OMMT对PA1212/PP共混物形态结构与力学性能的影响

通过熔融挤出法制备了尼龙1212 (PA1212)/聚丙烯(PP)(质量比70/30)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)共混物.采用广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等研究了OMMT在PA1212/PP共混物中的分布状态及其对PA1212/PP共混物形态结构与力学性能的影响.结果表明:在PA1212/PP/OMMT共混体系中,OMMT用量较低时,主要为剥离形态分布,当OMMT用量为7 phr时,OMMT片层主要为插层结构;随OMMT用量的增加,PP分散相尺寸逐渐减小,PA1212/PP/OMMT共混体系的强度逐渐提高,缺口冲击强度呈下降趋势.     

蒙脱土在部分聚合物及其合金中的剥离和分布特性

通过广角X射线衍射(WAXD)和透射电镜(TEM)研究有机蒙脱土(OMMT)在PVC、ABS、PA1212基体和PVC/ABS/OMMT、PVC/PA1212/OMMT纳米复合体系中的剥离程度和分布情况.结果表明:OMMT以剥离的形式分散在PVC、PA1212基体中,分布比较均匀;以部分剥离插层结构呈粗大的团聚体形式分散在ABS基体中,且分布不均衡;OMMT在聚合物合金中的分布存在选择性,在PVC/ABS/OMMT纳米复合体系中,OMMT从分散相ABS迁移至两相界面和基体相PVC,最终选择性分布在基体相PVC和两相界面,在分散相ABS中只有很少的分布;在PVC/PA1212/OMMT纳米复合体系中,OMMT选择性分布在分散相PA1212中,在基体相PVC中,几乎看不到OMMT片层.     

ABS/OMMT、PA6/OMMT复合材料形态及性能

熔融挤出制备了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)含量不同的ABS/OMMT,PA6/OMMT复合材料,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等仪器研究OMMT分别在ABS、PA6基体中的分布情况及对其力学性能的影响.结果表明:在ABS/OMMT复合材料中,OMMT主要为插层结构,大部分OMMT片层以聚集状态存在;而对PA6/OMMT复合材料,OMMT片层主要以剥离形态分布在PA6基体相中;随着OMMT含量增加,ABS/OMMT复合材料的拉伸、弯曲强度及弯曲模量都先上升后下降,且当OMMT含量在3份时性能较好,其缺口冲击强度呈下降趋势;PA6/OMMT复合材料在OMMT含量为3份时,其拉伸、弯曲强度和弯曲模量都出现极值现象,而缺口冲击强度线性降低.由于OMMT与PA6有较好的亲和力,在PA6中分散性较好,使PA6/OMMT复合材料的综合力学性能比ABS/OMMT复合材料的优异.     

PP/PEO/OMMT复合材料微观形态及力学性能研究

通过熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/聚氧化乙烯(PEO)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料,采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和力学性能测试表征了该复合材料的微观形态和力学性能。结果表明:OMMT选择性分布在PEO中及PP、PEO两相边界处,PP中只有少量OMMT存在;随着OMMT含量的增加,PEO分散相尺寸逐渐减小,且分布均匀;PP/PEO/OMMT复合材料的拉伸强度随OMMT含量的增加呈增大趋势,缺口冲击强度在OMMT含量为3%时出现极大值4.379kJ/m2。     

PBA/OMMT制备及其对PA6力学性能的影响

用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)将Na基蒙脱土(MMT)改性成有机蒙脱土(OMMT),采用原位聚合法制备了聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)/OMMT,并将其按适当比例添加到尼龙6(PA6)中。通过红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪等表征了OMMT、PBA/OMMT的结构,并检测了PA6/PBA/OMMT复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:添加5%的PBA/OMMT后,PA6/PBA/OMMT复合材料的拉伸强度提高了23.1%,缺口冲击强度的降低幅度有所减缓。     

PA/POE/OMMT复合材料的制备及性能研究

分别以三种常用的尼龙(PA6,PA1010,PA11)为基体树脂,以乙烯–辛烯共聚物(POE)和有机改性蒙脱土(OMMT)为增韧增强改性剂,采用熔融共混方法制备了PA/POE/OMMT复合材料,并研究了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明,当OMMT的添加量为3%时,三种复合材料(PA6/POE/OMMT,PA1010/POE/OMMT,PA11/POE/OMMT)的综合力学性能最佳,复合材料的冲击强度达到56.14,53.15,59.09 kJ/m2,分别为纯PA树脂的10.3,6.5,6.0倍。     

尼龙1010/十八烷基胺插层蒙脱土纳米复合材料研究

通过熔融加工制备了尼龙1010(PA1010)/十八烷基胺插层蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料。研究了OMMT含量对PA1010/OMMT纳米复合材料力学性能的影响。当OMMT质量分数为2%时,该纳米复合材料的综合力学性能达到最优。用TG、DMTA、DSC等分析方法对材料的热稳定性、结晶性能等进行了分析表征。结果表明,OMMT的加入提高了纳米复合材料的结晶温度、玻璃化转变温度和储能模量,但纳米复合材料的热稳定性稍有降低。     

有机蒙脱土对聚氯乙烯/丁腈橡胶纳米复合材料结构与性能的影响

采用熔融插层法制备了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/聚氯乙烯(PVC)/丁腈橡胶(NBR)纳米复合材料,研究了复合材料的结构,考察了OMMT填充量对复合材料物理机械性能、耐热性能及耐溶剂性能的影响。结果表明,OMMT在复合材料中实现了纳米级分散,且极性PVC大分子在剪切力和热的作用下插入OMMT层间,形成PVC-OMMT纳米复合材料;随着OMMT填充量的增加,OMMT/PVC/NBR纳米复合材料的拉伸强度、300%定伸应力均先升高后降低,扯断伸长率降低,邵尔A硬度和永久变形呈增大的趋势,回弹性变化不大,耐溶剂性能先提高后降低;OMMT/PVC/NBR复合材料的耐热性能优于未填充OMMT复合材料。     

NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

采用乳液共沉法和直接混炼法制备NBR/PVC/有机蒙脱土（OMMT）纳米复合材料,研究纳米复合材料的硫化特性、微观结构、动态力学性能和热稳定性.结果表明,OMMT能够显著促进NBR的硫化反应,使NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料的焦烧时间和正硫化时间明显缩短;乳液共沉法和直接混炼法NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料是插层型纳米复合材料,乳液共沉法NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料中的OMMT分散更为均匀,其储能模量、玻璃化温度和热分解温度均高于NBR/PVC共混物和直接混炼法NBR/PVC/OMMT纳米复合材料,具有较好的动态力学性能和热稳定性.     

尼龙6/纳米蒙脱土复合材料制备及性能研究

利用活化处理的纳米蒙脱土(OMMT),通过原位插层聚合原理,控制聚合温度、压力、时间等,在聚合管实现连续化稳定制备剥离型尼龙6(PA6)/纳米OMMT复合材料;采用熔融纺丝法制得PA6/纳米OMMT复合纤维;利用X射线衍射、透射电镜(TEM)等方法分析复合材料的结构与性能。结果表明:聚合时控制水与己内酰胺质量比为3%～5%,前聚压力不超过0.4 MPa,后聚压力小于-0.040 MPa,聚合温度240～280℃,聚合时间26～30 h,可制得相对分子质量为18 000～18 600,单体质量分数小于1.6%,含水率小于450μg/g的PA6/纳米OMMT切片;TEM分析表明,纳米OMMT在PA6基体均匀分散;复合材料的力学性能有较大幅度的提高,断裂强度达102.15 MPa,比纯PA6提高了12%;PA6/纳米OMMT复合纤维性能优异,适合轮胎骨架材料的制备要求。     

PC/ABS多相体系的制备及性能研究

用熔融挤出的方法制备了聚碳酸酯（PC）／N烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）／有机蒙脱土（OMMT）合金，考察了OMMT用量对PC／ABS合金力学性能和加工性能的影响，观察了其相分布和OMMT的分散情况以及冲击断面的形貌，并分析了机理。结果发现．ABS相分散在PC基体中．绝大部分的OMMT分散在ABS相中，且部分呈纳米级分散；固定PC／ABS质量比为70／30，加入OMMT后体系的拉仲强度变化不大，冲击强度降低较大；OMMT用量为2phr时，弯曲性能最佳；随着蒙脱土用量的增加，熔体质量流动速率（MFR）先增大后降低，在OMMT用量为5phr时．流动性最好。     

尼龙6/有机蒙脱土阻燃复合材料的结构与性能

将尼龙6、有机蒙脱土和阻燃剂（氢氧化镁、氨基硅油、十溴联苯醚和三氧化二锑、三聚氰胺焦磷酸盐、三聚氰胺磷酸盐）通过熔融插层法直接制备了尼龙6／有机蒙脱土阻燃复合材料。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、力学性能测试、极限氧指数（LOI）测试研究了蒙脱土在复合材料内的分散、复合材料的力学性能以及阻燃性能。结果表明：氨基硅油与有机蒙脱土具有阻燃协同效应,当氨基硅油和有机蒙脱土质量分数分别为2％和5％时,复合材料的LOI高达34％。氢氧化镁、氨基硅油与有机蒙脱土三者具有极强的阻燃协同效应,当氢氧化镁用量分别为30％、40％、50％时,阻燃复合材料的LOI分别为63％、60％、70％。     

Solid‐state mechanical properties of polypropylene/nylon 6/clay nanocomposites

The mechanical and thermomechanical properties as well as microstructures of polypropylene/nylon 6/clay nanocomposites prepared by varying the loading of PP‐MA compatibilizer and organoclay (OMMT) were investigated. The compatibilizer PP‐MA was used to improve the adhesion between the phases of polymers and the dispersion of OMMT in polymer matrix. Improvement of interfacial adhesion between the PP and PA6 phases occurred after the addition of PP‐MA as confirmed by SEM micrographs. Moreover, as shown by the DSC thermograms and XRD results, the degree of crystallinity of PA6 decreased in the presence of PP‐MA. The presence of OMMT increased the tensile modulus as a function of OMMT loading due to the good dispersion of OMMT in the matrix. The insertion of polymer chains between clay platelets was verified by both XRD and TEM techniques. The viscosity of the nanocomposites decreased as PP‐MA loading increased due to the change in sizes of PA6 dispersed phase, and the viscosity increased as OMMT loading increased due to the interaction between the clay platelets and polymer chains. The clay platelets were located at the interface between PP and PA6 as confirmed by both SEM and TEM. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Phase morphology evolution and compatibilization of immiscible polyamide 6/polystyrene blends using nano‐montmorillonite

Nanocomposites of organic nano‐montmorillonite (nano‐OMMT)‐filled immiscible polyamide 6 (PA6)/polystyrene (PS) blends were prepared by three different processing methods. Masterbatch M1 of OMMT/PA6 and masterbatch M2 of OMMT/PS were prepared as separate masterbatchs by melt mixing with PA6 or PS, and then either mixed together or each mixed individually with appropriate amounts of PS or PA6, respectively. The effects of nano‐OMMT content and processing method on the structure, phase morphology, and mechanical properties of the PA6/PS/OMMT nanocomposites were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical properties tests. The results showed that the nano‐OMMT by M1 and M2 masterbatches dispersed primarily as exfoliated platelets in the PA6 matrix in the final composites regardless of the method of preparation. A drastic decrease of dispersed PS phase size and a very homogeneous size distribution were observed with the addition of nano‐OMMT. The PA6/PS/OMMT nanocomposites prepared from the M2 displayed the smallest dispersed PS phase size and best distribution of OMMT. The improvement of the mechanical properties of the PA6/PS/OMMT nanocomposites was attributed to the enhanced compatibilization of the immiscible PA6/PS blends by using nano‐OMMT. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Morphology,mechanical properties,and thermal stability of rigid PVC/clay nanocomposites

PVC/Poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/organophilic‐montmorillonite (OMMT) and PVC/Polylactide (PLA)/OMMT nanocomposites were prepared by a two‐step process. PCL/OMMT and PLA/OMMT master batches were prepared by melt blending using a two‐roller mill first, and then they were blended with PVC via extrusion. PVC/OMMT nanocomposites were also prepared using a two‐roller mill. Morphology, mechanical properties, and thermal stability were investigated. The formation of exfoliated or intercalated nanocomposites was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Only the PVC/PCL/OMMT nanocomposite showed both higher tensile strength and stiffness than unfilled PVC. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated dependency of this behavior not only on the clay dispersion, but also on the adhesion between the OMMT and the polymer matrix. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the large plastic deformation of the PVC/PCL matrix also contributed to the strength increase of the PVC nanocomposites. The effect of PCL/OMMT on the improvement of the thermal stability of PVC was remarkable while the effect of PLA/OMMT was moderate. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

球磨法制备POE-g-MAH/OMMT增韧母粒及其对PA6增韧改性

通过球磨法制备马来酸酐接枝(乙烯-辛烯)共聚物(POE-g-MAH)／有机化蒙脱土(OMMT)增韧母粒,并将其用于尼龙(PA)6的增韧改性.结果表明,球磨法制备的POE-g-MAH/OMMT增韧母粒尺寸比较均匀,有少量POE-g-MAH进入OM MT片层之间,导致OMMT片层间距有所增加.POE-g-MAH/OMMT增...     

Effects of surface modification of carbon nanofibers on the mechanical properties of polyamide 1212 composites

In this study, the effects of carbon nanofiber (CNF) surface modification on mechanical properties of polyamide 1212 (PA1212)/CNFs composites were investigated. CNFs grafted with ethylenediamine (CNF‐g‐EDA), and CNFs grafted with polyethyleneimine (CNF‐g‐PEI) were prepared and characterized. The mechanical properties of the PA1212/CNFs composites were reinforced efficiently with addition of 0.3 wt % modified CNFs after drawing. The reinforcing effect of the drawn composites was investigated in terms of interfacial interaction, crystal orientation, crystallization properties and so on. After the surface modification of CNFs, the interfacial adhesion and dispersion of CNFs in PA1212 matrix were improved, especially for CNF‐g‐PEI. The improved interfacial adhesion and dispersion of CNFs in PA1212 matrix was beneficial to reinforcement of the composites. Compared with pure PA1212, improved degree of crystal orientation in the PA1212/CNF‐g‐PEI (CNF‐g‐EDA) composites was responsible for reinforcement of mechanical properties after drawing. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41424.