柱形声子晶体的透射率。在透射波中发现了全反射隧穿效应,得出了全反射隧穿峰的频率随模式量子数的变化特征,全反射隧穿峰的频率随圆柱半径的的变化特征,全反射隧穿峰的峰数随周期数的变化特征。并利用波的量子理论和倏逝波的理论对一维声子晶体的隧穿效应作出了定性的理论解释。     

利用频率选择表面改善微波吸收材料S波段的吸波性能

研究了如何利用金属周期性频率选择表面(FSS)的频率特性来改善微波吸收材料S波段的吸波性能。利用频率选择表面的等效电路和传输线理论分析了FSS和吸波材料涂层双层结构的微波反射特性。采用基于有限元方法的电磁波全波分析软件设计并仿真分析了FSS的结构和尺寸,实际制作了FSS和吸波材料涂层双层结构,测量了微波反射性能。理论分析和实验研究表明,利用FSS可以明显改善吸波材料涂层S波段的吸波性能,展宽涂层的吸波带宽,从而改善吸波材料的低频吸波性能。