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金宝山铂钯浮选精矿几种处理工艺的讨论 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
云南金宝山铂矿是我国目前发现的第一个具有工业开采价值的原生铂矿。已公开报道的处理其浮选精矿的冶炼工艺包括:微波加热或硫酸熟化预处理后湿法提取铂钯;火法造锍熔炼富集后再湿法处理高镍锍或低镍锍;直接加压氧化酸浸后加压氰化浸出铂钯。本文对上述几种工艺进行了比较讨论。指出:工艺方案一存在化学试剂耗量大,有害气体污染环境,Cu,Ni,Co难于分离和Pt,Pd浸出率低等缺点;工艺方案二则工序繁冗,能耗高,污染严重,周期长,贵金属富集物品位低,经济上难以创效;工艺方案三更适合处理金宝山铂钯浮选精矿,且具有铂钯回收指标高、工序短、成本低、无SO2污染等优点。加压氧化酸浸后进行加压氰化的全湿法新工艺突破了处理含铂族金属硫化矿只有采用火法熔炼才能有效地捕集铂族金属的传统观点,对提高金宝山铂矿资源的综合利用水平具有重要意义。 相似文献
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难浸金矿氰化预处理工艺的进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
就国内近年来发表的难浸金矿氰化预处理工艺进展情况进行总结介绍,并略加评论,为难浸金矿氰化达到最优化的技术经济指标提供保证,为提高难浸金矿氰化浸出率提供研究和处理方向。 相似文献
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难浸金矿是今后黄金工业发展主要依托的资源。近10多年来,对难浸金矿的预处理和随后的氰化提金进行了大量的研究与开发工作,其中氧化焙烧、湿法加压氧化和微生物氧化的三种预处理方法已得到了工业应用。简要评述了难浸金矿氰化提金的现状与问题。 相似文献
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随着黄金需求量的不断增加及易处理金矿资源的日益减少, 难处理金矿逐渐成为黄金产业的主要资源来源.为使难处理金矿能够合理、高效地开发利用, 对难处理金矿进行了简要概述和分类, 并阐述其难处理的原因.采用传统的氰化法浸出难处理金矿, 其浸出效果差, 且氰化物有剧毒, 严重污染环境及危害人体健康.为实现难处理金矿的高效、环保浸出, 非氰化法浸出难处理金矿受到广泛关注.重点介绍了硫代硫酸盐法、硫氰酸盐法、硫脲法、多硫化物及石硫合剂法、液氯化法五种非氰浸金方法的浸金原理及在难处理金矿方面的最新研究进展.基于非氰浸金方法存在的浸出体系复杂、浸出剂性质不稳定及消耗量大等问题, 展望了非氰浸金技术的发展方向. 相似文献
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难浸金矿石的处理方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文综述和评论了近年来文献中所报导的难浸金矿石的处理方法。难浸金矿石的直接浸出包括加压氰化,炭浸和非氰化浸出法;在传统氰化浸出之前进行的预处理过程包括焙烧,化学氧化和生物氧化。对各种处理方法的发展状况,适应性及可行性给予了必要的讨论。 相似文献
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提出了金银等贵金属在氰化等浸出过程中原电池抑制和催化作用的机理,首次提出了控制被矿物脉石包裹的金银粒子表面上的电位,使金表面上有利于阳极溶解过程,同时使氧的阴极还原集中于包裹的矿物脉石及其产物表面上。因而既提高了贵金属浸出速度,又阻碍或抑制了矿物脉石的溶解,从而降低了试剂的消耗。这种电化学催化新工艺,原则上适用于所有氧化还原浸出过程,特别适用于难用常规氰化处理的顽固金矿或金精矿。 相似文献
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C. A. Fleming 《Hydrometallurgy》1992,30(1-3)
The hydrometallurgical process for the treatment of gold and silver ores remained unchanged for the first 70 years of this century, and consisted essentially of leaching in cyanide solution followed by solid-liquid separation, with the solid residues being washed as efficiently as possible, and the leach liquor being treated by zinc cementation to recover the precious metals. White this process is generally extremely efficient and fairly cheap, it does have limitations in the treatment of low-grade ores and certain complex ore types. For example, ores with a high content of clay or other soft, fine minerals are usually difficult to filter, and losses of soluble gold or silver in the residues can be unacceptably high. In other situations, where the precious metal host rock contains high concentrations of sulphides such as pyrite or arsenopyrite, for example, or base-metal oxides or carbonates, the traditional process often suffers from poor gold recovery (due to encapsulation of the precious metals in the sulphides) or high cyanide consumption, or both of these. Whereas these occurrences were fairly rare (or were avoided!) in the first half of this century, they are now assuming great importance, and each year a higher percentage of world gold production derives from sources such as these.A number of new hydrometallurgical processes have been developed and implemented in the gold industry in the last 20 years, and these have transformed gold processing into a chemical “high tech” industry, and have allowed increasingly complex ore types and progressively lower grades of ore to be treated economically. As a result, in a period when gold production might have been expected to decline, world-wide production has almost doubled over the two decades.This paper describes the traditional cyanidation and zinc cementation processes, but focuses on the new developments in the industry. In particular, new leaching technologies such as heap leaching for low-grade ores and pressure leaching for refractory sulphide ores are discussed, as well as the carbon-in-pulp and carbon-in-leach processes that have effectively replaced filtration and countercurrent decantation on almost every gold plant built since 1980. Some emerging technologies such as bacterial leaching and resin-in-pulp are also discussed briefly. 相似文献
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ROBERT M. HUNTER FRANK M. STEWART TAMARA OARSOW MACGREGOR L. FOGELSONG DAVID W. MOGK EDWIN H. ABBOTT 《Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review》2013,34(1):183-197
Abstract Metallurgists have long sought cost-effective techniques for recovering precious metals from their ores. They are increasingly called upon to design processes for ores refractory to conventional recovery techniques. Adding environmental costs (including site remediation) to the total cost of mining has also stimulated a search for alternative to conventional processes. This paper describes progress in development of an alternative to cyanidation, bisulfide leaching, for extracting gold, silver from refractory ores and concentrates. While bisulfide leaching can be implemented abiolically, significant benefits accrue from its practice as a bioprocess integrating precious-metals liberation and extraction steps. Bisulfide leaching appears to offer advantages over the traditional cyanidation process, including lower reagent costs and toxicity as well as an ability to leach “preg-robbing” ores and other ores not amenable to cyanidation. Bisulfide leaching may also offer advantages over cyanidation for selective dissolution of precious metals from base-metal concentrates. 相似文献
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氰化浸出工艺至今仍是占绝对统治地位的提金方法,金矿石中常常伴生含量不等的各类杂质金属矿物,导致氰化物消耗和氰化尾液中氰化物含量显著增加。目前普遍应用的氰化废水净化工艺对处理简单的含游离氰化物的废水是非常有效的。如果矿石中存在其他有价金属如铜等,则氰化物将流失于尾矿、尾渣中难以有效回收,杂质元素的存在增加了氰化物的消耗,严重时甚至使整个金氰化回收工艺失效。针对黄金矿山含氰废水的性质和特点,已研究开发了多种回收技术和方法。由于各种杂质金属的累积效应,含氰废水直接返回工艺通常很难实现。AVR法及由此技术衍生的方法如硫化物沉淀技术生产成本较高、且不能有效回收含氰废液中的有价金属。受制于对氰化物的吸附能力,活性炭只能处理低氰废水。树脂吸附和溶剂萃取工艺可以针对含氰废水性质进行合理的选择性设计,但通常生产成本较高,操作工序繁琐复杂。采用液膜和其他如渗析法等技术仍然处于实验室研究阶段,能够有效应用于工业实践的氰化废液回收技术仍有待开发。 相似文献