无机调理剂与表面活性剂联合调理对污泥脱水性能的影响

研究了CaO、PAFC联合表面活性剂预处理对污泥脱水性能的影响。以污泥滤饼含水率和比阻（SRF）作为评价污泥脱水性能的指标,通过测定污泥调理过程中胞外聚合物（EPS）含量、Zeta电位的变化来阐明污泥脱水性能的变化。实验结果表明,十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵（1227）的加入导致上清液中EPS含量发生变化,有效降低了SRF和滤饼含水率,提高污泥脱水性能。CaO、PAFC和表面活性剂的联合调理污泥比单独使用表面活性剂的效果更好,CaO、PAFC的投加不仅改善污泥脱水性能,并有助于减少表面活性剂的用量。污泥上清液中EPS及其各组分含量与污泥滤饼含水率、SRF均有较高的相关性,对污泥的脱水性能有重要贡献。实验中确定的最佳污泥调理条件是CaO投加量为66.67 mg·（g DS）^-1、PAFC投加量为33.33 mg·（g DS）^-1和表面活性剂投加量为56.25 mg·（g DS）^-1,污泥滤饼含水率和SRF分别降至69.41%、0.294×10¹³ m·kg^-1。     

无机调理剂与表面活性剂联合调理对污泥脱水性能的影响

研究了CaO,PAFC联合表面活性剂预处理对污泥脱水性能的影响。以污泥滤饼含水率和比阻(SRF)作为评价污泥脱水性能的指标,通过测定污泥调理过程中胞外聚合物(EPS)含量、Zeta电位的变化来阐明污泥脱水性能的变化。实验结果表明,十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)的加入导致上清液中EPS含量发生变化,有效降低了SRF和滤饼含水率,提高污泥脱水性能。CaO,PAFC和表面活性剂的联合调理污泥比单独使用表面活性剂的效果更好,CaO,PAFC的投加不仅改善污泥脱水性能,并有助于减少表面活性剂的用量。污泥上清液中EPS及其各组分含量与污泥滤饼含水率、SRF均有较高的相关性,对污泥的脱水性能有重要贡献。实验中确定的最佳污泥调理条件是CaO投加量为66.67 mg·(g DS)-1,PAFC投加量为33.33 mg·(g DS)-1和表面活性剂投加量为56.25 mg·(g DS)-1,污泥滤饼含水率和SRF分别降至69.41%和2.94×1012m·kg-1。     

无机调理剂与表面活性剂联合调理对污泥脱水性能的影响

研究了CaO、PAFC联合表面活性剂预处理对污泥脱水性能的影响。以污泥滤饼含水率和比阻(SRF)作为评价污泥脱水性能的指标,通过测定污泥调理过程中胞外聚合物(EPS)含量、Zeta电位的变化来阐明污泥脱水性能的变化。实验结果表明,十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)的加入导致上清液中EPS含量发生变化,有效降低了SRF和滤饼含水率,提高污泥脱水性能。CaO、PAFC和表面活性剂的联合调理污泥比单独使用表面活性剂的效果更好,CaO、PAFC的投加不仅改善污泥脱水性能,并有助于减少表面活性剂的用量。污泥上清液中EPS及其各组分含量与污泥滤饼含水率、SRF均有较高的相关性,对污泥的脱水性能有重要贡献。实验中确定的最佳污泥调理条件是CaO投加量为66.67 mg·(g DS)?1、PAFC投加量为33.33 mg·(g DS)?1和表面活性剂投加量为56.25 mg·(g DS)?1,污泥滤饼含水率和SRF分别降至69.41%、0.294×1013 m·kg?1。     

超声与阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺联合作用对剩余活性污泥脱水的影响

对石化污水处理厂的剩余活性污泥采用超声与阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)联合作用促进脱水的情况进行了研究。实验结果表明,单独添加CPAM虽然改善了污泥的脱水性质,加快了过滤速率,但要达到较好的脱水效果,CPAM添加量比较大。用超声对污泥进行预处理后,污泥脱水能力得到了强化,不但可以减少CPAM用量,还可以使污泥滤饼含水率降低约2个百分点(质量分数)。采用28.7 kHz超声处理时,最佳处理时间为2 min左右,声强约为470 W/m2,CPAM添加量约为0.5%(污泥干基质量分数)。     

污泥类型对污泥碱性发酵的影响

污水处理厂中污泥通常以剩余污泥、初沉污泥以及混合污泥的形式存在。污泥组成不同,污泥的发酵产物不同。为此,考察了温度35℃,pH= 10,等挥发性悬浮固体浓度（VSS）条件下这3种污泥的厌氧发酵情况。结果表明：无论是溶出的溶解性化学需氧量（SCOD）还是产总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）,都是剩余污泥>混合污泥>初沉污泥。 剩余污泥、混合污泥以及初沉污泥的最佳发酵时间均为8 d,第8 d 相似文献   

微波协同低碱预处理剩余污泥效果分析

采用微波协同低碱技术预处理剩余污泥[NaOH投加量≤15mg/(gTS)]。通过对比加碱前后污泥溶液溶解性化学需氧量(SCOD)、溶解性蛋白质、溶解性总糖、氨氮、pH值、电导率等随微波处理时间的变化,考察该技术对污泥破解以及污泥特性的影响。结果表明,微波协同低碱对污泥的破解效果明显优于单独微波和单独碱处理。二者的协同作用进一步提高了污泥溶胞率,增大了有机物的溶出量,尤其以蛋白质的溶出更为显著,而且较高的微波功率与碱的协同效果更好。碱的加入使预处理后的污泥pH值维持在9.1~9.5的偏碱性条件,同时减少了污泥电导率的减小量。而污泥溶液氨氮浓度在预处理前后变化不大。因此,微波协同低碱预处理剩余污泥将有助于改善后续微生物燃料电池(MFC)的污泥降解和产电性能。     

生物壳粉与CPAM联用改善污泥脱水性能的研究

随着我国经济的发展和城镇化进度的加快,污水处理行业也在快速发展。污泥是污水处理过程的产物,具有发臭、水分高、有机物含量高、结构复杂等特点,且含有大量有毒有害物质,需及时处理,否则会对环境造成二次污染。污泥脱水是污泥处理过程的关键环节。而生物壳粉末作为污泥调理剂可以有效提高污泥的脱水性能。采用两种生物壳粉末（蛋壳粉及贝壳粉）进行单独调理污泥、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（CPAM）单独调理污泥、贝壳粉联合CPAM调理污泥的脱水试验,试验结果表明：与蛋壳粉相比,贝壳粉更适于污泥调理;贝壳粉与CPAM联合调理后污泥的脱水效果要优于贝壳粉或CPAM单独调理时的脱水效果。优化了贝壳粉和CPAM联用的投加条件,当贝壳粉添加量为污泥干质量的15%、CPAM投加量为10 mg/L、投加顺序为先添加贝壳粉后添加CPAM时,与未经调理的污泥相比,污泥比阻降低了58.6%,泥饼含水率降低了17.3%。     

化学调理剂对污泥脱水性能影响的研究

研究了表面活性剂TTAB、聚合氯化铝、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺对污泥脱水性能的影响,实验结果表明,它们都有助于改善污泥的脱水性能,表面活性剂TTAB、PAC和CPAM的投加量为0.28 g/L、4.5 g/L和90 mg/L时,污泥的沉降性能和脱水性能分别达到最佳,经表面活性剂调理后的污泥滤饼含水率可以达到70.33%,较PAC和CPAM调理的污泥脱水程度大幅提升,此外,还初步探讨了表面活性剂对污泥的作用机理,研究结果表明,表面活性剂主要通过分散污泥絮体的结构释放污泥絮体内部的结合水和溶出EPS来改善污泥的脱水性能。     

热水解过程中污泥有机物的变化规律

开展了不同工艺条件的热水解预处理对污泥有机物溶出规律的影响研究。结果表明,预脱水污泥经过热水解处理后,可溶性化学需氧量（SCOD）、可溶性蛋白和氨氮等指标的含量明显升高,在200℃/40min条件下,均达到最大值,分别为33895mg/L、19285mg/L和2228mg/L;可溶性多糖含量随反应温度的升高呈现先增后减的趋势,在170℃/40min条件下达到最大值3724mg/L;此时,可溶性蛋白与多糖之和在SCOD中的占比达到71.5%;在190℃/40min条件下,挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）含量达到最大,相比预脱水污泥提升了300%。热水解有效改善了污泥厌氧消化效性。     

连续运行系统中酸碱溶胞对污泥特性及减量效果的影响

研究酸、碱对剩余活性污泥的溶胞效果,考察了pH、温度、作用时间对溶胞效果的影响。试验结果表明:pH=12.0,T=60℃,t=2 h时为最佳条件,溶出的有机质中溶解性蛋白、溶解性总糖、SCOD以及总磷的释放量明显增加。以污水厂剩余污泥为接种污泥,某高校生活污水作为进水,建立动态试验,对剩余污泥进行溶胞处理后投入曝气池。结果表明:在对照组和试验组的出水水质都满足国标要求的前提下,试验组排泥量比对照组减少75%,污泥减量效果显著。     

不同泥质污泥脱水性能研究

文章通过小试和中试研究了调理压榨工艺处理不同泥质的污泥时的调理效果及脱水性能的差异。结果发现,使用相同调理剂进行调理时,不同泥质的污泥脱水性能差别较大。从平均过滤速度上来看,陕西地区的污泥(S3)最慢,广东地区的污泥次之(S2),江苏地区的污泥(S1)最快。小试和中试实验中,干基处理效率排序为:S1S2S3,调整调理剂配方至三氯化铁∶生石灰=4∶7(质量比)时,能使陕西地区的污泥(S3)干基处理效率提高至于S1、S2相当的水平。中试过程中,三种污泥的中试工作周期均在3 h以内,泥饼含水率均在60%以下,满足后续填埋处置的要求。     

Fe(Ⅱ)活化过硫酸盐氧化破解剩余污泥

采用 Fe(Ⅱ)活化过硫酸盐,产生强氧化性硫酸根自由基(SO₄^-·),以污泥释放的溶解性COD(SCOD)、相对疏水性(RH)和污泥比阻(SRF)为表征,考察了SO₄^-·氧化破解剩余污泥强化脱水的影响因素,并解析了机理。结果表明:当初始pH为4.5,n(S₂O₈^2-)=2.2 mmol·(g VSS)^-1,n(Fe²⁺)=1.32 mmol·(g VSS)^-1,常温下反应3 h后,SCOD由66.5 mg·L^-1增加到472.3 mg·L^-1,RH由26.9%升高到41.1%,SRF由24.9×10⁸ S²·g^-1降低至4.5×10⁸ S²·g^-1;在此基础上利用响应面法,根据Box-Benhnken中心组合试验设计,以SRF为响应指标,优化条件为pH 4.27,n(S₂O₈^2-)=2.6 mmol·(g VSS)^-1,n(Fe²⁺)=1.59 mmol·(g VSS)^-1时,SRF为3.8×10⁸ S²·g^-1,泥饼含水率为72.7%。镜检发现,破解后污泥变为颗粒碎片状;傅里叶红外光谱显示污泥表面官能团对应的特征吸收峰强度有一定程度的减弱;热重分析表明无明显物理吸附水失重区。证实了在SO₄^-·作用下,污泥菌胶团结构破坏,溶胞释放了有机物,使表观疏水性更强,与水结合力明显减弱,脱水性得到了较大提高,有利于污泥减量化应用。     

Stabilization and dewatering of wastewater treatment plant sludge using combined bio/Fenton-like oxidation process

Wastewater sludge usually contains large amounts of water and organic materials; therefore, its stabilization and dewatering are of particular importance. The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of sludge stabilization and dewatering from wastewater sludge by bioleaching (Thiobacillus ferrooxidans), Fenton/bioleaching, and bioleaching/Fenton-like processes. To evaluate sludge stabilization and dewatering, specific resistance to filtration (SRF), volatile suspended solids (VSS), total suspended solids (TSS), and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) were measured. In biological treatment with T. ferrooxidans with Fe²⁺ (2?g?L^?1), 99.75, 33, 37, and 72% reduction were observed in SRF, VSS, TSS, SCOD, respectively, after 2 days. In the combined treatment of Fenton before bioleaching (including Fe²⁺ 2?g?L^?1 and H₂O₂ 1?g?L^?1 with Fenton oxidation for 30?min followed by biological treatment with T. ferrooxidans for 2 days), the reduction rates in TSS, VSS, SCOD, and SRF were 40.18, 40.88, 60.95, and 75.43%, respectively. In treatment with the combined method of bioleaching before Fenton-like oxidation, the removal rates of the aforementioned parameters were 52.5, 54.4, 88, and 99.82%, respectively. In comparison to Fenton oxidation and bioleaching alone, combined biological method of bioleaching/Fenton-like oxidation using a lower dose of H₂O₂ and Fe²⁺ significantly improved sludge dewatering and stabilization.     

Comparison of initiation methods in the structure of CPAM and sludge flocs properties

Cationic polyacrylamides (CPAMs) synthesized by thermal, ultrasonic, microwave, and UV initiation were characterized through magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (¹H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The CPAMs for flocculation and dewatering of alum sludge produced through drinking water treatment were evaluated based on the residual turbidity of the supernatant, dry solid content, mean volume diameter and floc size distribution, fractal dimension of the flocs, and zeta potential as a function of flocculant dosage. Comparisons of the characteristics and performance of CPAMs synthesized through different initiation methods were systematically conducted. Flocculation and dewatering test results demonstrated that CPAMs synthesized through microwave and UV initiation had better flocculation performance and dewatering capability than those synthesized through thermal and ultrasonic initiation. All four CPAMs exhibited a similar final floc size distribution but different mean volume diameters and floc structures. The fractal dimension of the flocs and the zeta potential were in the following order: CPAM3 (microwave initiation) > CPAM4 (UV initiation) > CPAM1 (thermal initiation) > CPAM2 (ultrasonic initiation). Discussions on fractal dimension and zeta potential indicated that the electrostatic patches model and adsorption/bridging effect mechanisms played the main role in the formation of sludge flocs. Lastly, microwave and UV initiation were found to be alternative and recommendable initiation methods for the synthesis of CPAMs with improved flocculation performance and sludge dewatering capability. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 44071.     

超声能量密度对污泥脱水性能的影响

<正>引言近年来,生物法在城市污水处理中得到广泛的应用,然而在处理过程中产生了大量的污泥,污泥中含有50%～70%的有机物和较多的氮、磷等营养成分以及致病菌、寄生虫卵等有害物质。其化学     

沸石强化生物A/O工艺污泥脱水性能研究

沸石在强化A／O生物脱氮效果的同时改善了污泥的脱水性能。含沸石污泥的比阻随沸石含量的增加而降低,当沸石质量浓度在4g／L时,污泥脱水后体积变化梯度大。综合比较表明,含沸石污泥不投加混凝剂而直接脱水是适宜的。     

阴极滤布对活性污泥电渗透脱水的影响(英文)

The mechanical dewatering of activated sludge is troublesome due to its high compressibility of solids. The dewatering can be enhanced dramatically by the use of electroosmosis,in which an electric field is applied to the sludge cake.In this study,the influence of filter cloth on the cathode on the dewatering of activated sludge was investigated.It was found that thicker filter cloth led to lower water removal from the sludge cake,so a stainless steel cathode net with small pore size instead of filter cloth was applied,which improves the dewatering efficiency and reduces the electric power consumption.Moreover,water absorbent materials were helpful to remove the water from the sludge cake.For the electroosmotic dewatering at 7 kPa and 24 V·cm-1,the water content in the sludge cake decreased to 60%(by mass) with the average 0.075 kW·h·kg-1of water removed by using the cathode net.     

Fe2＋/S2 O2-8体系对污泥的破解性能的研究

以城市污水处理厂的储泥池高浓度的污泥作为研究对象,用Fe2＋活化过硫酸钠（ PDS）产生具有强氧化性的硫酸根自由基对污泥进行氧化破解。分别探讨同反应时间、初始pH、 C（ Fe2＋）/C（ S2 O2-8）、 PDS投加量以及不同的反应温度对污泥破解能力的影响。结果表明：当C（PDS）=15 mmol/L、 C（Fe2＋）/C（S2O2-8）=0.3、 T=35℃、 pH=3的较优条件下反应8 h,污泥比阻（SRF）从1.65e＋11降到4.6e＋10,溶解性COD（SCOD）从85 mg/L升高到550 mg/L。随着pH的增加,提高C（Fe2＋）/C（S2O2-8）度均使污泥破解效果逐渐减弱,而升高温度有利于污泥破解。     

污泥调理剂与有机高分子絮凝剂联合作用对污泥脱水性能影响的研究

结合污泥调理剂和有机高分子絮凝剂在调理活性污泥中体现出的优缺点,将两者联合用于活性污泥的调理。先后投加不同量的调理剂和絮凝剂于活性污泥中,研究其对污泥絮体特征和脱水性能的影响。结果表明,当两者投加量分别为1%和0.5%时,污泥泥饼含水率降到最低,为75.41%,且污泥过滤性能得到较好的改善。这是由于调理剂的投加改变了污泥絮体结构,导致胞外聚合物（EPS）的分布发生变化,改善了污泥的脱水性能,絮体颗粒粒径减小,而投加有机高分子絮凝剂使得污泥絮体重新絮凝,从而提高脱水速度。     

Thermal Dewatering (TDW) to Reduce the Water Content of Sludge

Thermal dewatering describes the process whereby a heating plate and heat supply unit are incorporated into a filter press system to improve separation of water from sludge. The performance of our thermal dewatering system for both wastewater and waterworks sludge was measured and compared with mechanical dewatering in terms of water content, dewatering velocity, cake specific resistance, and energy consumption. Dewatering velocity was improved by a factor of two, cake water content was lower, and specific cake resistance was improved. However, energy consumption was higher. Thermal dewatering systems may be economical and have practical application to improving dewaterability.