基于核空间的Otsu阈值法

为了改善传统Otsu分割方法的分割性能,提出了一种基于核空问函数变换的崭新Otsu闲值化分割方法.该方法首先利用再生核空间的核函数将低维空间的样本映射到高维空间,其样本之间的差异性度量采用基于棱函数的距离测度;其次得到了一种基于核空间距离的最小二乘法并采用迭代法来估计样本均值;曩后得到了基于核函数距离和一维直方图相结合的最小偏差图像阈值化分割方法,将其简称为核空阍Otsu闲值法.实验结果表明,基于核空间的Otsu法相对传统Otsu法有更好的分割性能.     

基于严格等价函数的区间二型模糊熵及其图像阈值分割方法

文中利用严格等价函数提出一种基于区间二型模糊熵的图像阈值分割方法.首先基于公理化定义,利用严格定价函数提出一种区间二型模糊熵的构建方法,由此可以得到多个不同的模糊熵计算表达式;然后通过理论分析给出了利用最小化模糊熵准则选取最优阈值的方法.实验结果表明,与现有的其他模糊阈值分割法和改进的2维Otsu法等相比,该方法的分割更加准确,运行时间更少,具有更广泛的适应性.     

基于广义调和均值距离的图像分割新算法

提出了基于广义调和均值距离的最小偏差图像阈值化分割新算法。Otsu阈值法是图像分割中最典型阈值法之一,因其计算简单、速度快和性能稳定等优点而在图像分割中得到广泛应用;但是,传统Otsu阈值法是基于欧式距离的最小偏差阈值法,由于欧式距离没有可调节参数而导致Otsu阈值法分割图像缺乏鲁棒性。首先将Otsu图像分割法中的欧式距离用广义调和均值距离代替并得到一种具有鲁棒性的图像分割新算法,其次给出该算法中参数选取办法。大量实验结果表明,新的图像分割算法相比Otsu法更有效。     

加权调和平均型最大熵图像阈值选取法

基于最大熵阈值法可看成是目标和背景信息熵的算术平均,基于此给出一种基于目标和背景信息熵的调和平均的图像阈值分割方法.为了进一步增强该方法的分割性能,又给出加权调和平均型最大熵图像分割法以及权重参数的一种选取方法.加权调和平均型最大熵图像分割法通过计算图像中目标和背景的加权调和平均熵,寻找加权熵最大的灰度值作为图像的分割阈值.实验表明该方法可获得比传统熵阈值法更好的分割效果.     

基于卡方散度阈值方法的图像分割研究与实现

通过分析交叉熵阈值法的计算时间量较大的问题,提出了基于卡方散度的图像阈值化分割新准则,并从理论上分析了它与交叉熵阈值法的计算复杂性.实验结果表明,提出的图像分割准则是可行的,且计算所需时间比交叉熵阚值法有了明显减少,它对一定强度噪声干扰的图像比交叉熵法能获得更好的分割结果.     

改进的二维最小卡方散度图像分割方法

传统的交叉熵阈值法具有抗噪性能差,计算时间长等问题。为了改进算法的性能,提出了一种二维最小卡方散度图像阈值化分割新准则,构建了基于改进中值滤波的新型二维直方图。利用对称卡方散度描述分割前后图像之间的差异程度。使用关键阈值对滤波图像进行分割,达到最佳的分割效果。实验结果表明,与二维Otsu和二维最小交叉熵法相比,提出的方法不仅大大缩短了分割时间,而且分割性能与抗噪性能更强。     

基于灰度和非局部空间灰度特征的二维Otsu曲线阈值分割法

为了克服图像噪声对图像分割结果的影响,利用图像中与像素具有相似邻域结构的像素提取当前像素的非局部空间信息,构造了基于像素的灰度信息和非局部空间灰度信息的二维直方图,并将此二维直方图引入到Otsu曲线阈值分割法中,提出了基于灰度和非局部空间灰度特征的二维Otsu曲线阈值分割法。实验结果表明,该方法能进一步提高原始二维Otsu曲线阈值分割法对于图像噪声的鲁棒性,获得了更加理想的分割结果。     

分解的二维非对称Tsallis 交叉熵图像阈值选取

现有的Tsallis 交叉熵能够度量图像分割前后的差异,但公式复杂,计算效率不高,据此, 提出了基于分解的二维非对称Tsallis 交叉熵图像阈值选取方法。首先给出了非对称Tsallis 交叉熵的定 义,提出了一维非对称Tsallis 交叉熵阈值选取方法;然后,将其拓展到二维,推导出相应的阈值选取 公式;最后,在此基础上提出了二维非对称Tsallis交叉熵阈值选取的分解算法,使求解二维非对称Tsallis 交叉熵阈值法的运算转化到两个一维空间上,将计算复杂度从O(L4)降低为O(L)。大量实验结果表明, 与基于混沌粒子群优化的二维Tsallis 灰度熵法、二维斜分对称交叉熵法,二维斜分对称Tsallis 交叉熵 法等方法相比,该方法分割性能优,运行时间短,可望满足实际应用系统对分割的实时要求。     

2维对称交叉熵图像阈值分割

现有阈值分割方法中所用的交叉熵不满足距离度量对称性,且算法运行速度尚有提升空间,为此提出基于分解的2维对称交叉熵图像阈值分割方法。首先通过运用对称交叉熵描述分割前后图像之间的差异程度,分别导出1维和2维对称交叉熵阈值选取公式,给出相应的2维快速递推算法,计算复杂性由穷举搜索的O(L4)降到O(L2);然后将2维对称交叉熵法的运算转换到两个1维空间上,计算复杂性进一步降低到O(L)。实验结果表明,与现有的2维非对称交叉熵法相比,该方法具有更强的抗噪性,运行时间大幅减少,是一种更有效的2维交叉熵阈值分割方法。     

快速二维最小交叉Tsallis熵的图像阈值分割

目前二维最小交叉Tsallis熵阈值分割法有较好的分割性能,但由于计算复杂度高,使得分割速度慢。针对此问题,提出了一种基于二维最小交叉Tsallis熵的快速图像分割方法。首先对二维最小交叉Tsallis熵法公式进行推导找出需要递推的几个量,然后对二维直方图投影进行分析得到二维直方图的特性;最后利用此特性导出新型的快速递推算法来减少计算时间。实验结果表明:相对于当前二维最小交叉Tsallis熵阈值法,提出的方法在保持分割效果的情况下,其速度提高了20倍以上,其运行时间小于0.2 s。     

An efficient method for multilevel color image thresholding using cuckoo search algorithm based on minimum cross entropy

Among various thresholding methods, minimum cross entropy is implemented for its effectiveness and simplicity. Although it is efficient and gives excellent result in case of bi-level thresholding, but its evaluation becomes computationally costly when extended to perform multilevel thresholding owing to the exhaustive search performed for the optimum threshold values. Therefore, in this paper, an efficient multilevel thresholding technique based on cuckoo search algorithm is adopted to render multilevel minimum cross entropy more practical and reduce the complexity. Experiments have been conducted over different color images including natural and satellite images exhibiting low resolution, complex backgrounds and poor illumination. The feasibility and efficiency of proposed approach is investigated through an extensive comparison with multilevel minimum cross entropy based methods that are optimized using artificial bee colony, bacterial foraging optimization, differential evolution, and wind driven optimization. In addition, the proposed approach is compared with thresholding techniques depending on between-class variance (Otsu) method and Tsalli’s entropy function. Experimental results based on qualitative results and different fidelity parameters depicts that the proposed approach selects optimum threshold values more efficiently and accurately as compared to other compared techniques and produces high quality of the segmented images.     

Maximum similarity thresholding

Otsu method is one of the most popular image thresholding methods. The segmentation results of Otsu method are in general acceptable for the gray level images with bimodal histogram patterns that can be approximated with mixture Gaussian modal. However, it is difficult for Otsu method to determine the reliable thresholds for the images with mixture non-Gaussian modal, such as mixture Rayleigh modal, mixture extreme value modal, mixture Beta modal, mixture uniform modal, comb-like modal. In order to determine automatically the robust and optimum thresholds for the images with various histogram patterns, this paper proposes a new global thresholding method based on a maximum-image-similarity idea. The idea is inspired by analyzing the relationship between Otsu method and Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), which provides a novel interpretation of Otsu method from the perspective of maximizing image similarity. It is then natural to construct a maximum similarity thresholding (MST) framework by generalizing Otsu method with the maximum-image-similarity concept. As an example, a novel MST method is directly designed according to this framework, and its robustness and effectiveness are confirmed by the experimental results on 41 synthetic images and 86 real world images with various histogram shapes. Its extension to multilevel thresholding case is also discussed briefly.     

Multi-objective and multi-level image thresholding based on dominance and diversity criteria

The Kapur and Otsu methods are widely used image thresholding approaches and they are very efficient in bi-level thresholding applications. Evolutionary algorithms have been developed to extend the Kapur and Otsu methods to the multi-level thresholding case. However, there remains an unsolved argument that neither Kapur nor Otsu objective can optimally fit diverse content contained in different kinds of images. This paper proposes a multi-objective model which seeks to find the Pareto-optimal set with respect to Kapur and Otsu objectives. Based on dominance and diversity criteria, we developed a hybrid multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) method by incorporating several intelligent search strategies. The ensemble strategy is also applied to automatically select the best search strategy to perform at various algorithm stages according to its historic performances. The experimental result shows that the solutions to our multi-objective model consistently produce equal or better segmentation results than those by the optimal solutions to the original Kapur and Otsu models, and that the proposed hybrid algorithm with and without the ensemble strategy produces a better approximation to the ideal Pareto front than those obtained by two other MOPSO variants and the MOEA/D. In comparison with the most recent multilevel thresholding methods, our approach also consistently obtains better performance in the segmentation result for several benchmark images.     

融合非局部空间灰度信息的三维Otsu法

为了提高最大类间方差阈值分割法(Otsu)对于图像噪声的鲁棒性,提出融合非局部空间灰度信息的三维Otsu法。该方法利用图像像素的灰度信息、邻域中值灰度信息和非局部空间灰度信息进行直方图统计,构建新颖的三维直方图,采用最大类间方差作为阈值选取准则。实验结果表明新方法对于噪声的鲁棒性要优于原始三维Otsu法,能够获得更加令人满意的分割结果。     

灰度图像二维Otsu折线阈值分割法

Otsu法是一个应用较为广泛的阈值分割方法。为实现图像较为精确的分割,充分考虑边界的影响,从二维线阈值分割替代传统的点阈值分割思想出发,提出了折线阈值型Otsu法。该方法以对边界信息的迭代分割的手段获得实际用于分割的二维折线阈值。仿真结果表明,该方法能够获得优于原始Otsu法的分割效果,特别适用于边缘丰富的图像分割,具有较好的分割普适性。     

Multilevel thresholding selection based on the artificial bee colony algorithm for image segmentation

Multilevel thresholding is an important technique for image processing and pattern recognition. The maximum entropy thresholding (MET) has been widely applied in the literature. In this paper, a new multilevel MET algorithm based on the technology of the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is proposed: the maximum entropy based artificial bee colony thresholding (MEABCT) method. Four different methods are compared to this proposed method: the particle swarm optimization (PSO), the hybrid cooperative-comprehensive learning based PSO algorithm (HCOCLPSO), the Fast Otsu’s method and the honey bee mating optimization (HBMO). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MEABCT algorithm can search for multiple thresholds which are very close to the optimal ones examined by the exhaustive search method. Compared to the other four thresholding methods, the segmentation results of using the MEABCT algorithm is the most, however, the computation time by using the MEABCT algorithm is shorter than that of the other four methods.     

A Context Sensitive Multilevel Thresholding Using Swarm Based Algorithms

In this paper, a comprehensive energy function is used to formulate the three most popular objective functions: Kapur's, Otsu and Tsalli's functions for performing effective multilevel color image thresholding. These new energy based objective criterions are further combined with the proficient search capability of swarm based algorithms to improve the efficiency and robustness. The proposed multilevel thresholding approach accurately determines the optimal threshold values by using generated energy curve, and acutely distinguishes different objects within the multi-channel complex images. The performance evaluation indices and experiments on different test images illustrate that Kapur's entropy aided with differential evolution and bacterial foraging optimization algorithm generates the most accurate and visually pleasing segmented images.