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1.
为实现多自主船含模型不确定与未知风浪流干扰下的协同路径跟踪控制,提出了一种基于神经网络自适应动态面控制的协同路径跟踪算法.该算法采用单隐层(SHL)神经网络逼近模型不确定性以及海洋环境干扰,所引入的动态面设计技术显著降低了控制算法的复杂性.同时将网络通信约束考虑在内,通过设计分散式协同控制律有效地降低了信息通讯量.Lyapunov稳定性分析证明了闭环系统所有的状态和信号是有界的,并且通过选择合适的设计参数可使跟踪误差为任意小.对比仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性.  相似文献   

2.
This paper addresses the cooperative path-following problem of multiple marine surface vehicles subject to dynamical uncertainties and ocean disturbances induced by unknown wind, wave and ocean current. The control design falls neatly into two parts. One is to steer individual marine surface vehicle to track a predefined path and the other is to synchronise the along-path speed and path variables under the constraints of an underlying communication network. Within these two formulations, a robust adaptive path-following controller is first designed for individual vehicles based on backstepping and neural network techniques. Then, a decentralised synchronisation control law is derived by means of consensus on along-path speed and path variables based on graph theory. The distinct feature of this design lies in that synchronised path following can be reached for any undirected connected communication graphs without accurate knowledge of the model. This result is further extended to the output feedback case, where an observer-based cooperative path-following controller is developed without measuring the velocity of each vehicle. For both designs, rigorous theoretical analysis demonstrate that all signals in the closed-loop system are semi-global uniformly ultimately bounded. Simulation results validate the performance and robustness improvement of the proposed strategy.  相似文献   

3.
王影 《测控技术》2015,34(4):89-92
为解决由于随时间变化水动力阻尼引起的参数变化和不确定性的问题,提出了基于径向基函数神经网络的未知评估算法,引入自适应算法以保证神经网络权值的最优评估.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,设计一种自适应神经网络控制器以保证路径跟踪系统中所有误差状态都趋于稳定.为了验证该控制器的可行性,对系统施加如位置误差、方向误差等虚拟干扰,证明该控制器可将误差消减为零.另一方面,机器人在以恒定的速度行驶时,每个航点被指定一个适合半径的圆弧可以保证其有较高的精度.为了评估路径跟踪控制器的性能,提出直线型和直线加圆弧型路径方案.仿真结果表明,该控制器可以有效地消除机器人非线性和模型不确定性造成的干扰.  相似文献   

4.
    
Most existing path following control approaches for underactuated Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) assumed that the roll angle can be passively stabilized at zero, and simplified the problem to the 5-degree-of-freedom model. However, in practice, the roll motion suffers from undesirable oscillations induced by environmental disturbances, unbalanced propeller torque, etc. To preserve the stability of the system under nonzero roll dynamics, this paper proposes a novel line-of-sight- (LOS) guided path following control approach. Firstly, the spatial path following error dynamics model is derived to comprehensively reveal the negative effect of roll dynamics. Secondly, an improved LOS guidance law is designed to compensate for the nonzero roll angle. A salient feature is that the proposed guidance law can be applied to the underwater vehicle no matter it is underactuated in the roll motion or not. Thirdly, by assigning the guidance angles to the desired attitude angles, a robust attitude tracking controller is developed, in which the adaptive estimation technique is employed to handle the lumped uncertainties. The tanh-based saturation function is incorporated such that the resultant control signals are inherently bounded. The closed-loop path following and attitude tracking errors are proved to be globally asymptotically stable at the origin. Comparative simulation results are provided to substantiate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.  相似文献   

5.
对模型参数未知的欠驱动水下机器人,本文设计了海流中三维路径跟随控制器.该方法在无旋流的前提下,利用海流的运动方程,结合三维视线导航法和反步法,设计了控制器.通过死区方法估计模型参数,克服了参数漂移问题;针对海流未知情况,设计了海流观测器.最后通过Lyapunov稳定性理论证明了跟踪误差是收敛的,仿真实验验证了该控制方法的有效性.  相似文献   

6.
In this article, we propose a robust depth control design scheme for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in the presence of hydrodynamic parameter uncertainties and disturbances. The controller is designed via a new indirect robust control method that handles the uncertainties by formulating the uncertainty bounds into the cost functional and then transforming the robust control problem into an equivalent optimal control problem. Both robust asymptotic stability and optimality can be achieved and proved with this new formulation. The θ-D method is utilised to solve the resultant nonlinear optimal control problem such that an approximate closed-form feedback controller can be obtained and thus is easy to implement onboard without intensive computation load. Simulation results demonstrate that robust depth control is accomplished under the system parameter uncertainties and disturbances with small control fin deflection requirement.  相似文献   

7.
    
This article presents an in-depth review of path following control strategies that are applicable to a wide range class of marine, ground, and aerial autonomous robotic vehicles. From a control system standpoint, path following can be formulated as the problem of stabilizing a path following error system that describes the dynamics of position and possibly orientation errors of a vehicle with respect to a path, with the errors defined in an appropriate reference frame. In spite of the large variety of path following methods described in the literature we show that, in principle, most of them can be categorized in two groups: stabilization of the path following error system expressed either in the vehicle's body frame or in a frame attached to a “reference point” moving along the path, such as a Frenet-Serret (F-S) frame or a Parallel Transport (P-T) frame. With this observation, we provide a unified formulation that is simple but general enough to cover many methods available in the literature. We then discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method, comparing them from the design and implementation standpoint. We further show experimental results of the path following methods obtained from field trials testing with under-actuated and over-actuated autonomous marine vehicles. In addition, we introduce open-source Matlab and Gazebo/ROS simulation toolboxes that are helpful in testing path following methods before their integration in the combined guidance, navigation, and control systems of autonomous vehicles.  相似文献   

8.
水下机器人的神经网络自适应控制   总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
研究了水下机器人神经网络直接自适应控制方法,采用Lyapunov稳定性理论,证明了存在有界外界干扰和有界神经网络逼近误差条件下,水下机器人控制系统的跟踪误差一致稳定有界.为了进一步验证该水控制方法的正确性和稳定性,利用水下机器人实验平台进行了动力定位实验、单自由度跟踪实验和水平面跟踪实验等验证实验.  相似文献   

9.
预瞄距离是无人车路径跟踪预瞄控制系统设计中的一个关键参数,其选取往往依赖于车辆行驶速度.然而,车速的测量不可避免存在偏差,这必将影响系统的预瞄控制性能.本文针对这一问题,在充分考虑车速测量不确定性对预瞄距离选取影响的基础上,提出一种基于线性参数变化(LPV)系统的鲁棒H∞路径跟踪预瞄控制算法.首先,选取车速和预瞄距离为调度变量,将原系统转化为一种具有可变权重因子的LPV系统.然后,针对无人车系统状态的不完全可测性,设计一种基于观测器的鲁棒H∞控制器.最后,给出保证闭环系统鲁棒H∞性能的凸优化求解条件.仿真结果验证了本文提出控制算法的有效性.  相似文献   

10.
预瞄距离是无人车路径跟踪预瞄控制系统设计中的一个关键参数, 其选取往往依赖于车辆行驶速度. 然而,车速的测量不可避免存在偏差, 这必将影响系统的预瞄控制性能. 本文针对这一问题, 在充分考虑车速测量不确定性对预瞄距离选取影响的基础上, 提出一种基于线性参数变化(LPV)系统的鲁棒H∞路径跟踪预瞄控制算法. 首先,选取车速和预瞄距离为调度变量, 将原系统转化为一种具有可变权重因子的LPV系统. 然后, 针对无人车系统状态的不完全可测性, 设计一种基于观测器的鲁棒H∞控制器. 最后, 给出保证闭环系统鲁棒H∞性能的凸优化求解条件.仿真结果验证了本文提出控制算法的有效性.  相似文献   

11.
研究了欠驱动水下机器人的三维同步跟踪和镇定控制问题,并考虑了模型参数不确定性、未知外界干扰和输入饱和限制的影响.针对不同类型期望轨迹的特性,构造了新的辅助虚拟信号以实现对欠驱动方向的控制.基于反步法和Lyapunov直接法,设计了一种饱和自适应统一动力学控制律,使得AUV的状态误差最终收敛至零点附近的有界区域内,其中未...  相似文献   

12.
    
This paper addresses the problem of cooperative path‐following of multiple autonomous vehicles. Stated briefly, the problem consists of steering a group of vehicles along specified paths while keeping a desired spatial formation. For a given class of autonomous surface vessels, it is shown how Lyapunov‐based techniques and graph theory can be brought together to design a decentralized control structure, where the vehicle dynamics and the constraints imposed by the topology of the inter‐vehicle communication network are explicitly taken into account. To achieve path‐following for each vehicle, a nonlinear adaptive controller is designed that yields convergence of the trajectories of the closed‐loop system to the path in the presence of constant unknown ocean currents and parametric model uncertainty. The controller derived implicitly compensates for the effect of the ocean current without the need for direct measurements of its velocity. Vehicle cooperation is achieved by adjusting the speed of each vehicle along its path according to information exchanged on the positions of a subset of the other vehicles, as determined by the communication topology adopted. Global stability and convergence of the closed‐loop system are guaranteed. Illustrative examples are presented and discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
基于模糊混合控制的自治水下机器人路径跟踪控制   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
基于模糊混合控制策略,本文提出了一种用于非线性欠驱动自治水下机器人的鲁棒路径跟踪控制方法.利用Sugeno型模糊推理系统,将PD滑模控制器与非奇异终端滑模控制器光滑连接,构造了模糊混合控制器.它能充分融合这两类控制器的优势,无论系统远离平衡点还是在其附近,都能取得快速收敛的效果.如果,借助于非时间参考量,将该混合控制器用于自治水下机器人路径跟踪控制,将有利于提高它在不确定环境中的跟踪能力.最后,通过仿真计算结果验证了该控制策略的有效性.  相似文献   

14.
针对具有不确定动态和未知时变海洋环境扰动的欠驱动自主水下机器人(autonomous underwater vehicles,AUVs),提出一种基于事件触发通信机制的分布式固定时间三维编队控制方案.首先设计一种固定时间扰动观测器估计AUV不确定动态和未知时变海洋环境扰动组成的集总扰动,且观测器估计误差在固定调节时间内收敛到零;建立事件触发通信机制,降低多AUV之间的通信频率,节约通信资源;进一步,基于上述固定时间扰动观测器和事件触发通信机制,融合动态面控制技术和固定时间控制理论,设计分布式事件触发固定时间三维编队控制律.现有的固定时间扰动观测器和控制律均有两个幂次项,所设计的固定时间扰动观测器和固定时间编队控制律仅保留收敛速度较快的幂次项,可降低参数调节难度.理论分析表明,所设计的编队控制律能使多欠驱动AUV在固定调节时间内实现三维编队控制,仿真和比较结果验证了所提出控制方案的有效性和优越性.  相似文献   

15.
Design and Control of Autonomous Underwater Robots: A Survey   总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20  
During the 1990s, numerous worldwide research and development activities have occurred in underwater robotics, especially in the area of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). As the ocean attracts great attention on environmental issues and resources as well as scientific and military tasks, the need for and use of underwater robotic systems has become more apparent. Great efforts have been made in developing AUVs to overcome challenging scientific and engineering problems caused by the unstructured and hazardous ocean environment. In the 1990s, about 30 new AUVs have been built worldwide. With the development of new materials, advanced computing and sensory technology, as well as theoretical advancements, R&D activities in the AUV community have increased. However, this is just the beginning for more advanced, yet practical and reliable AUVs. This paper surveys some key areas in current state-of-the-art underwater robotic technologies. It is by no means a complete survey but provides key references for future development. The new millennium will bring advancements in technology that will enable the development of more practical, reliable AUVs.  相似文献   

16.
本文提出一种生物启发神经动力学模型的自治水下机器人(autonomous underwater vehicles,AUV)三维轨迹跟踪控制算法.将AUV在三维空间的运动分为水平面运动和垂直面运动,针对传统反步轨迹跟踪控制器出现的速度跳变问题,采用生物启发神经动力学模型,通过构造一种简单的中间虚拟变量,同时结合Lyapunov函数设计出轨迹跟踪控制律,使其控制效果在水平面和垂直面都能够达到全局渐近稳定并且有平滑连续的输出结果,克服AUV反步轨迹跟踪控制的速度跳变问题.仿真结果证明了所提控制律的有效性.  相似文献   

17.
一种水下机器人运动的过程神经元控制   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
过程神经网络是传统神经网络的拓展, 增加了一个对于时间的聚合算子, 从而更好地模拟了生物神经元的信息处理机制. 这是由于水下机器人运动控制系统的输入、输出均是随时间连续变化的过程量. 结合S函数和预先规划思想, 建立水下机器人过程神经元的运动控制模型. 仿真试验证明,该新型控制模型, 对于水下机器人的运动非线性控制器具有设计简单、响应速度快、超调小、鲁棒性好等优点.  相似文献   

18.
欠驱动自主水面船的非线性路径跟踪控制   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
高剑  刘富樯  赵江  严卫生 《机器人》2012,34(3):329-336
基于级联方法提出一种欠驱动自主水面船的全局K指数稳定路径跟踪控制算法.采用以自由路径参考点为原点的Serret-Frenet坐标系建立路径跟踪误差的动态模型,以路径参数的变化率为附加控制输入,克服了以正交投影点为坐标原点时的奇异值问题.设计路径跟踪航向角指令,将路径跟踪模型分解为位置跟踪子系统和航向角、前向速度跟踪子系统两个子系统级联的形式,设计航向角和前向速度的全局指数稳定跟踪控制器,应用级联系统理论证明了路径跟踪误差的全局K指数稳定性.数学仿真和自主水面船湖上实验结果验证了该路径跟踪控制算法的有效性.  相似文献   

19.
唐旭东 《控制与决策》2010,25(2):213-217
由于系统的强非线性以及不确定性,同时考虑到港湾环境下水声信号的噪声大,水下机器人进行精确作业时的运动控制一直是其实用化过程中困挠人们的问题。过程神经网络是传统神经网络的拓展,它增加了一个对于时间的聚合算子,使网络同时具有时空二维信息处理能力,从而更好地模拟了生物神经元的信息处理机制。水下机器人运动控制系统的输入、输出均是随时间连续变化的过程量。在基本神经元模型上,结合S函数和预先规划思想,建立水下机器人过程神经元运动控制模型,参数学习过程中,将遍历性的渐变混沌噪声引入其中,增强控制器全局优化能力。仿真试验表明,该新型控制模型,对于水下机器人的运动非线性控制器具有设计简单、响应速度快、超调小、鲁棒性好等各种优点。  相似文献   

20.
    
This paper presents a novel integrated guidance and control strategy for docking of autonomous underwater vehicles. The approach to the base, and hence the control design, is divided in two steps: (i) in the first, at higher speed, the vehicle dynamics is assumed to be underactuated, and an appropriate control law is derived to steer the vehicle towards the final docking path, achieving convergence to zero of the appropriate error variables for almost all initial conditions; (ii) in the second stage, at low speed, the vehicle is assumed to be fully actuated, and a robust control law is designed that achieves convergence to zero of the appropriate error variables for all initial conditions, in the presence of parametric model uncertainty. Simulations are presented illustrating the performance of the proposed controllers, including model uncertainty and sensor noise. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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