食用油是怎么来的

从大宗油料中制取油脂的方法大致有两种，即压榨法和浸出法。     

浸出法是先进的制油工艺浸出油是优质安全的食用油

为了同国际接轨,国家粮食局组织国内油脂行业的科研院所、大专院校和大中型生产企业,在整合了过去20多个食用油质量技术等级标准的基础上,参照国际同类先进标准,结合我国国情,重新修订了大豆油等8个商品质量标准,并陆续颁发实施.     

浸出法是先进的制油工艺浸出油是优质安全的食用油

为了同国际接轨,国家粮食局组织国内油脂行业的科研院所、大专院校和大中型生产企业,在整合了过去20多个食用油质量技术等级标准的基础上,参照国际同类先进标准,结合我国国情,重新修订了大豆食用油等8个商品质量标准,并陆续颁发实施。在新的食用油质量标准中,规定了在商品的标签上要标明初制油的生产工艺,即是用压榨法生产的,还是用浸出法生产的。这一规定的目的是为了切实维护消费者对商品的知情权和选择权。近来,对于在食用油商品标签上标明初制油的生产工艺,已经引起了社会各界的广泛关注,甚至有媒体认为这一措施将对我国油脂市场格…     

广东消费者对食用油和散装压榨食用油认知与消费行为的调查研究

基于对广东省消费者的食用油和散装压榨食用油的消费现状、消费认知和消费行为的问卷调查数据,利用计数资料统计描述和交叉分析方法对消费者购买食用油的消费行为进行了研究。结果表明:消费者更加注重食用油安全、营养价值和原料是否转基因等方面;消费者认为散装压榨食用油在质量安全(占比26. 09%)、营养价值(占比29. 64%)、口感(占比45. 45%)和价格(占比33. 20%)方面优于普通食用油。家庭属地和年龄与散装压榨食用油使用比例有关联性。为此,提出增强各级监管力度、完善信息发布平台、加强对食用油消费知识的科普宣传等建议。     

压榨法与热浸提法提取普洱茶籽油的对比研究

以出油率、酸值及过氧化值为评价指标,通过正交试验法,比较了压榨法与热浸提法对普洱茶籽油提取的影响,结果表明热浸提法提取效果较压榨法好。压榨法的最佳条件为：含水量7%,入榨温度110℃,粒度4 mm;热浸提的最佳提取溶剂是正己烷、提取时间4 h、料液比1∶8,温度60℃。     

国家宏观调控能否遏制食用油牛市步伐

国家发展改革委有关负责人11月5日上午约请部分大型食用植物油加工企业和行业协会负责人座谈，了解近期油脂行业生产经营状况，要求大型油脂企业增加食用植物油生产，保证市场供应，稳定市场价格。国家发展改革委有关负责人表示，由于原料价格持续上升，油脂加工企业成本增支压力较大，适当提高产品价格是可以理解的。但是，目前市场价格总水平涨幅较高，社会各方面对食用植物油价格过快上涨反映强烈，希望各油料油脂企业进一步增强社会责任感，顾全大局。为此，国家发展改革委有关负责人对油料油脂企业和行业协会提出了五点要求，要求提高市场供给量，确保市场价格稳定。     

国内外食用油市场的现状与发展趋势

油脂是人类赖以生存的、最重要的营养素之一.在人们日常生活中,食用植物油是重要的消费必需品,与人们生活息息相关.为此,食用植物油消费量的多少,已成为衡量一个国家城乡居民生活水平高低的重要标志,在国家食物安全中占有重要地位.     

中国植物油市场和加入WTO后的影响及对策

介绍了中国的没料、油脂生产状况及近几年来油料、油脂的进、出口情况,国内油脂市场的供需格局以及油脂加工业的现状。同时,探讨了中国加入ＷＴＯ后以油脂行业的影响及对策。     

食用油酸价和过氧化值快速检测试纸法的评价

试验了用于快速检测食用油酸价和过氧化值的目测试纸。采用试纸法和国标法同时检测各类食用油样本的检测试验的比较，结果符合率高，统计学无显著差异。认为酸价和过氧化值试纸法具有快速、准确、方便等优点。     

油菜籽脱皮、低温压榨、膨化浸出制油新工艺

报道了一种油菜籽脱皮、低温压榨、膨化浸出制油新工艺.油菜籽用YTPG100型油菜籽脱皮机脱皮,其脱皮率高达96%以上,仁皮分离后,含皮仅2%的菜籽仁再经过LYZX·24型低温螺旋榨油机在常温至65℃压榨制得低温压榨菜籽油.低温压榨菜籽油经沉淀和过滤后即得成品油,其质量接近菜籽油一级国家标准(GB 1536-1986).低温压榨饼经YPH·20型挤压膨化机组织化处理,形成多微孔颗粒膨化料,经溶剂浸出制得残油率1%左右、蛋白质含量46%以上(干基)的菜籽粕.     

Enzymatic hydrolysis and pressing conditions effect on borage oil extraction by cold pressing

Borage seed oil extraction using cold pressing produces a good oil quality, but it has a low-yield. In a previous study on a borage oil extraction process by cold pressing using commercial enzymes, the oil yield was enhanced in comparison to the control without enzymes. The aim of this work was to further evaluate the effect of temperature, moisture and time of enzymatic hydrolysis; and the effect of this treatment under selected conditions on the pressing stage and on product qualities. The best treatment condition with Olivex–Celluclast was 45 °C, 20% moisture over 9 h of treatment. When the extraction of the pre-treated borage meal was carried out by double pressing (20 min each) on preheated matter, 95% of the oil was recovered. The enzymatic treatment did not affect the oil quality and the residual meal was more valuable due to its lower fibre content.     

Pressurized solvent extraction of wheat germ oil

This study examined the pressurized solvent extraction of wheat germ oil. The effects of temperature (45–135 °C at 1500 psi), extraction time, sample size and solvent type on the extraction efficiency and oil quality were studied. Extraction efficiency of the normal-hexane was compared to that of the iso- and high purity-hexane, iso-propanol, ethanol and acetone. The extracts were analyzed for n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid content. Pressurized solvent extraction reduced extraction time significantly as compared to Soxhlet extraction. The time required for complete oil recovery was dependent on the amount of wheat germ used for extraction. The amount of extract collected was highest when ethanol was used as a solvent for pressurized solvent extraction. Soxhlet and pressurized solvent extractions resulted in similar oil yields when hexane was used as a solvent. Fatty acid composition of the extracts was not affected by either temperature or extraction method. The experimental results indicate that a pressurized solvent extraction technique reduces solvent consumption and extraction time with no adverse effect on the extraction yield and fatty acid composition of the oil.     

Optimisation of oil extraction from sardine (Sardina pilchardus) by hydraulic pressing

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the processing conditions (pretreatment temperature: 5–55 °C, pressure: 60–120 bar and number of pressing stages: 1–3) on the yield and quality (free fatty acids, peroxide value, p‐anisidine and Rancimat induction period) of the oil extracted from whole sardine by hydraulic pressing. Experimental factors were investigated by a designed experiment and optimised by response surface methodology. A maximum yield of oil, 12.47%, was obtained at 55 °C, 60 bar and two pressing stages. Regarding oil quality, it was found minimum values for acidity (0.25% oleic at 55 °C, 60 bar and one pressing stage) and for peroxide value (0.29 meq kg^?1 oil at 5 °C, 60 bar and one pressing stage). Hence, the opposite effect of pretreatment temperature and number of pressing stages on the yield of oil and on its oxidation parameters suggested applying the weighted‐sum method as multiobjective optimisation technique.     

食用油浸出溶剂质量的气相色谱法评价

建立了食用油脂浸出溶剂组成的气相色谱分析方法.烃类组分采用25%角鲨烷填充色谱柱恒温分离,以氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)检测,峰面积归一化法定量.结果表明,6号溶剂中烃类组分以六碳烷烃和六碳环烷烃为主,其内在组成随产地、馏程、循环使用次数的不同而存在显著差异.气相色谱法用于浸出溶剂内在组成的分析具有良好的精密度和准确度,可用于植物油加工中浸出溶剂质量的快速评价.     

Supercritical fluid extraction of tea seed oil and its comparison with solvent extraction

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of tea seed oil was performed to study the effects of various parameters such as pressure, temperature, extraction time (dynamic) and modifier (ethanol) on the yield and composition of the oil. The results were also compared with those obtained by Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and DGF (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Fettwissenschaft) standard method B-I5 (87) in lab conditions. The yield of tea seed oil obtained using SFE was similar to or higher than the other methods. The results from SFE showed that the modifier and pressure have significant effects on the extraction efficiency. The oil extracted by SFE in the absence of modifier was clearer than the oils obtained in other conditions. The fatty acid composition of each extract was determined by gas chromatography. Palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2) and gadoleic (C20:1) fatty acids were observed in the oil samples. Since it contains high-unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and low saturated fatty acids (SFA), edible tea seed oil is also relatively healthy.     

微波辅助有机溶剂提取石榴籽油工艺的研究

以石榴籽为原料,利用微波辅助提取石榴籽油。通过单因素实验及正交实验,研究了处理时间、料液比以及微波功率对石榴籽油得率的影响,确定了微波辅助提取石榴籽油的较佳工艺条件为:微波功率420W,料液比1∶4,处理时间50s×5(时间×次数)。在此条件下石榴籽油的得率为15.48%。     

新型浸出制油技术研究进展

传统油脂浸出技术因健康及环保问题受到质疑,因此,具有诸多优点的新型浸出制油技术得到关注.本文论述了4种主要的新型溶剂浸出制油技术的特点,同时对新型溶剂浸出制油的优缺点进行了比较,重点分析了新型混合溶剂浸出法及其3种不同的混合溶剂体系乙醇-己烷、甲醇-己烷、丙酮-己烷的特点及存在的问题,并对新型混合溶剂异丙醇-环己烷的研究进行了总结,以期为新型浸出制油技术的研究提供一定的参考.     

作为植物油浸出溶剂烃类毒性

该文主要介绍己烷、环己烷、环戊烷、庚烷、戊烷等烃类的物化特性及其作为浸出溶剂安全性,为新型植物油浸出溶剂筛选提供依据和参考。