2Al2铝合金微弧氧化膜性能研究

采用Na2 WO4和Na2SO3电解液对2Al2铝合金进行微弧氧化,研究了微弧氧化陶瓷膜表面形貌、截面组织、显微硬度及耐磨性等性能.结果表明,微弧氧化表面处理可以在2Al2铝合金表面形成致密并与基体结合良好的陶瓷膜,Na2WO4溶液浓度对陶瓷膜颜色、表面形貌、致密度和显微硬度都有影响,但对于陶瓷膜成膜厚度没有显著影响.同时,在Na2SiO3电解液中添加Na2WO4将会导致陶瓷膜显微硬度的增加,而且随着与界面距离的增大,陶瓷膜显微硬度逐渐增加.     

硅酸盐体系中添加剂对微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的影响

在硅酸盐体系中,不同的添加剂KCrO3、KMnO4、KClO3、H2O2、Na2WO4等对铸造铝合金微弧氧化生成陶瓷膜的厚度、硬度、致密度有不同的影响。用光学显微镜、显微硬度计等仪器对陶瓷膜分析,结果表明:在其他条件相同情况下,陶瓷膜层随着添加剂的氧化性增强膜层厚度增加,硬度和致密度降低。     

铝合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷层的耐腐蚀性能

采用微弧氧化技术,以硅酸钠为主体配以Na2WQ、KOH、Na2EDTA辅助添加剂的电解液,在2A12铝合金表面原位生成陶瓷层,以提高铝合金的耐腐蚀性能.用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了微弧氧化陶瓷层的截面形貌和相结构;用显微硬度仪测量了陶瓷层的显微硬度;用CS300P型电化学腐蚀工作站在36 g/L的NaCl溶液中测试了陶瓷层的电化学腐蚀性能.结果表明:微弧氧化陶瓷层的厚度为4 μm,显微硬度达到683 HV,其相组成主要是α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3;铝合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷层提高了铝合金的耐腐蚀性能,使其腐蚀速率明显减慢.     

纳米蛇纹石/SiC颗粒微弧氧化改性柴油机铝合金活塞复合膜层摩擦学性能的影响

首先对纳米蛇纹石和Sic进行表征,并配置2种纳米粒子分散液,按1:1比列进行复配,将3种分散液加入电解液中,对ZL109铝合金试件进行微弧氧化处理,制备出3种微弧氧化陶瓷膜。通过测厚仪显微硬度计对复合陶瓷膜进行检测;然后用表面性能最佳的试件在摩擦磨损试验机上进行摩擦磨损实验,通过其截面形貌和表面形貌分析其耐磨性能。结果表明:蛇纹石/Sic复配添加剂对微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的膜厚和硬度影响不大,但是在摩擦磨损试验中表现出了更加优异的减摩抗磨性能,摩擦系数更低,在摩擦过程中,由蛇纹石和Sic的复合作用,试件表面空隙更减小,摩擦性能得以改善。     

TC4钛合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜层形貌及性能研究

对TC4钛合金进行微弧氧化处理,在其表面制得陶瓷膜层,利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、能谱仪以及显微硬度对膜层形貌、结构和性能进行分析,并在20%H2SO4溶液中作腐蚀实验。结果表明,陶瓷膜层与基体结合良好,表面呈微孔形貌,类似于火山堆,由金红石和锐钛矿构成,与基体相比,硬度及耐腐蚀性得到提高。     

蛇纹石纳米粒子对ZL109铝合金活塞微弧氧化膜层摩擦性能的影响

配制蛇纹石纳米粒子分散液,选定不同质量浓度分散液加入电解液中,分别对ZL109铝合金试件进行微弧氧化处理,制备蛇纹石纳米粒子复合微弧氧化陶瓷膜。通过测厚仪和显微硬度计对复合陶瓷膜进行检测得到表面性能最佳的试件,并在摩擦磨损试验机上考察该试件的摩擦学性能;通过分析其截面形貌和磨损前后表面形貌,探讨其摩擦机制。结果表明,蛇纹石纳米颗粒的加入使微弧氧化复合陶瓷层的膜厚增加、硬度升高,且蛇纹石纳米颗粒存在最佳添加量,使复合陶瓷膜试件具有较高的厚度和硬度;蛇纹石纳米颗粒的加入降低了复合陶瓷膜摩擦因数,改善其磨损性能。在摩擦过程中,蛇纹石对表面孔隙进行了填充,使表面的粗糙度减小;同时,蛇纹石在摩擦形成了类似薄膜的块状,起到了自修复的作用。     

钛合金微弧氧化层的摩擦学性能研究

利用微弧氧化技术在Ti6Al4V合金表面制备了富含钙、磷的多孔氧化陶瓷层,研究了微弧氧化层表面形貌、组成及摩擦学性能。研究结果表明,随着电压的升高,氧化层表面微孔孔径、粗糙度和Ca、P元素含量增大,显微硬度增大。25%小牛血清润滑条件下的微弧氧化层与ZrO2陶瓷球的摩擦学实验表明,微弧氧化层的摩擦因数高于Ti6Al4V钛合金,但磨损率明显降低,表明微弧氧化Ti6Al4V合金具有良好的耐磨性能。     

微弧氧化与稀土铈盐封孔对7A85新型铝合金耐蚀和耐磨性能的影响

为改善7A85新型铝合金表面的耐蚀和耐磨性能,利用微弧氧化技术在其表面原位生成陶瓷膜层,用稀土铈盐溶液对陶瓷膜进行封孔处理。通过扫描电子显微镜观察陶瓷膜的表面形貌,采用X射线衍射仪分析膜层的相结构,利用盐雾腐蚀试验和电化学测试评价了陶瓷膜的耐蚀性能,用球-盘摩擦磨损试验机研究了陶瓷膜的摩擦学性能。结果表明:7A85铝合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷膜主要由α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3相组成,陶瓷膜表面经稀土封孔处理后致密性提高。单纯的微弧氧化处理提高了7A85铝合金的耐腐蚀性能,使其抗3.5%NaCl水溶液腐蚀速率降低了1个数量级;对微弧氧化膜层进行稀土铈盐封孔处理进一步提高了膜层的耐蚀性能,腐蚀速率降低1个数量级。微弧氧化陶瓷膜显著提高了7A85铝合金表面的耐磨性能,体积磨损率从4.56×10-3mm3/(N·m)降至5.73×10-4mm3/(N·m);稀土铈盐封孔处理降低了陶瓷膜的摩擦系数,但对磨损速率无显著影响。     

微弧氧化与稀土铈盐封孔对7A85新型铝合金耐蚀和耐磨性能的影响

为改善7A85新型铝合金表面的耐蚀和耐磨性能,利用微弧氧化技术在其表面原位生成陶瓷膜层,用稀土铈盐溶液对陶瓷膜进行封孔处理。通过扫描电子显微镜观察陶瓷膜的表面形貌,采用X射线衍射仪分析膜层的相结构,利用盐雾腐蚀试验和电化学测试评价了陶瓷膜的耐蚀性能,用球-盘摩擦磨损试验机研究了陶瓷膜的摩擦学性能。结果表明:7A85铝合金表面微弧氧化陶瓷膜主要由α-Al2O3和γ-Al2O3相组成,陶瓷膜表面经稀土封孔处理后致密性提高。单纯的微弧氧化处理提高了7A85铝合金的耐腐蚀性能,使其抗3.5%NaCl水溶液腐蚀速率降低了1个数量级;对微弧氧化膜层进行稀土铈盐封孔处理进一步提高了膜层的耐蚀性能,腐蚀速率降低1个数量级。微弧氧化陶瓷膜显著提高了7A85铝合金表面的耐磨性能,体积磨损率从4.56×10-3mm3/(N·m)降至5.73×10-4mm3/(N·m);稀土铈盐封孔处理降低了陶瓷膜的摩擦系数,但对磨损速率无显著影响。     

不同NaOH浓度对TC4钛合金微弧氧化的影响

在磷酸盐体系中采用不同浓度NaOH对TC4钛合金进行微弧氧化处理,在其表面制得陶瓷膜层,利用扫描电镜对膜层形貌结构进行分析,并在20%H2SO4溶液中作腐蚀实验。结果表明,陶瓷膜层与基体结合良好,表面呈微孔形貌,与基体相比,硬度及耐腐蚀性得到提高,NaOH浓度对陶瓷层的影响不是线性关系,浓度太高或太低都将影响微弧氧化的处理效果。通过实验比较得出NaOH浓度为1g/L维护氧化处理后的效果较好,生成的陶瓷膜表面光滑平整,且处理后的试样硬度较好。     

微弧氧化电源占空比对陶瓷基自润滑复合涂层性能的影响*

为提高柴油机铝合金活塞的可靠性和耐用性,在不同电源占空比下通过微弧氧化实验在铝合金基体上制备得到微弧氧化陶瓷层,利用电泳技术将MoS_2微纳米粒子引入陶瓷层的孔隙中,制备得到陶瓷基自润滑复合涂层。研究微弧氧化电源占空比对陶瓷层和复合涂层微观形貌、厚度和表面粗糙度的影响,并利用往复式摩擦磨损试验机在干摩擦、油润滑条件下对复合涂层的摩擦学性能进行分析。结果表明:随占空比的提高,微弧氧化陶瓷层的厚度、表面粗糙度呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势;随占空比的提高,制备得到的复合涂层的摩擦因数先减小后增大,占空比为60%～70%得到的复合涂层摩擦因数最低,且复合涂层与基体结合状态好,抗磨自润滑性能显著。     

脉冲频率对钛合金微弧氧化膜的影响

采用交流微弧氧化法于NazSiO3和Na3PO4的混合溶液中,在Ti6Al4V钛合金表面制备了氧化物陶瓷膜;研究了脉冲频率对氧化膜厚度、表面形貌、物相组成和耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:随着脉冲频率的增高,氧化膜的厚度逐渐减小,氧化膜表面的孔径尺寸减小,微孔数量逐渐增多;氧化膜主要由锐钛矿相和金红石相两种TiO2组成,当脉冲频率低于500 Hz时,频率对氧化膜各相含量的影响不明显;当脉冲频率超过500 Hz时,随着频率的增高,氧化膜中金红石相TiO2的含量稍有增加;表面覆盖氧化膜的Ti6Al4V钛合金在30%硫酸中的耐腐蚀性能比表面未覆盖氧化膜的有明显提高.     

Evolution of residual stresses in micro-arc oxidation ceramic coatings on 6061 Al alloy

Most researches on micro-arc oxidation mainly focus on the application rather than discovering the evolution of residual stresses. However, residual stresses in the surface coatings of structural components have adverse effects on their properties, such as fatigue life, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance, etc. The micro-arc oxidation ceramic coatings are produced on the surfaces of 6061 aluminum alloy by a homemade asymmetric AC type of micro-arc oxidation equipment of 20 kW. A constant current density of 4.4___0.1 A/dm2 and a self-regulated composite electrolyte are used. The micro-arc oxidation treatment period ranges from 10 min to 40 min, and the thickness of the ceramic coatings is more than 20 Bin. Residual stresses attributed to 7-A1203 constituent in the coatings at different micro-arc oxidation periods are analyzed by an X-ray diffractometer using the sin2~u method. The analysis results show that the residual stress in the ceramic coatings is compressive in nature, and it increases first and then decreases with micro-arc oxidation time increase. The maximum stress value is 1 667_＋20 MPa for period of 20 min. Through analyzing the coating thickness, surface morphology and phase composition, it is found that the residual stress in the ceramic coatings is linked closely with the coating growth, the phase composition and the micro cracks formed. It is also found that both the heat treatment and the ultrasonic action release remarkably the residual compressive stress. The heat treatment makes the residual compressive stress value decrease 1 378 MPa. The ultrasonic action even alters the nature of the residual stress, making the residual compressive stress change into a residual tensile stress.     

铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层组织结构与性能的研究

借助于XRA、SEM和ESA等手段,对置于不同溶液和电参数下得到的铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷层组织结构进行了研究。结果表明,陶瓷层的成分和性能与电解液有关,陶瓷层的相结构与电参数有关。     

Deposition of duplex Al2O3/TiN coatings on aluminum alloys for tribological applications using a combined microplasma oxidation (MPO) and arc ion plating (AIP)

Microplasma oxidation (MPO) has recently been studied as a cost-effective plasma electrolytic process to provide thick and hard ceramic coatings with excellent surface load-bearing capacity on aluminum alloys. However, for sliding wear applications, such ceramic coatings often exhibit relatively high friction coefficients against many counterface materials. Although coatings deposited by physical vapour deposition (PVD) techniques such as TiN coatings are well known for providing surfaces with a high hardness, in practice they often exhibit poor performance under mechanical loading, since the coatings are usually too thin to protect the substrate from the contact conditions. In this paper, these challenges were overcome by a duplex process of microplasma oxidation and arc ion plating (AIP), in which an alumina layer Al₂O₃ was deposited on an Al alloy substrate (using MPO as a pre-treatment process) for load support, and a TiN hard coatings were deposited (using AIP) on top of the Al₂O₃ layer for low friction coefficient. Microhardness measurements, pin-on-disc sliding wear tests, and antiwear tests using a Timken tester were performed to evaluate the mechanical and tribological properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe coating morphology, and to examine wear scars from pin-on-disc test. The research demonstrates that a hard and uniform TiN coating, with good adhesion and a low coefficient of friction, can successfully be deposited on top of an alumina intermediate layer to provide excellent load support. The investigations indicate that a duplex combination of MPO coating and TiN PVD coating represents a promising technique for surface modification of Al alloys for heavy surface load bearing application.     

铝合金微弧氧化陶瓷膜形成电解液组分优化

基于非对称双向脉冲电源,用L9(34)正交试验法优化了电解液组分。用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)观察和分析了陶瓷层的组织特征和物相组成,并用点滴和全浸试验衡量膜层的耐腐蚀性。较佳的电解液配方为:磷酸盐15 g/L,硅酸盐10 g/L,碳酸盐5 g/L,络合剂4 g/L。膜层的相组成和耐腐蚀性与电解液的浓度密切相关,当浓度较低时,膜层由晶态Al2O3组成;当浓度较高时,膜层由含有较多显微裂纹的非晶态Al2O3组成;当浓度适中时,可获得主要由非晶态组成的致密Al2O3陶瓷层,该膜层表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能。     

LY12铝合金微弧氧化后疲劳特性研究

微弧氧化是一种新兴的表面改性技术，利用810Material Test System疲劳试验机，对LY12-CZ铝合金微弧氧化后疲劳特性进行了研究。结果表明：疲劳特性随着膜厚的增加先提高后降低，膜厚有一极限值；与阳极氧化相比，膜厚为15μm，20μm试件的平均循环次数分别提高19．8%和24．4％，膜厚为25μm试件的平均循环次数降低14．6％；膜层较薄时疲劳断裂后断口膜层与基体结合紧密，膜层较厚时疲劳断裂后断口膜层部分脱落。     

Sliding-Wear Behavior of TiN- and CrN-Coated 2024 Aluminum Alloy Against an Al2O3 Ball

Dry sliding friction and wear behavior of TiN and CrN deposited on 2024 aluminum alloy by arc ion plating was investigated using the ball-on-disk wear test. The effects of normal load and ceramic coating on the friction coefficient and wear-resistance of 2024 aluminum alloy were studied. The worn surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that wear volume increases while the friction coefficient decreases with an increase in normal load. The wear resistance of CrN is higher than that of TiN. The wear mechanism of TiN-coated 2024 Al is related to the oxidation of TiN coating and plastic deformation of 2024 Al. Conversely, the wear mechanism of CrN-coated 2024 Al is related to the fatigue fracture of the coating, which was affected by residual stress and plastic deformation of 2024 Al.     

AZ91镁合金表面微弧氧化膜微观结构的TEM表征

在硅酸盐碱性电解液中,以AZ91镁合金为基体采用恒电流控制模式制备出微弧氧化陶瓷薄膜,采用透射电镜对微弧氧化膜的微观结构进行了分析,并测试了相关性能。结果表明:镁合金在以硅酸盐溶液为主的电解液中进行微弧氧化形成的产物主要是纳米晶MgO和MgAl2O4,并且形成了少量的非晶态物质和一定比例的较粗大MgO、MgAl2O4和MgSiO3晶粒,但这些粗大晶粒尺寸也在100~300 nm之间;形成的晶粒之所以如此细小主要是由于微弧氧化过程是一个快速烧结和快速冷凝的过程;制备的氧化膜在中性盐雾36 h后的腐蚀率小于0.09 g.cm-2.d-1,而显微硬度在1 000 HV以上。