急倾斜煤层开采与开拓巷硐群扰动效应数值模拟分析

针对王家山煤矿急倾斜煤层开采与开拓巷硐群工程越界对地方煤矿安全开采问题,建立了急倾斜煤层开采与开拓巷硐群数值计算模型,分析了覆岩移动变形与应力演化规律。研究结果表明：急倾斜煤层开采,采空区上方煤层先破坏、垮落,顶板沿层理面法向发生弯曲、离层,采空区上部煤体先垮落,呈拱形结构,抑制了上覆煤岩体向采空区的垮落和移动;工作面采高5.2m,顶板发生垮落,底板也会发生滑移,顶板一侧的沉陷大于底板一侧的,在底板一侧出现断崖式现象,但垮落带发育高度小于工作面距井田边界的距离;巷硐群最大位移均发生在泥岩、煤层等软弱岩层以及断层破碎带区域,其扰动效应增加;在软弱岩层时巷道最大影响圈边界增加,影响边界贯通,但最大裂隙带高度为11.5m,裂隙带上脚未发育至井田边界标高。因此,工作面开采与开拓巷硐群对地方煤矿开采没有影响。     

急倾斜煤层浅部开采顶板破断致灾原理与控制

为掌握急倾斜煤层浅部开采时顶板的破断规律,确保水平分段综放开采时的安全生产,采用物理相似模拟实验研究急倾斜煤层浅部开采时顶板的垮落规律,通过力学建模分析顶板垮落的条件,运用3DEC对人工爆破强制放顶的效果进行了数值模拟与分析。研究结果表明:浅部开采时急倾斜煤层的顶板不易垮落,容易出现大面积悬顶现象。工作面上方覆岩大面积垮落,产生冲击矿压,危害工作面安全生产;而在第一分段、第二分段回采过程中采用强制放顶的措施可以有效削减顶板的势能,顶板垮落后形成的覆浮矸垫层也可以保证急倾斜煤层下分段的生产安全。     

急倾斜煤层深部开采岩层移动数值模拟研究

岩层移动规律随地质采矿条件的不同而存在较大差别。采用离散元数值模拟方法,结合唐山马家沟矿具体条件,研究了急倾斜煤层深部开采岩层移动规律与机理。研究表明:急倾斜煤层深部开采岩层移动垮落带发育到一定高度终止,其上位岩层以法向弯曲移动为主;采空区上方形成铰接岩梁结构,顶板岩层呈双端固支的梁弯曲,从而减缓了地表的变形。研究结论对于深部三下开采具有指导意义。     

水体下急倾斜煤层开采覆岩破断规律

为了给水体下急倾斜煤层开采防水煤柱的留设提供依据,采用数值计算和相似模拟的方法,考虑顶板水与岩层的耦合作用,对水体下急倾斜煤层开采的覆岩破断和导水裂隙的演化规律进行了研究,结果表明急倾斜煤层顶板的垮落沿工作面方向呈不对称分布,直接顶垮落后向下移动,工作面的上端形成冒落空洞;顶板在采空区上下边界煤柱侧断裂形成的断裂线随着垮落层位的增高而向上山方向移动;在顶板垮落初期,主要是沿煤层法线方向的移动,垮落后期顶板向下抽冒特征明显;导水裂隙的产生在竖直方向上的发育高度大于垂直岩层方向,同时沿煤层产生一定深度的裂隙漏斗。研究结论为水体下急倾斜煤层开采时防水煤岩柱的留设提供借鉴。     

急倾斜短壁综放采场围岩采动应力演化规律

以新疆龙泉煤矿3-3c急倾斜煤层水平分段短壁综放开采为工程背景,通过物理相似模拟实验和数值计算相结合的研究方法,分析了多分段采场围岩变形破坏规律,量化表征了第一主应力大小、方向演化特征,揭示了采动应力传递演化机理,确定了急倾斜煤层短壁综放开采合理阶段高度。研究结果表明：急倾斜煤层短壁综放采场围岩应力传递路径呈非对称偏转特征,沿采空区上方顶板形成非对称应力包络拱,采空区倾斜中上部岩体应力释放,分段底部靠近顶板侧岩体应力集中。开采一分段至三分段过程中,顶板垮落高度与裂隙发育增幅较小,应力拱高度与采高比值相近,第一主应力集中峰值较小、应力偏转程度较低,多分段采场围岩结构稳定性较好。开采至四分段,顶板发生大面积垮落,垮落矸石冲击底板诱发滑移破坏,发生围岩大范围链式灾害,应力拱高度突增,拱高与采高比值增大。确定合理阶段高度为3个分段高度30 m左右,能有效防止围岩失稳突变诱发链式灾害,从源头消弭采场动力灾害的产生。     

急倾斜煤层充填开采覆岩运移规律模拟试验研究

以木城涧煤矿大台井845工作面为背景,利用聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料作为充填体,采取随采随充的方式,对急倾斜煤层矸石充填开采过程进行了相似模拟实验,研究了急倾斜煤层充填开采的覆岩运移规律。研究表明:急倾斜煤层充填开采过程中,顶板不易垮落,采空区上部岩层存在冒落带和裂隙带等两带区域,最终形成倾斜的非对称的梯形冒落拱;聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料块可以较好的模拟松散矸石的块体堆积,起到支撑和让压作用;随采随充的充填开采方式把握了充填时机,有效地控制了顶底板的裂隙扩展和应力集中,降低了顶底板变形速度和变形量,避免了围岩冲击,完善了急倾斜煤层采煤法。     

急倾斜特厚煤层开采相似材料模拟试验研究

为了探究坚硬顶板急倾斜特厚煤层在未强制放顶条件下,采用水平分段放顶煤方式开采时围岩的运动和裂隙发育规律,采用相似材料模拟的方法进行了研究。通过低强度正交配比试验,确定煤层配比为水泥∶砂子∶水∶活性炭∶煤=6∶6∶7∶1.1∶79.9,所制煤层密度为0.913g/cm3,单轴抗压强度为0.076 MPa,符合相似理论的要求和现场实际情况。相似材料模拟试验结果表明:工作面开采2~3个水平后上覆岩层才会发生大面积的整体垮落;在埋深较浅的水平,上覆岩层垮落前形成整体结构协调运动,在埋藏较深的水平,顶板在各个水平发生较小程度的垮落,相邻水平之间能够形成铰接结构;进入深部开采水平后,各水平开采后顶板随之发生破坏并垮落;顶板离层及裂隙发育规律与顶板运移和垮落规律有较强的一致性;开采水平底板煤层接近岩石底板一侧的应力卸压程度要高于接近岩石顶板的一侧,开采层下部煤层显著卸压深度约为15 m。     

急斜煤层阶段煤柱稳定性与顶板控制研究

为了保证急倾斜煤层综放时的生产安全,采用物理相似模拟实验对急斜煤层水平分段放顶煤开采时顶板的破断垮落规律和煤柱与顶底板的一体结构进行了研究。研究结果表明,在阶段煤柱的支撑下,急斜煤层的顶板极难垮落,很容易出现大面积悬顶现象。而阶段煤柱的连锁破坏,加速了工作面上方巨厚覆岩的大面积垮落,最终导致矿震。     

膏体充填顶板破坏特征及实测分析

煤层在开采过程中导致顶板垮落,导水裂隙随着工作面的不断推进,裂隙发育高度不断增加,当煤层顶板有水体存在时,对顶板的垮落控制尤为重要。文章以赵楼煤矿2301工作面顶底板地质条件为背景,研究充填开采条件下煤层顶板破坏高度,并对赵楼煤矿2301工作面的顶板破坏特征进行实测分析。     

急倾斜煤层端面顶板稳定性分析

急倾斜顶板矿压显现规律复杂,并且急倾斜煤层在形成过程中由于受到构造运动的强烈挤压,煤层及其顶底板中节理、裂隙等软弱面比较发育,易失稳垮落,支护不当时易发生片帮与冒顶事故。针对急倾斜煤层开采端面顶板破碎情况严重影响安全生产,以陈蛮庄煤矿3402工作面为工程背景,进行顶板孔观测、构建顶板力学模型、理论分析、数值模拟等,进一步分析了急倾斜煤层端面顶板稳定性。研究结果表明:急倾斜煤层工作面顶板比较破碎,易造成顶板垮落事故,影响液压支架的支护能力,进而引起频繁的煤壁片帮,造成安全事故;工作面上部由于充填不充分,应力集中程度仍然随着工作面推进距离的增加而增大。造成急倾斜煤层端面顶板破坏程度较严重;针对急倾斜煤层端面顶板破断特征规律,通过建立急倾斜煤层采场的物理模型,经过理论公式计算出顶板初次来压步距L,最大拉应力与顶板岩层抗拉强度比较得出急倾斜煤层顶板破碎的根本原因。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

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矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片ANSYS模态分析及应用

高效节能矿用防爆对旋主要通风机的叶片是主要通风机运行的关键部件,叶片在运行时不断受到气流的作用力,从而使叶片产生振动,当叶片振动的频率与叶片的固有频率接近时,容易产生共振从而导致叶片的断裂。一旦叶片断裂时,对主要通风机的安全运行产生致命的影响,从而导致矿山、化工等企业发生重大事故,将会产生不可估量的损失。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,对高效节能矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片进行模态分析及产生对应的六阶模态频率,对主要通风机叶片的运行频率、固有频率及产生的共振问题进行了原理分析,并且解决了叶片频率共振的问题,从而为主要通风机叶片结构设计提供理论依据,并对主要通风机叶片的安全运行提供保障。     

2013 NdFeB export analysis

<正>China totally exported nearly 24,000 tonsof NdFeB products during 201 3,including 18,825 tons of permanent magnet,valued USD 1.34 billion at an average price of 71.4 USD/kg;3,277 tons of NdFeB magnetic powder,valued USD 1 01 million at an average price of 30.9 USD/kg;1,334 tons of strip casting ribbon,with total export value of USD 74million at an average price of 55.3 USD/kg;and 586