谈谈“新产品标准化审查”

企业标准化工作的一项重要内容是新产品的标准化审查。新产品鉴定时，必须提供产品的设计文件、工艺文件、检验文件，这已成为共识和规则，但对每种技术文件所包含的内容，可能有些不同的看法，我有以下几点粗浅的认识。一、设计文件设计文件是表达产品的组成、型式、结构尺寸、原理、性能及其他技术数值和说明的技术文件。设计文件应包括“新产品标准化综合要求”，而不包括“产品标准”。1．曾在“机电新产品标准化审查管理办法”中提到：从编制新产品设计任务书到设计、试制、鉴定的各个阶段，必须充分考虑标准化的要求。审查设计任务书…     

CAD电子文件的管理及标准化

介绍了深圳市华为技术有限公司的电子文件管理的一些行之有效的做法。着重谈了在当前纸质文件和电子文件并存期间，电子文件的管理、有效性审查和标准化审查，以及保证电子文件和纸质文件一致性的方法。     

如何提升设计文件的标准化审查质量

设计文件的标准化审查是对企业的经营质量负责,它关乎着所生产产品的各项属性和有用数据,也反映着公司的管理模式是否恰当。文章从现阶段设计文件标准化审查上的若干问题为出发点对其质量的提升提出了一些措施。     

CAD电子文件的管理及标准化

介绍了深圳市华为技术有限公司的电子文件管理的一些行之有效的做法。着重谈了在当前纸质文件和电子文件并存期间，电子文件的管理，有效性审查和标准化审查，以及保证电子文件和纸质文件一致性的方法。     

标准化辅助编写工具的设计与实现

针对航天技术文件流转过程中出现的章节编号和字体格式不正确、图表编号和公式列项不连续等问题,采用Visual Studio Tools for Office和Word文档对象技术开发设计实现标准化辅助编写工具。该工具提供了文件样式的快速插入和审查等功能,提高了文件编写效率和审查效率。     

设计文件标准化审查工作初探

介绍了设计文件标准化审查的内容，指出了存在的问题，并提出了解决的措施。     

两项国家军用标准通过审定

2001年 2月 20日至 22日，中国人民解放军总装备部电子信息基础部技术基础局在北京主持召开了《军用标准和指导性技术文件编写规定》和《军用规范编写规定》两项国家军用标准草案审查会。 　　审查委员会对该两项标准草案送审稿进行了全面认真的审查，一致认为：该两项标准草案从适应我军现代化建设和军事装备管理体制转变的需要出发，在总结以往军用标准化工作成功经验的基础上，充分反映了国际最新发展趋势，即与国家标准 GB/T1. 1－ 2000接轨和兼容，又突出了军用标准的特点，符合我国军用标准化的发展方向。同时指出，该两项标准草…     

广电总局发布《关于<移动多媒体广播复用实施指南>广播电影电视行业标准化指导性技术文件的通知》

8月15日,广电总局向各省、自治区、直辖市广播影视局,新疆生产建设兵团广播电视局,总局直属有关单位发出《广电总局关于发布<移动多媒体广播复用实施指南>广播电影电视行业标准化指导性技术文件的通知》。通知说,根据广播电影电视标准制订计划,总局组织审查了以下一项     

《标准化管理办法及交叉融合领域标准化协调模式研究》课题通过工信部验收

正7月25日,由中国电子技术标准化研究院承担的《标准化管理办法及交叉融合领域标准化协调模式研究》课题通过了工信部科技司的审查验收。工信部科技司韩俊副司长等领导,以及相关标准化领域专家参加了会议。该课题在对标准化概念、发展历程、工信部标准化管理现状等方面内容进行研究梳理的基础上,从总则、管理职责、标准制     

专利知识讲座(三)

1.专利申请的审查程序(1)专利申请的受理和申请日的确定专利申请的受理。申请人提交了专利法规定的申请文件,则专利申请可以被受理。申请日的确定。专利局收到了可以受理的申请文件时,即确定申请日。(2)发明专利申请的初步审查专利申请确定了申请日后,就进入了初步审查。初步审查内容包括两部分,一是格式审查,二是明显不符合专利法有关规定的审查。格式审查是对申请文件及其有关附件是否齐备,以及填写是否符合格式要求的审查,不涉及技术内容。格式审查不符合可以补正。     

A Reliability-Program Case-History on Design Review

This paper summarizes the investigative results of actual design reviews as an important part of reliability program, and describes several reliability engineering efforts to achieve an effective design review. Design data packages (design documentation) which indicate the basic design program and design process are important in design reviews, When attention is concentrated on a data package, the ability of the reviewers is heightened and the results of the review are enhanced. When the design review is concerned with product reliability, then the availability and quality of: 1) a data package with established reliability level objectives and predictions, 2) a Failure Mode Effect Analysis and a Fault Tree Analysis, and 3) other data packages on product reliability and related technology or engineering, all greatly influence the results of the review. The potential weak points in a design can be revealed by over-stress tests and the results of such tests are very useful in the reliability design review. The improved design which can withstand the adequate over-stress tests appreciably lessened customer complaints about reliability.     

Management of R&D projects under uncertainty: a multidimensional approach to managerial flexibility

In this paper, we describe the practical application of a flexibility-based management approach to new product development, highlighting advantages, and limitations of this methodology. The model is concerned with the resolution of uncertainty over the product development life cycle and deals with technical, market, and cost factors all together. To this end, we consider a real options model, which uses multidimensional decision trees, to assess the development process of a high-technology product, namely, the Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope. Moreover, we show how this project could be managed by estimating its value and determining optimal managerial actions to be taken at each review stage of the new product development process. Finally, we draw conclusions about this model's general utility and particular challenges associated with its use as a product development tool, and emphasize the need to consider a multidimensional model, instead of a single dimensional one.     

Toward a Product System Modularity Construct: Literature Review and Reconceptualization

Product modularity has been discussed in engineering and management literature for over forty years. During this time span, definitions and views on the meaning of product modularity proliferated to the extent that it is difficult to understand the essential traits of the concept. While definitional ambiguity is often a byproduct of academic debate, it hinders the advancement of scientific knowledge as well. This paper aims to move a step forward toward a more precise definition of product modularity, by articulating a product system modularity construct in the domain of tangible, assembled artifacts. More precisely, the paper constitutively defines product modularity in terms of component separability and component combinability. An indirect operational definition for product modularity is then proposed by operationalizing component separability and component combinability. The proposed definition is finally related to other definitional perspectives synthesized by a literature review: component commonality, function binding, interface standardization, and loose coupling. In this way, the nomological network of the product modularity construct is laid out. Construct validation activities are left to further research     

FEROM: Feature Extraction and Refinement for Opinion Mining

Opinion mining involves the analysis of customer opinions using product reviews and provides meaningful information including the polarity of the opinions. In opinion mining, feature extraction is important since the customers do not normally express their product opinions holistically but separately according to its individual features. However, previous research on feature‐based opinion mining has not had good results due to drawbacks, such as selecting a feature considering only syntactical grammar information or treating features with similar meanings as different. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an enhanced feature extraction and refinement method called FEROM that effectively extracts correct features from review data by exploiting both grammatical properties and semantic characteristics of feature words and refines the features by recognizing and merging similar ones. A series of experiments performed on actual online review data demonstrated that FEROM is highly effective at extracting and refining features for analyzing customer review data and eventually contributes to accurate and functional opinion mining.     

High throughput VLSI DSP using replicated finite rings

This paper discusses strategies for implementing DSP systems using residue replication. The theory, recently introduced by two of the authors, uses formal polynomial ring mappings, from binary representations, to direct product ring implementation of integer processing arrays. The mapping produces completely independent computational arrays each computing over the same ring. This paper describes an architecture and processing array to implement, and take advantage of, the special computational ring structures that result from the mapping. A brief review of the theory and mapping techniques, is followed by the discussion of the architecture and VLSI design of an efficient inner product processing array using Fermat Primes.     

一种基于深度学习的电子商务满意度评估方法

随着电子商务的崛起,越来越多的消费者选择通过网购来获取所需的商品。消费者评论信息中包含了对商品、物流等电子商务各方面的满意程度,这就使得在线商品评论信息成为研究电子商务满意度的重要参考依据。因此充分分析商品评论中的消费者满意程度,具有巨大的商业价值和社会价值。本文从意见挖掘的角度出发,提出了一种基于深度学习的电子商务满意度评估方法,旨在为消费者进行网购决策时提供一些指导建议。     

Factors for success in R&D projects and new product innovation:a contextual framework

There have been many attempts to discover the critical factors that can indicate the success or failure of R&D projects and new product introductions. Because of the large number of studies that exist, the authors undertook an extensive review of the germane literature to find whether a general agreement exists about the factors leading to success or failure in new product development and R&D projects. The review shows first that even with a conservative approach to listing significant factors, the list is very long. Second, comparing the factors across studies demonstrates that different authors have found that the magnitude of significance and the direction of influence vary. Third, given the differences in context, the meaning of similar factors may also vary. The contradictory findings lead us to propose a contingency framework for the new product and R&D project models. This framework consists of a contingency cube with three contextual dimensions. Based on this framework, we propose a set of propositions. We conclude this paper with a discussion of the implications of a contingent approach for both researchers and managers in the area of management of new products and R&D projects     

Optimal Age-Replacement Policy Under an Imperfect Renewing Free-Replacement Warranty

This paper investigates the effects of an imperfect renewing free-replacement warranty (RFRW) on the classical age-replacement policy for a product with an increasing failure rate. Under the imperfect RFRW, whenever a product fails during the warranty period, it is replaced by a repaired one from an infinite stock of refurbished items, at no cost to the purchaser, with a new full warranty. We assume that the failure potential of the repaired product is inferior to that of a new product; that is, the repaired product is less reliable than a new one. Long-run expected cost rates for the age-replacement policy are developed for two cases: when the preventive replacement age occurs before, and when it occurs after the warranty expires. The optimal replacement ages that minimize the cost rates are determined, and the impact of an imperfect RFRW on the optimal replacement age is illustrated with a numerical example. We review the literature dealing with warranty and maintenance against this framework, and conclude with some discussions on topics for research in the future. The imperfect RFRW proposed in this paper is practical, and novel; and this study represents a useful extension of Yeh that promises to be of interest to reliability engineers, managers, and theoreticians.     

Optimizing the concurrency for a group of design activities

This research focuses upon the optimization of the concurrency between upstream product design activity and downstream process design activities in the concurrent engineering product development pattern. First, a new model of concurrent product development process, i.e., the design activity group model, is built. In this model, the product and process design activities are carried out concurrently with the whole design process divided into several stages, every two of which are separated by a design review activity. The design review activities may lead to design iterations at a certain rate of probability. Therefore, a probability theory-based method is proposed to compute the mean duration of the design activity group and the mean workloads of all the design and review activities, with design iterations taken into consideration. Then, the problem of concurrency optimization is defined mathematically, whose objective is to minimize the total costs for delay of design activity group completion time and unnecessary design revision workloads. Our research proves that the cost function is convex with respect to the concurrent (or overlap) degree between design activities and that it must have a minimum value at a unique optimum point. Based on this property, a one-dimensional search algorithm that is exponentially converged is finally proposed for solving the problem.     

The Development of a Component Commonality Metric for Mass Customization

In this paper, we review the commonality indices that have been developed thus far and demonstrate their possible limitations in evaluating component commonality for mass customization. Therefore, we develop a commonality index that considers generic bills-of-materials for mass customization instead of material-requirements-planning-like product structures. The construction of the index is carried out stepwise. At first, the intermediate commonality metrics with respect to common components, must-generic items, and options are defined. Then, we introduce the total commonality index, which enables the evaluation of the overall commonality of a product family. The index suggests a significant increase of commonality as the number of must-generic items and common components increases. However, product options have a minor contribution to the improvement of commonality. On the basis of a sensitivity analysis, the managerial implications that would result from using the index in practice are derived. We also explore the interdependencies between component commonality and variety-induced complexity on the shop floor. Finally, we discuss the application requirements that should be satisfied in order to effectively use the index